China's rapid urbanisation has induced large numbers of rural residents to migrate from their homes in the countryside urban areas search higher wages. As a consequence, it is estimated that more than 60 million children China are left behind and live with relatives, typically paternal grandparents. These called Left Behind Children (LBCs). There concerns about potential negative effects parental migration on academic performance LBCs could be due absence care. However, might also when...

Abstract The overall goal of this study is to examine if there a dropout problem in rural China and explore the effectiveness Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programme on rate dropping out. To meet goal, we conduct randomised controlled trial (RCT) assess impact CCT using sample poorest 300 junior high school students nationally-designated poor county Northwest China. We find that annual was 7.8 per cent even higher, 13.3 cent, among children households. demonstrate program reduces by 60...

Abstract Accumulation of human capital is indispensable to spur economic growth. If students fail acquire needed skills, not only will they have a hard time finding high-wage employment in the future but development economies which work may also stagnate owing shortage capital. The overall goal this study try understand if China ready terms education its labour force progress from middle-income high-income country status. To achieve goal, we seek share that has attained at least some upper...

Recent attention has been placed on whether computer assisted learning (CAL) can effectively improve outcomes. However, the empirical evidence of its impact is mixed. Previous studies suggest that lack an in developed countries may be attributable to substitution effort/time away from productive, in-school activities. there little how effective programme developing countries. To explore CAL programme, we conducted a clustered randomised experiment involving over 4000 third and fifth grade...

Hyperspectral images (HSIs) contain rich spectral and spatial information, motivating the development of a novel circulant singular spectrum analysis (CiSSA) multiscale local ternary pattern fusion method for joint spectral-spatial feature extraction classification. Due to high dimensionality redundancy in HSIs, principal component (PCA) is used during preprocessing reduce enhance computational efficiency. CiSSA then applied PCA-reduced robust via matrix decomposition. The features are...

AbstractAiming to provide better education facilities and improve the educational attainment of poor rural students, China's government has been merging remote primary schools into centralized village, town, or county since late 1990s. To accompany policy, boarding have constructed that allow (mandate) school-aged children live at school rather than home. More generally, there also efforts schools, especially those in counties towns. Unfortunately, little empirical work available evaluate...

Fluctuations in energy prices impact production costs and inflation. This study examines whether inflation data can predict volatility markets. Both market exhibit complex behaviour over time, including structural shifts due to demand supply shocks. Accounting for differences frequencies, we use an extended GARCH model (MIDAS) with Laguerre polynomials time-varying parameters. The empirical results demonstrate that low-frequency enhances predictability particularly during periods of high...

Abstract It is commonly believed that reading challenges should be addressed early to reduce the likelihood developmental delays will impact students over long term. However, in developing countries often have limited access resources. In this study, authors used a randomized controlled trial of 11,083 fourth‐ and fifth‐grade 120 primary schools rural China examine causal effect an in‐class library program on student outcomes academic achievement with poor resources eight‐month period. An...

Objective The purpose of this paper is to describe current practices medical waste management, including its generation, investments, collection, storage, segregation, and disposal, explore the level support from upper tiers government health care system for management in rural China. Methods authors draw on a dataset comprised 209 randomly selected township centers (THCs) 21 counties three provinces China: Anhui, Shaanxi Sichuan. Surveys were administered center administrators sample THCs...

The gender gap remains a major impediment in the path towards equality and it is especially wide low-income countries. Up to early 2000s, many studies documented extensive inequalities China: girls had poorer health, less nutrition education than their male counterparts. goal of this study examine whether persists, given that China now making transition into ranks upper-middle income We consider educational outcomes, mental physical health status, as well non-cognitive outcomes.We draw on...

For schooling to play an important role in the development of human capital, system education needs provide quality education, which among other things requires high‐quality teachers. Facing fiscal constraints and growing enrolments, school systems developing countries often supplement their teaching staff by hiring contract However, there is limited evidence on how effectiveness these teachers compares that civil service We use a dataset from rural primary schools western China estimate...

Abstract Computer assisted learning ( CAL ) programs have been shown to be effective in improving educational outcomes. However, the existing studies on almost all conducted over a short period of time. There is very little evidence how impact evolves In response, we clustered randomized experiment involving 2741 boarding students 72 rural schools C hina evaluate impacts long term. Our results indicate that program was implemented for one year and half increased math scores by 0.25 standard...

Happiness is a major factor that influences people’s perceptions and behavior. Two-stage least squares regression was applied to investigate the effect of happiness on psychological integration migrant workers in China. The data for total 1625 individuals were obtained from 2014 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS). This study describes three main aspects: happiness, life satisfaction, economic satisfaction. includes two dimensions settlement willingness, trust level; these have gone...