We report a direct-RF pulse-based radar System on Chip (SoC) with applications in vital signs monitoring and occupancy detection. The transmitter complies FCC, ETSI, KCC regulatory masks -10 dB bandwidths of 1.4 1.5 GHz centered at 7.29 8.748 GHz. receiver samples the reflected signal 23.328 GS/s, covering 9.9-m consecutive range. measured front-end noise figure is 6.3 14.7-dB gain Chest movements from breathing heartbeats human subject were detected 9 5 m, respectively. All required power...

A novel procedure to approximate wavelet bases using analog circuitry is presented. First, an approximation used calculate the transfer function of filter, whose impulse response required wavelet. Next, for low-power low-voltage applications, we optimize state-space description filter dynamic range, sensitivity and sparsity requirements. The design that follows based on orthonormal ladder structure with log-domain integrators as main building blocks. Simulations demonstrate it approximates...

The design of a 13.56 MHz/402 MHz autonomous wireless sensor node with asynchronous ECG monitoring for near field communication is presented. consists an RF energy harvester (RFEH), power management unit, readout, data encoder and backscattering transmitter. supplies the system 1.25 V offers conversion efficiency 19% from -13 dBm source at MHz. unit regulates output voltage RFEH to supply readout VECG = 0.95 VDE 0.65 . comprises analog front-end (low noise amplifier programmable current...

The codesign of an impulse generator and miniaturized antennas for ultra-wideband radio is described. generator, discussed by Bragga in 2004, designed with differential outputs that are fed to the antenna, producing optimum match improved magnitude response, reduced ringing radiated pulse. preceded a programmable pulse-position modulator consists triangular pulse cascade complex first-order systems, which, turn, made up pairs employing partial positive feedback approximate Gaussian monocycle...

A Gaussian pulse generator incorporating a position modulator for use in an impulse radio ultrawideband system is described. The preceded by programmable and comprises cascade of complex first-order systems, which, turn, are made up differential pairs employing partial positive feedback. resulting PPM designed IBM 0.18 /spl mu/m Bi-CMOS IC technology. Simulations predict the correct operation circuit supply voltages 1.8 V power consumption 30 mW. output monocycle indeed approximates...

The design and analytical modeling of a high efficiency energy harvester comprising passive voltage-boosting network (VBN) switching charge pump rectifier (CPR) is presented in this paper. To improve the power conversion (PCE), VBN increases voltage at input CPR provides control signals for switching. Unlike traditional Schottky diode-connected MOS transistor rectifiers, proposed orthogonally (OS-CPR) comprises transistors as voltage-controlled switches. Analytical models OS-CPR are...

A frequency-selective, power-to-current ( P- I) broadband low-noise amplifier (FS-LNA) is presented. The use of global and/or local feedback in tandem investigated, where monolithic transformers realize the loops. Superior performance realized when and feedbacks are interwound. cascode gain stage with a current-to-current positive loop to boost power negative for impedance noise matching implemented 90 nm RF-CMOS. FS-LNA also provides at least 20 dB RF signal rejection frequencies below...

A 90nm, IR UWB, duty-cycled transceiver chipset, for operation from 7 to 9.8GHz and compliant the IEEE802.15.4a upcoming IEEE802.15.6 standard, is presented. The complete, transmitter provides +1dBm peak output power, consuming 4.4mW. receiver front-end shows -88dBm sensitivity at 0.85Mbps a digital synchronization algorithm enables real-time duty cycling, resulting in mean power consumption of 3mW.

Radar sensors find use in a wide range of applications [1–4]. Impulse radars operating below 10GHz offer opportunities including non-contact vital signs monitoring, such as breathing and heart rate, presence detection, ranging. However, the instantaneous bandwidth incurs power penalty from ADC, calling for unconventional receiver (RX) architectures [4, 5]. In practical use, received narrowband interferers, 802.11, can be much larger than echo targets, requiring an unnecessarily large RX...

A quantized analog delay is designed as a requirement for the autocorrelation function in quadrature downconversion receiver (QDAR). The comprised of quantizer, multiple binary lines and an adder circuit. Being foremost element, quantizer consists series comparators, each one comparing input signal to unique reference voltage. comparator outputs connect lines, which are cascade synchronized D-latches. available at line linked together reconstruct incoming using For time 550 ps, simulation...

In recent years ultra-wideband (UWB) radios have found increasing use in applications requiring precise ranging and localization of active tags, part due to the inherent bandwidth thereby accuracy range determination [1–4]. For same reason, UWB is a suitable technology for sensing. Radar-based sensors offer compelling modality scenarios such as user presence detection vital signs monitoring [5, 6].

A continuous-time analog delay is designed as a requirement for the autocorrelation function in quadrature downconversion receiver (QDAR). An eight-order Fade approximation of its transfer selected to implement this delay. Subsequently, orthonormal form adopted, which intrinsically semi-optimized dynamic range, has low sensitivity component mismatch, high sparsity and whose coefficients can be physically implemented. Each coefficient state-space description ladder filter implemented at...

