Purpose In this paper, an analysis is presented of the research funding towards nanotechnology at National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) and its relationship to output in Nanoscope, application area nanotechnology. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyzes data collected from 1997 till 2006 derives a definitive time lag between allocation funds issued patents published journals. This assessment achieved by identifying growth trends patents, publications doing curve‐fit using...

Purpose This paper aims to extend the known boundary conditions of negative binomial distribution (NBD) model, and test applicability conditional trend analysis (CTA) – a key method identify whether changes in overall sales are accounted for by previous non-buyers, light buyers or heavy industrial purchasing situations. Design/methodology/approach The study tested NBD model CTA an marketing context using 12-month data set purchases from Australian supplier range plastic resins. Findings...

Diffraction gratings are famously associated with Henry Rowland of Johns Hopkins University but there were precursors. Although first made and used in Europe, reliable machines for ruling developed the USA, two men, Lewis Rutherfurd William Rogers, tackled problem before Rowland. Rutherfurd, a wealthy independent astronomer, designed built screw-operated engine diffraction gratings, fore-runner almost all subsequent engines. With it he his assistant D. C. Chapman ruled many which generously...

SummaryDiffraction gratings have contributed enormously to modern science. Although some historians written about them, there is much more be brought light. This paper discusses their development and use in the period up 1880 before Rowland began produce them. Rittenhouse described action of a diffraction grating 1786, but no explanation was possible until wave theory light developed. Fraunhofer discovered dark lines solar spectrum 1814, then investigated diffraction, producing first ruled...

Neil Brown remembers the life and work of Science Museum Curator Senior Research Fellow Brian Bowers.

Emerging technologies are observed to have similar growth patterns in terms of the number published journals, conference articles and patents issued. This is triggered mostly by funded research. In this paper, we present an analysis research funding towards nanotechnology at National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) its relationship output nanoscope, application area nanotechnology. Our paper analyzes data collected from 1997 till 2006 derives a definitive time lag between allocation funds...

1. Neil Brown Formerly managing director at Citi Alternative Investments in New York, NY. 2. Vineet Budhraja A senior research analyst (vineet.budhraja{at}citigroup.com) 3. Rui J.P. de Figueiredo Jr. An associate professor the Haas School of Business, University California Berkeley. (rui{at}haas.berkeley.edu) 4. Ryan Meredith (ryan.meredith{at}citigroup.com) The significant growth hedge funds has garnered substantial attention—and concern—amongst observers of, and participants in, investment...

The paper begins by outlining the difficulties which faced early electrical entrepreneurs when they tried to devise methods of charging for electricity supply were fair, accurate and economic. It discusses alternatives fully metered supplies, also arguments about relative merits energy quantity meters. major part describes most important types meter how developed over a period ten years from opening in 1882 Edison's Holborn Viaduct system, where meters first used. Detailed technical...

The paper begins by outlining the difficulties which faced early electrical entrepreneurs when they tried to devise methods of charging for electricity supply were fair, accurate and economic. It discusses alternatives fully metered supplies, also arguments about relative merits energy quantity meters. major part describes most important types meter how developed over a period ten years from opening in 1882 Edison's Holborn Viaduct system, where meters first used. Detailed technical...

During a visit to Europe in the autumn of 1882, Henry Augustus Rowland, Professor Physics at Johns Hopkins University, displayed diffraction gratings produced on ruling engine he had designed and built, which were bigger much higher quality than any previously made. Some novel type, ruled concave surfaces, used simple but equally spectroscope that devised, reveal spectral lines great detail, by means photography record data more rapidly possible. Over about twenty years Rowland built three...