Abstract Background Weeds represent a great constraint for agricultural production due to their remarkable adaptability and ability compete with crops. Climate change exacerbates the abiotic stresses that plants encounter. Therefore, studying plant responses adverse conditions is extremely important. Here, response saline stress at different temperatures of three weed species ( Chenopodium album , Echinochloa crus-galli Portulaca oleracea ) crops (maize, soybean rice) was investigated....

Weed management is a crucial issue in agriculture, resulting environmental in-field and off-field impacts. Within Agriculture 4.0, adoption of UASs combined with spatially explicit approaches may drastically reduce doses herbicides, increasing sustainability weed management. However, 4.0 technologies are barely adopted small-medium size farms. Recently, small low-cost UASs, together open-source software packages, represent system to map distribution crop fields. The general aim by replicable...

Pelargonic acid is the most successful natural herbicide and can contribute to reducing synthetic herbicides, but information on its efficacy contrasting. Given high cost, a reduction of rate could facilitate spread use this herbicide. Two greenhouse three field experiments were conducted evaluate herbicidal different doses pelargonic several weeds (Abutilon theophrasti, Alopecurus myosuroides, Conyza sumatrensis, Lolium rigidum, Persicaria maculosa, Setaria pumila, Solanum nigrum). Results...

Remote sensing using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for weed detection is a valuable asset in agriculture and vastly used site-specific control. Alongside methods, time-specific control another critical aspect of precision where, by different models, it possible to determine the time species emergence. This study combined methods explore their collective benefits Using AlertInf model, emergence prediction cumulative Sorghum halepense was calculated, following selection best date UAV survey...

Introduction Ambrosia artemisiifolia , a highly invasive weed species, poses significant challenges to agriculture and human health. This study investigated the germination thresholds physical properties of A. populations from diverse regions in Europe, encompassing Serbia, Croatia, Italy, France. Results revealed intriguing variations among populations. The Italian population exhibited lowest base temperature (T b ) 0.58°C, closely followed by Croatian (1.49°C), statistically similar...

The latest Hunger Hotspots Report by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) World Programme (WFP) of United Nations highlighted 16 hotspots in which food insecurity is increasing due to conflict, economic instability, extreme weather events [...]

This research aimed to evaluate the impact of ruminant digestion on viability and germination pattern seeds 9 weed species (A. theophrasti, A. myosuroides, retroflexus, sterilis, C. album, D. stramonium, E. crus-galli, L. multiflorum S. halepense). One hundred each were included in nylon bags exposed vitro procedures simulating rumen fermentation according an experimental design that considered: species, 3 incubation times artificial (12, 24 48 h), 2 diets (lactating cows, heifers), 4...

Salinization and drought pose significant challenges to agriculture in coastal regions, yet their combined impact on crop production weed proliferation remains understudied. This study investigated the influence of salinity caused by extreme droughts agricultural ecosystems Po River Delta (Italy), using remote sensing techniques soil measurement, focusing health resilience. Our findings reveal that prolonged conditions are exacerbated saline water intrusion elevated levels, particularly...

The search for new tools appear to be crucial ensure sustainable weed management and the study of allelochemicals in plants plays a strategic role eco-friendly agrochemical development. This aims, first time, identify quantify allelopathic substances aqueous extracts from leaves (BL) roots (BR) invasive species Baccharis halimifolia L. (Asteraceae) assess their phytotoxic activity at different dilutions both germination tests greenhouse pot trials Abutilon theophrasti Medik., Solanum nigrum...

Field management practices can alter the physical and chemical properties of soil, also causing changes to seed bank. Alterations occur soil microbial community, which in turn increase or diminish process weed decay. In this research, issue degradation was studied an undisturbed a no-till trying not only uncover where seeds are more degraded, but investigate activities that could be involved process. Six different species, commonly found northern Italy, were used: Abutilon theopharsti,...

Weed behaviour in crop fields has been extensively studied; nevertheless, limited knowledge is available for particular cropping systems, such as no-till systems. Improving weed management under conditions requires an understanding of the interaction between residues and seedling emergence process. This study aimed to evaluate influence maize wheat residues, applied three different quantities (1, field quantity, 0.5, 1.5-fold amounts quantity), on eight species: Abutilon theophrasti,...

Crop rotation is thought to reduce weed density and maintain species diversity, preventing the domination of few competitive weeds.In this work rotations 1, 2, 4 6 years length have been compared in a long-term experiment since 1976.In order detect effect fertilization on community evolution, specific study was performed seedbank with soil sampling 1993 2012.Results: show that not affected by or type rate, about 98% were indifferent factors applied.The dominance Portulaca oleracea increment...

Weeds can be one of the most severe threats to crop production, especially when they are widespread and highly adaptable. Part adaptive strategy plants is ability germinate in different conditions. Germination first developmental phase plant life fundamental for its establishment. In this work, germination two populations Datura stramonium L. at sites Croatia (one cropped, other non-agricultural) was tested under a wide range salinity stress, 4, 8, 12, 16 dS/m, pH values 1–9, temperature...

Iva xanthiifolia, an invasive annual weed species native to North American prairies, is agricultural problem in different parts of the world and represents a health hazard as allergen humans. This study addresses limited literature on its germination requirements, focusing base temperature, water potential, salinity tolerance. Seeds from Serbian population near Belgrade were tested various conditions. The experiments conducted using temperatures ranging 1°C 30°C potentials 0 –2 MPa, while...

Weeds are one of the major issues in agricultural production and they present most systems. Due to heterogeneity weed distribution, understanding spatial patterns is paramount for precision farming improving sustainability crop management. Nevertheless, limited information currently available about differences between conventional (CV) conservation systems (CA); moreover, opportunities use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) recognition algorithms monitor these still being explored tested. In...

Weeds can cause significant impact on agriculture and require effective management; however, traditional control measures lead to serious environmental damage. Considering both the need demand for more sustainable use of pesticides in Europe, regenerative bio solutions are gaining much attention, especially possibilities by-product usage. Here, such a possibility was examined using sawdust bark from Picea abies L., most common conifer Alpine region forestry, known generating large quantities...

Mechanical weed control, as an alternative to pesticide use, offers dual benefits in terms of environmental and economic sustainability. However, the labour resource intensity conventional methods can be mitigated through innovative technologies, such agricultural robots. This study assesses performance robot ‘Robotti 150 D’ (Agrointelli, Aarhus, Denmark), comparison a traditional tractor, focusing on its efficiency mechanical control maize field at experimental farm...

Weeds pose one of the major threats to plant production, as they can reduce yield, interfere with harvest, and host different harmful organisms. Unlike crops, weeds are characterized by great plasticity adaptability agroecosystem changes, making them an even more critical threat in a constantly changing environment. The influence climate change form stresses which plants being exposed is extensively studied yet there few studies concerning weeds. Still, considering potential weeds, represent...

As the world population reaches eight billion people with indications of further growth, food security becomes one most important topics. At same time, agriculture is facing a loss arable land, reducing production capacities. Soil salinization represents growing threat to coastal agriculture, as combination sea level rise and prolonged drought conditions. Identifying mapping areas prone this type risk might help apply precise soil meliorative techniques choose right crop grow in these soils....

<p>Weeds are one of the major problems in agriculture, they can reduce yield, interfere with harvest and serve as hosts to possibly harmful organisms. For a successful agricultural production, weed issue must be tackled begging, during germination-emergence phase. With different management systems seed bank is exposed field conditions which may favour or obstruct germination. One these presence absence crop residues on soil surface, very common newer practices, such...