A5081181140- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Botanical Research and Applications
- Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
- Sugarcane Cultivation and Processing
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
- Seedling growth and survival studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Botanical Studies and Applications
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Potato Plant Research
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Plant responses to water stress
- Growth and nutrition in plants
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
Brigham Young University
2013-2024
Hokkaido University
2019-2021
University of Louisville
2020
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2007-2018
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
2018
University of California, Davis
2018
University of Florida
2018
West Virginia University
2018
Mississippi State University
2018
Energy Biosciences Institute
2013-2014
Summary 1 We used Lolium perenne plants grown in microcosms to investigate the responses of root demography, plant N capture, soil fauna populations and microbial community profiles five organic patches containing same amount but differing their chemical physical complexity C : ratio. All were dual labelled with 15 N/ 13 C. Control contained background sand mix only. 2 There was rapid decomposition in, capture from, lowest Early experiment detected atmosphere shoots. No enrichment material....
We investigated interactions between plant roots, protozoa and nematodes after addition of patches containing inorganic or organic nitrogen in order to determine whether root proliferation could explain the capture N by from patch. Decomposition a 15 N/ 13 C, dual‐labelled, patch absence roots was also examined. In decomposing amounts C remaining co‐varied both declined with time. Nematode numbers increased. However, protozoan biomass (NO 3 − NH 4 + ) availability did not significantly alter...
• Premise of the study: Looming petroleum shortages and projected negative impacts human-induced climate change may be partly alleviated by development use bioenergy feedstock crops. Miscanthus ×giganteus, a highly productive sterile triploid hybrid grass that was discovered in Japan several decades ago, has considerable potential as an alternative source energy. Given risks, however, involved reliance upon production one clone this hybrid, which is natural cross between sacchariflorus...
Abstract Miscanthus sinensis (Anderss.) is a perennial grass species that has been grown widely as an ornamental since the late 1800s and now being considered for bioenergy production in United States. With its ability to be from seed tolerate cold climates, this offers practical advantages over current cultivars of higher‐yielding hybrid species, M. × giganteus . Yet large‐scale release colder northern regions could result new invasions into natural areas. We show, with reference historical...
Unilateral introgression from diploids to tetraploids has been hypothesized be an important evolutionary mechanism in plants. However, few examples have definitively identified, perhaps because data of sufficient depth and breadth were difficult obtain before the advent affordable high-density genotyping. Throughout Japan, tetraploid Miscanthus sacchariflorus diploid sinensis are common, occasionally hybridize. In this study, 667 M. 78 genotypes Japan characterized using 20 704 SNPs ten...
Abstract Miscanthus × giganteus (Mxg) is an important bioenergy feedstock crop, however, genetic diversity among legacy cultivars may be severely constrained. Only one introduction from Japan to Denmark of this sterile, triploid, vegetatively propagated crop was recorded in the 1930s. We sought determine if Mxg North America were all synonyms, and they derived European introduction. used 64 nuclear five chloroplast simple sequence repeat ( SSR ) markers estimate similarity for 27 accessions...
Rhamnus cathartica L. is a large shrub or small tree native throughout much of Europe and eastern Asia, but invasive in North America. In this review, the current distributions R. are documented possible factors limiting its naturalized distribution considered. Within broad distribution, occurs diverse habitats ranging from urban forests to fens. shade tolerant, prefers disturbed areas with moist, not saturated, soils may have an affinity for alkaline high calcium carbonate.
Abstract Inadequate plant nutrition and biotic stress are key threats to current future crop yields. Zinc (Zn) deficiency toxicity in major plants have been documented, but there is limited information on how pathogen pest damage may be affected by differing Zn levels. In our study, we used soybean as a host, pest, three pathogens determine whether levels change disease assessments. Two cultivars were grown sand culture with soluble nutrient solution that ranged from Zn‐deficient toxic....
Abstract 1. Plant responses after addition of nitrogen‐rich complex organic material ( Lolium perenne L. shoots), differing in physical (coarsely cut or finely ground) and spatial (uniform dispersion discrete patches) heterogeneity, were examined. 2. The was added to microcosm units containing Poa pratensis as monocultures mixed swards order examine how species composition affected exploitation the 15 N‐labelled N source. 3. Capture (as N) from followed by harvesting individual shoots....
Species in the Miscanthus genus have been proposed as biofuel crops that potential to mitigate elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and nitrous oxide (N2O) methane (CH4) emissions. sinensis is widespread throughout Japan has used for biomass production centuries. We assessed (C) budget N2O CH4 emissions over growing season 2 years a M. sinensis-dominated grassland was naturally established around 1972 Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan, which near northern limit establishment on...
Abstract Many perennial bioenergy grasses have the potential to escape cultivation and invade natural areas. We quantify dispersal, a key component in invasion, for two candidates: Miscanthus sinensis M. × giganteus . For each species, approximately 1 10 6 caryopses dispersed anemochorously from point source into traps placed annuli near (0.5 5 m; 1.6 16.4 ft) arcs (10 400 m) prevailing wind direction. both most (95% 77% ) were captured within 50 m of source, but small percentage (0.2 3%) at...
Nutrient resorption from senescing leaves enables plants to conserve nutrients. Low foliar‐nitrogen (N) levels have been estimated in past studies for some N‐fixing woody plant taxa. To determine whether this trait is characteristic of temperate species, N‐resorption proficiency estimates were derived several species during two seasons central Illinois, United States. Nutrient‐resorption proficiencies measured 24 temperate‐deciduous plants. Thirteen actinorhizal and three non‐N‐fixing...
Global soil carbon (C) stocks account for approximately three times that found in the atmosphere. In Aso mountain region of Southern Japan, seminatural grasslands have been maintained by annual harvests and/or burning more than 1000 years. Quantification C and sequestration rates ecosystem is needed to make well-informed, land-use decisions maximize sinks while minimizing emissions. Soil cores were collected from six sites within 200 km(2) (767-937 m asl.) surface down k-Ah layer established...
Abstract Miscanthus ×giganteus (M×g) is an important bioenergy feedstock crop. However, biomass production of has been largely limited to one sterile triploid cultivar, M×g ‘1993‐1780’, which we demonstrate can have insufficient overwintering ability in temperate regions with cold winters. Key objectives for breeding include greater yield and better adaptation different environments than ‘1993‐1780’. In this study, evaluated 13 genotypes, including replicated field trials conducted three...
Abstract Although fire has been used for several thousand years to maintain Miscanthus sinensis grasslands in Japan, there is little information about the nutrient dynamics these ecosystems immediately after burning. We investigated loss of aboveground biomass; carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics; surface soil C change before burning; dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 nitrous oxide (N O) fluxes h burning a M. grassland Kumamoto, Japan. calculated average N accumulation rates within profile...
In recent years, biocontainers have been marketed as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based containers in the green industry. However, constructed with plant materials that are highly porous nature (e.g., peat, wood fiber, straw) tend require more frequent irrigation than conventional plastic products. As water sources become less abundant and expensive, growers must consider consumption any assessment of their economic environmental viability. This project evaluated growth total for...