For impulse radio ultrawideband communications an ldquoantenna plus generatorrdquo system is co-designed and on chip generator integrated into the antenna. This approach does away with need for intermediate transmission lines conventionally placed between RF device/generator antenna therefore eliminates a balun, prevents excitation of common-mode currents allows device to be mounted directly The are designed taking account both impedance matching generator's influence antenna's radiation...

In this paper, a new UWB receiver architecture is proposed. Unlike rake receiver, it does not suffer from the timing and template matching problems, circumvents processing at high frequencies, thereby reducing on-chip circuit complexity power consumption offering simple but effective narrowband interference rejection. Simulations show that with current IC technology, only shows slight, acceptable performance loss respect to ideal case.

A Gaussian pulse generator incorporating a position modulator for use in an ultra-wideband or impulse radio system is described. The preceded by programmable pulse-position and consists of cascade complex first-order systems, which, turn, are made up differential pairs employing partial positive feedback. resulting PPM has been designed to be implemented AMS 0.35/spl mu/m CMOS IC technology. Simulations predict the correct operation circuit supply voltages 3.3Vand power consumption 95mW....

A procedure to approximate wavelet bases using analog circuitry is presented. First, an approximation introduced calculate the transfer function of filter, whose impulse response required wavelet. Next, for low-power low-voltage applications, we optimize dynamic range, minimize sensitivity and fulfil sparsity requirements. The filter design that follows based on orthonormal ladder structure with log-domain integrators as main building blocks. Simulations demonstrate excellent base (i.e....

In Haddad et al. (2004), we have shown that it is feasible to design filters with arbitrary waveform responses and therefore propose an ultra-wideband pulse generator incorporating a filter Daubechies' impulse response (i.e. maximally flat over the desired frequency range). This co-designed wideband antennas. An eight-order Pade approximation of its transfer function selected implement FCC stipulated spectrum. Subsequently, orthonormal (Johns al., 1989) form adopted, which intrinsically...

This work presents an asynchronous event-driven transmitter for wireless ECG sensors node. Unlike current solutions monitoring with autonomous sensors, we propose method to transmit data from front-end, which is designed a 2-bit level-crossing analog-to-digital converter. The output bits (UD and Change) of the ADC are first combined using pulse encoder circuit then transmitted via backscattering link in 402-MHz MICS frequency band. comprises inverter delay chain controlled by signal UD,...

An analog filter is designed based upon the requirement of an interference rejection for quadrature downconversion autocorrelation receiver (QDAR). The transfer function eight-order elliptic bandpass selected. As a result, state-space approach (i.e. orthonormal form) adopted, which intrinsically semi-optimized dynamic range, has low sensitivity, high sparsity and its coefficients can be physically implemented. Each coefficient in description implemented at circuit level using novel 2-stage...

Custom designed for the IEEE802.15.4a standard, a 2-stage pseudo-differential low-noise amplifier (LNA) with notch ges 20 dB in IEEE802.11a WLAN band is presented impulse-radio ultra-wideband (ir-UWB). This band-reject LNA power-to-current (PI) configured employing reactive dual-loop negative feedback, which reduces noise figure and allows orthogonal impedance matching over prescribed bandwidth (i.e., 3.25-10.25 GHz). The fabricated 0.13 mum CMOS presents maximum power gain of 17 dB, -9 dBm...

An RF passive orthonormal ladder filter using transformers is presented, where the output obtained from a linear, weighted combination of voltages or currents at predetermined nodes branches. With this topology, arbitrary rational transfer functions can be mapped onto silicon. Key features single-input, multiple-output (SIMO) topology include low-pass to band-pass/reject transformation without doubling order and realization transmission zeros in right-half-plane (RHP) (for superior...

A broadband, frequency-selective low-noise amplifier (LNA) with at least 25 dB of rejection frequencies below the L-band (includes GPS and GSM carriers) is fabricated in a 90 nm standard CMOS process. The proposed LNA can be used for broadband impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) frequency modulated FM-UWB. (3.5-10.5 GHz) power-to-current (P-I) configured comprises nested reactive feedback loops: positive current-to-current (I-I) loop to boost power gain negative I-I impedance noise...

A low-noise amplifier for ultra wide band (UWB) applications is presented. The use of a dual-loop negative feedback topology advantageous, since it allows to achieve both impedance matching and very low noise figure, saves lot chip area as no bulky inductors are needed. nullor resistive network employed, the values elements involved defined in order fulfill noise-figure, input power-gain requirements an UWB receiver. To ensure circuit stability, frequency compensation done by means phantom...

A multi-band autonomous wireless sensor node (AWSN) with temperature monitoring is designed in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The AWSN comprises high efficiency energy harvester, power management module, temperature-to-time converter (TTC) and passive 402-MHz MICS band OOK transmitter for backscattering transmission. demonstrates sensitivity of -18.2 dBm at 13.56 MHz. harvester achieves an RF-to-DC conversion (PCE) 11.5 %. From 0 to 100 °C, the accuracy TTC are 1.5 μs/°C 0.21...