We use a French firm-level data set containing 13,000 firms over the period 1994–2004 to analyze relationship between credit constraints and firms' R&D behavior business cycle. Our main results can be summarized as follows: (i) investment is countercyclical without constraints, but it becomes procyclical face tighter constraints; (ii) this result only observed for in sectors that depend more heavily upon external finance, or are characterized by low degree of asset tangibility; (iii)...

Abstract We identify the impact of intermediate goods markets imperfections on productivity downstream. Our empirical specification is based a model multifactor (MFP) growth in which effects upstream competition can vary with distance to frontier. This estimated panel fifteen OECD countries and twenty industries over 1985 2007. Competitive pressures are proxied industry product market regulation data. find evidence that anticompetitive regulations have significantly curbed MFP past years,...

In order to examine productivity waves and convergence processes, we study trends, trend breaks, levels for 13 advanced countries between 1890 2012. We highlight two waves, a big one following the second industrial revolution smaller ICT revolution. The process has been erratic, halted by inappropriate institutions, technology shocks, financial crises, above all wars, which led major level leaps, downwards experiencing war on their soil, upwards other countries. Productivity breaks have...

Based on an endogenous growth model, we show that intermediate goods markets imperfections can curb incentives to improve productivity downstream.We confirm such prediction by estimating a model of multifactor in which the effects upstream competition vary with distance frontier panel 15 OECD countries and 20 sectors over 1985-2007.Competitive pressures are proxied sectoral product market regulation data.We find evidence anticompetitive regulations have curbed MFP past years, more strongly...

Die primâre Einkommensaufteilung : eine deskriptive Feststellung Ciber einen langen Zeitraum hinweg Frage des Niveaus, das mit der Grenzrate im Vergleich zu dem in Vergangenheit beobachteten Niveau erreicht wird, wird oft diskutiert. Nach Eliminierung zunehmenden Anzahl von Arbeitnehmern wurde die Faktorenkosten usw.) werden auGerdem zur Verfeinerung Analyse herangezogen. Beobachten kann man, so scheint es, relative langfristige Stabilitât primâren Einkommensaufteilung, jedoch unter...

Croissance économique et diffusion des TIC : le cas de la France sur longue période (1980-2000) La contribution technologies l'information communication (TIC) à croissance du PIB productivité travail serait en l'ordre 0,2 0,3 % par an l'ensemble 1980- 2000. Elle aurait connu une forte augmentation seconde moitié années 1990, même temps que globale facteurs. Cette deux fois plus dans les activités services l'industrie. facteurs (PGF) a été beaucoup importante productrices utilisatrices. Nos...

We identify two counteracting effects of credit access on productivity growth: the one hand, better to makes it easier for entrepreneurs innovate; other allows less efficient incumbent firms remain longer market, thereby discouraging entry new and potentially more innovators. first develop a simple model firm dynamics innovation‐based growth with constraints, where above generate an inverted‐U relationship between growth. Then we test our theory comprehensive French manufacturing firm‐level...

Taking advantage of an original firm-level survey carried out by the Banque de France, we empirically investigate how employment ICT specialists (in-house and external) use digital technologies (cloud big data) have impact on firm productivity labor share. Our analysis relies responses in 2018 1,065 French firms belonging to manufacturing sector with at least 20 employees. To tackle potential endogeneity issues, adopt instrumental variable approach as proposed Bartik (1991 Timothy J. 1991....

Determinants of Profit Ratio in France and Other Major Industrialised Countries : Empirical Analysis Over the Period from 1970 to 2000. This study explores factors driving observed movements profit ratio several industrialised countries. It suggests following conclusions - France, returned nineties level recorded beginning seventies (after stripping out impact self-employment) ; Germany Japan, seems driven medium long term by real interest rate, relative price energy capacity utilisation...

In the years since Great Recession, many observers have highlighted slow pace of productivity growth around world. For United States and Europe, we highlight that this began prior to Recession. The timing thus suggests it is important consider factors other than just deep crisis itself or policy changes crisis. States, at frontier knowledge, there was a burst innovation reallocation related production use information technology in second half 1990s early 2000s. That ran its course...

The sustained increase in productivity gains from the spread of ICTs may potential output growth medium to long term via capital deepening effects and total factor (TFP) gains, short lagged adjustment wages gains. orders magnitude resulting assessment data presented indicate that long-term effect could be significant. However, there does not appear any empirical evidence support existence temporary medium-term effect.

We use a French firm-level panel data set over the period 1993-2004 to analyze relationship between credit constraints and firms' R&D behavior business cycle. Our main results can be summarized as follows: (i) share of investment total is countercyclical without constraints, but it becomes more procyclical firms face tighter constraints; (ii) result magnified for in sectors that depend heavily upon external finance; (iii) constrained firms, plummets during recessions does not increase...

This study aims to provide some empirical explanations for the gaps in information and communication technologies (ICT) diffusion between industrialized countries especially European USA. National macro-economic panel data are mobilized 11 OECD over 1981–2005 period. The analysis is based on factor demand estimates. It provides original results: (i) impact ICT positive level of education negative market rigidities, both increased time (in absolute terms) until mid-1990s; (ii) each country,...

This study is, to our knowledge, the first attempt infer consequences on productivity entailed by anticompetitive regulations in product and labor markets through their impacts production prices wages. Results show that changes wages at country*industry levels are informative about creation of rents impeding different ways extents. A simulation based OECD regulation indicators suggests nearly all countries could expect sizeable gains multifactor from implementation large structural reform...

Our study investigates the importance of two main channels through which upstream anti‐competitive sector regulations impact productivity growth: investments in R&D and ICT, as opposed to alternative we cannot explicitly consider for lack appropriate data such improvements skills, management organization. We specify a three equations model: an extended production function relating total factor both ICT capital, regulations, demand functions capital regulations. estimate these relations...

Hourly labour productivity, along with average hours worked, the employment rate and working-age population as a share of total population, is one accounting aggregates that determine per capita GDP. Yet according to many analyses, hourly productivity in several European countries much same or even higher than United States, while GDP markedly lower (see Cette 2004, 2005 for summary this work).

Recent economic literature has identified sizeable differences across industrialised countries in the diffusion of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) throughout production structure. This paper addresses question whether price elasticity demand for ICTs could explain why Europe lags behind United States terms ICT diffusion. We use annual macroeconomic data covering period 1975-2001 consider five countries: France, Germany, Netherlands, Kingdom States.

The productivity slowdown has been analysed either as an effect of the crisis, resulting from financial and demand shocks, or a more structural decline.In France, using macroeconomic microeconomic data, we identify downward breaks in trends labour total factor 2000s, several years before crisis.These result historically weak rhythms trends.Using data on firms located highlight that, at technological frontier, accelerated, especially over recent period, which contradicts hypothesis decline...

Welche Auswirkungen die Verbreitung der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) auf französische Wirtschaft hat, kann anhand jährlichen Daten Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung analysiert werden. Unter Zugrundelegung üblichen Hypothesen buchhaltungsmäßigen Erfassung des Wachstums wird dieser Beitrag für drei Arten von Produkten, diese neue Technologien verkörpern, bewertet: EDVGeräte, Software Kommunikationsausstattung. Verwandt wurde sogenannte Methode "hedonischen Preise", um...