A detailed study of the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties Pt/C Pt/x-SnO2/C catalysts synthesized using a polyol method has been provided. series supported on SnO2-modified carbon was studied by various methods including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), methods, fuel cell testing. The SnO2 content varies from 5 to 40 wt %. TEM images, XRD XPS analysis suggested Pt-SnO2 hetero-clusters formation. ca. 10%...

The activities of Pt electrocatalysts modified with a prepared silica powder (with SiO2 contents 3 and 7 wt%) in the oxygen reduction reaction temperature range from 0 °C to 50 were investigated by rotating disk electrode technique evaluate their efficiency process cold start proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). An increase mass activity Pt-SiO2/C electrocatalyst comparison Pt/C was observed, which can be attributed more dispersed distribution platinum particles on support surface...

An important stage in the development of platinum electrocatalysts on carbon support is analysis their basic parameters. Cyclic voltammetry an effective tool for analyzing structural and electrochemical properties such electrocatalysts. Using Frumkin adsorption isotherms, contribution surface to hydrogen region was well described by three peaks corresponding different crystal structures. The screening carried out black supported black, reduced graphene oxide (RGO), nanotubes (CNTs),...

In this study, we performed small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to investigate the structure of Nafion® membranes. The effect freeze/thaw (F/T) cycles (from ambient temperature down -40 °C) on membrane nanostructure was considered for first time. SAXS measurements were taken different samples: a commercial 212 swollen in water and methanol solution, water-swollen silica-modified membrane. parameters obtained from measured profiles using model-dependent approach. It is shown that average...

Abstract The paper report on the cold start of fuel cell with proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) at – 40 °C using a catalytic heating unit integrated directly into PEMFC bipolar plates. This technical solution increases heat transfer efficiency up to 60% due direct contact membrane-electrode assembly unit, and ensure successful from an operating temperature 35 within 6 minutes air flow rate 150 mL/min. hydrogen is 45 cm 3 /s, which corresponds concentration in ca . 1.8 vol.%, below...

An electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) can be used in the fuel cycle of fusion devices for purifying (separating) and compressing (a mixture isotopes). One distinguishing features is a relatively narrow range operating pressures from high vacuum (~1-10 Pa) to several atmospheres (2-3·105 Pa), most systems, especially transmission systems (gas lines, pipelines), pressure shall not exceed atmospheric. In this study, possibility using EHP with proton exchange membrane (PEM) 0.01 – 0.30 MPa...

One of the most important problems in development proton exchange membrane fuel cells remains selection an efficient electrocatalyst support capable providing a low loading active metal with minimal changes electrochemical surface, electronic conductivity, and activity. In this work, carbon nanotube arrays (CNTAs) grown directly on commercial gas diffusion layers (GDLs) are used to form electrodes new type. The CNTAs electrode as microporous layer. catalytic layer is formed by method that...

Pt/C and Pt/x-SnO2/C catalysts (where x is mass content of SnO2) were synthesized using a polyol method. Their kinetic properties towards oxygen reduction reaction studied by rotating disk electrode (RDE) technique in temperature range from 1 to 50 °C. The SnO2 catalyst samples was 5 10 wt.%. A quick evaluation the activity, electrochemical behavior average number transferred electrons performed RDE technique. It has been shown that use x-SnO2 (through modification carbon support) binary...

One of the most important problems in development proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is selection an efficient support material to serve as electrocatalyst, which can ensure PEMFCs’ durability at low active metal loading, with minimal changes electrochemical surface and conductivity during long-term operations. Carbon nanostructures are now widely used PEMFCs such materials, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In order estimate effect geometric parameters a CNT-based on resulting...

Platinum electrocatalysts on graphene-like supports have recently attracted research interest as components of electrochemical devices based hydrogen oxidation reactions in acid media due to their improved properties, high stability, and conductivity. Within the current work, adsorption recombination effects a proton hydroxonium graphene-based electrocatalyst were investigated using density functional theory. The interaction between ions platinum surface was simulated for various...

An electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) used as part of fusion cycle systems successfully combines the processes extraction, purification and compression in single device. This work comprises novel study effect ionizing radiation on properties PEM EHP. Radiation exposure leads to nonspecific degradation membranes, changes their structure, destruction side matrix chains. The findings from this reveal that replacement sulfate groups structure carboxyl...

An electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) is a promising technology for purification and compression, instance, it can be used in the fusion devises systems with low high pressure. This study aims to determine possibility of using EHP wide pressure range (reduced particular). Experiments were carried out on «Sivka» installation that allows you set (from 0.01 0.3 MPa) anode space, perform measurements, control temperature (EC) cell 20 90°C). The dependence current-voltage curve (IV curve) space...

A complex study of the structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties Pt20/SnO210/RGO electrocatalyst is presented. The advantage chemical synthesis reduced graphene oxide (c-RGO) compared to thermal methods (t-RGO) due formation plates with amorphous carbon black agglomerates composition surface. nature interaction between platinum tin dioxide particles a conclusion about heterostructures Pt-SnO2 surface lattices excluding hetero phases has been established. This achieves high...

This review is devoted to analysis of the possibility use electrochemical energy systems at low temperatures.It not possible attain this goal without ecologically pure autonomous sources -chemical current capable operating temperatures up -60 °C which are presently under development.Renewable combined with hydrogen fuel cells can also be used for purpose, in particular and solid polymer electrolyte that already operate normally ranging from -20 +50 perspective stored lower temperatures.

Abstract This work investigates the influence of hydrogen accumulation in titanium current collectors on operating characteristics a water electrolyzer. The investigated dependence is complex and considers both concentration formed hydride Additionally, it takes into account deformation state their surface, which changes depending method charging from gas phase. As cathode increases up to 50.2 at. %, there tendency for performance electrolysis cell decrease. However, total overvoltage does...

In this paper, the effect of nanostructured coatings based on various titanium compounds as a sublayer performance characteristics electrodes in electrochemical devices was investigated. Gas diffusion layers (GDL), namely, hydrophilic carbon cloth Russian production, with catalyst applied, were used electrodes. The applied to GDL using magnetron sputtering method. This leads formation film compositions (nitrides, carbides and carbonitrides titanium) structures (dense or porous), due changes...