To perform accurate computer vision quality assessments of sperm used within reproductive medicine, a clear separation each component from the background is critical. This study systematically evaluates and compares performance Mask R-CNN, YOLOv8, YOLO11, U-Net in multi-part segmentation, focusing on head, acrosome, nucleus, neck, tail. conducts quantitative analysis using dataset live, unstained human sperm, employing multiple metrics, including IoU, Dice, Precision, Recall, F1 Score. The...

Empowering independent control of optical and acoustic modes enhancing the photon-phonon interaction, integrated photonics boosts advancements on-chip stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). However, achieving waveguides with low loss, tailorability, easy fabrication remains a challenge. Here, inspired by anti-resonance in hollow-core fibers, we propose suspended anti-resonant (SARAWs) superior confinement high selectivity modes, supporting both forward backward SBS on chip. Furthermore, this...

Optically pumped metastable rare gas lasers have been extensively investigated as promising high-energy lasers. These systems employ discharge-excited inert gases the lasing medium. Following optical pumping, a buffer gas, typically helium, is introduced to facilitate collisional population transfer p

The optically pumped rare gas laser (OPRGL) is an innovative type of laser, which has the potential to be a candidate for high-energy lasers (HELs), in metastable atoms generated by discharge are used as active particles. To realize these kinds HELs field application, high efficiency and low cost necessary. For this purpose, we demonstrated closed-chamber operation with repetitively pulsed OPRGL argon metastables. was powered home-made LC generator, provided deposition electric energy....

Direct current pulsed discharge is a promising route for producing high-density metastable particles required optically pumped rare gas lasers (OPRGLs). Such densities are easily realized in small volumes at near atmospheric pressures, but problems appear when one trying to achieve large volume of plasma high-power output. In this work, we examined the scalability argon atoms by segmented configuration. Two zones attached with peaking capacitors were connected parallelly thin wires, through...

Optically pumped metastable rare gas laser (OPRGL), as a potential high-energy has attracted much attention. During extensive research on OPRGL, the realization of volume discharge with high-metastable density always been priority and is essential to efficient lasing OPRGL. A large-volume plasma He/Ar high at atmospheric pressure can be generated by applying peaking capacitors near electrodes. In this article, 0.8 cm3 900 mBar, peak value argon higher than 1014 cm-3 was realized. The...

Abstract The exponential distribution law of the intensity tomographic particle image velocimetry (Tomo-PIV) reconstructed particles is validated via a probabilistic approach. Moreover, based on ghost and self-similarity particles, new Tomo-PIV reconstruction method proposed. In this method, are treated as noise. Furthermore, combination variational denoising methods inversediffusion equation with regularization constraint for suppression. This called suppression multiplicative algebraic...

Optically pumped metastable rare-gas laser (OPRGL) have been proposed to overcome the shortcomings of diode-pumped alkali-vapor in recent years. The OPRGL promises realize high-scale output. But how achieve enough particle density atoms is still an open problem. Usually, plasma produced by discharge serves as a gain medium OPRGL. Here this paper, we are reveal effects different parameters on properties, such argon atoms. Gas at radio frequency 13.56 MHz adopted excite Emission spectrum...

A stable narrow line-width dual-wavelength fiber laser based on nonlinear polarization rotation with a high finesse ring filter is proposed and demonstrated. polarization-dependent-isolator (PDI) section of maintaining (PMF) form an equivalent birefringent filter. Moreover, can produce due to the weak gain generated by EDF. As result, two wavelengths are which both have about 18dB extinction ratio, 16dB side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) 0.16nm 3dB line-width. Plus, less than 2 pm shift...

High metastable density is one of the research hotspots optically pumped rare gas laser (OPRGL). Considering that Ar state energy level only 20 cm<sup>–1</sup> different from Kr excited 5p[3/2]<sub>2</sub>, argon added to He/Kr discharge system. Owing long lifetime atoms, through collision resonance transfer process Ar(4s[3/2]<sub>2</sub>)→Kr(5p[3/2]<sub>2</sub>), purpose supplementing and increasing (Kr<sup>*</sup>) can be...

The metastable rare gas atoms are used as lasing species for optically-pumped laser (OPRGL), which mainly produced by electrical discharge. Radio-frequency (RF) capacitive discharge is a promising technique the continued production of large volume needed OPRGL systems. In this work, we examined feasibility using RF to produce continuous gain medium with 4 cm³. Metastable argon were measured tunable Ti: sapphire absorption spectroscopy. Simulations an $\alpha-$ mode performed...