Using law enforcement data from four Midwest communities, we document the similarities and differences between criminal nonfatal fatal shooting incidents, including spatial dimensions of events. We present a definition for incident that guides our victim characteristic comparisons. Our work suggests agencies should build capacity standardized collection surrounding gun violence to include shootings especially use in evaluations prevention strategies.

The recent upturn in U.S. homicide rates may have resulted from increases the number of serious violent incidents, growth percentage involving firearms, or lethality. Data National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) suggest that national increase was not driven by violence proportion these crimes but be related to a longer-term In St. Louis, concentrated communities previously had highest rates, changes structural conditions population composition were...

Many crimes go unreported, making the true scope of crime unknown, and criminal justice reform based on potentially limited data. An acoustic gunfire detection system (AGDS) broadens data available provides a unique picture gun use violence in communities, separate from reported by victims. Using an AGDS City St. Louis, this study models variation community rates calls to police for gunshots detected. The results provide new insights into prevalence high community. We find that residents are...

This paper expands the concept of contested neighborhood boundaries to account for spatial variation in violence across urban neighborhoods. We argue that boundaries—defined as spaces which one group holds a narrow majority close proximity large minority group—will contain highest levels intergroup violence. Conversely, intragroup will be comparatively low these areas, give rise more clearly defined boundaries, increasing solidarity and placing downward pressure on conflict. assess this...

Although much of the crime and place literature seeks to explain frequency in relation environmental conditions, few studies have examined diversity space. This article reexamines a study neutral model assuming conditions minimal influence on patterns. The original results show that variety types given area (i.e., richness) increases regularly across spatial scales, is largely consistent with or random process. conclusion makes no appeal crime-environment dependencies often believed...

Jails are a critical part of the criminal justice system but, until recently, have been omitted from discussions reform. The goal current study is to describe and evaluate collaborative, problem-solving initiative designed reduce jail population in St. Louis County, Missouri. was implemented as research-practitioner partnership around case review model, deemed Population Review Team (PRT) commonly used epidemiological analysis policing models. outcome suggests that implementation PRT...

Abstract Restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted people’s daily routine activities. Rooted in crime pattern and activity theories, this study tests whether enactment of a Safer-at-Home mandate was associated with changes distance between individuals’ home addresses locations where they committed crimes (i.e., residence-to-crime distance). Analyses are based on violent (N = 282), property 1552), disorder 1092) reported to one police department located United States’...

Abstract Research Summary Firearm violence continues to be a leading cause of death in the United States. As alternatives law enforcement intervention, community‐based prevention programs, such as Cure Violence, have become increasingly popular across U.S. cities. This article documents results multiyear, mixed‐methods, quasi‐experimental study implementation and impact Violence St. Louis, Missouri, from 2020 2023. We analyzed data semistructured interviews, two‐wave community survey, police...

As peers become a major part of children's social life, children seek out and provide support for each other when experiencing strong emotions. We examined intrinsic interpersonal emotion regulation (IER; seeking from peers) extrinsic IER (regulation strategies to help regulate emotion). the extent which (a) whom turn diverge those they consider close friends (b) strategy provided by is associated with seeking. Study participants were 131 (67 girls) fourth fifth grade six classrooms urban...

As youth gun violence continues to plague marginalized US communities, knowledge about “what works” prevent injury and illegal activity within this population remains a contentious pressing issue. This study investigates the impacts of Project Life—an education-based prevention program—on recidivism outcomes for sample 368 youths in Indianapolis, Indiana, between 2015 2019. We conducted retrospective outcome analyses compare who completed program (83%) did not complete program. find that...