Object Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) continues to be a major source of morbidity in patients despite significant clinical and basic science research. Efforts prevent by removing spasmogens from the space have produced mixed results. The authors hypothesize that lumbar cisternal drainage can remove blood basal spaces more effectively than an external ventricular drain (EVD). This nonrandomized, controlled-cohort study was undertaken evaluate effectiveness with SAH...

Abstract: Dopaminergic innervation of the caudate nucleus in adult rats can be partially restored by grafting embryonic substantia nigra into overlying parietal cortex with concomitant compensation certain behavioral abnormalities. In this study function such grafts was investigated neurochemically quantification transmitter metabolism and glucose utilization reinnervated target. Rats unilateral 6‐hydroxydopamine lesions nigrostriatal bundle received a single graft to dorsal caudateputamen...

To test the reliability of four previously proposed MRI criteria for diagnosis MS, we reviewed 1,500 consecutive brain scans presence, number, size, and location areas increased signal (AIS) on proton-density T₂-weighted images, unaware patients9 clinical presentations ages. This series included 134 subjects with a MS. Relying exclusively presence at least three or AIS positive MS resulted in high sensitivity (90% 87% four) but inadequate specificity (71% 74% predictive value (23%...

OBJECTIVE Intracranial dermoid cysts are pathologically characterized by a thick, stratified squamous epithelium cyst wall containing dermal elements. Rupture into the subarachnoid spaces and ventricles is extremely rare. We review clinical, radiographic, surgical features of eight ruptured cysts. METHODS retrospectively evaluated five surgically treated patients with proven Clinic notes, operative reports, neuroimaging, including initial computed tomographic magnetic resonance imaging...

OBJECTIVE Dural sinus thrombosis (DST) is an uncommon cause of stroke. The safest and most effective therapy for DST has not been conclusively identified. METHODS A retrospective chart review data 31 patients who were treated at our institution between 1992 2001 was performed. Four treatment strategies identified, i.e., 1) medical observation only, 2) systemic anticoagulation (AC) with heparin, 3) endovascular chemical thrombolysis urokinase or tissue plasminogen activator concurrent AC...

In order to determine how fluid percussion injury (FPI) effect is distributed throughout the brain, and assess extent which individual brain nuclei regions are affected, pattern of blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown was determined in groups with different cannula locations. Injury canulas were placed either at midline, or 2 4 mm side. One hour following FPI, animals given horseradish peroxidase (HRP) brains stained using TMB method. The distribution HRP leakage varied considerably depending...

Dabigatran etexilate is an oral anticoagulant that acts as a direct, competitive thrombin inhibitor. Large randomized clinical trials have shown higher doses of dabigatran (150 mg taken twice daily) to be superior warfarin in terms stroke and systemic embolism rates patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. As result, 2010 the US FDA approved use for prevention especially attractive outpatient setting because do not require routine monitoring prothrombin times or international...

Object Infection represents the most common serious complication of shunt surgery, and typically its incidence ranges between 5 15%, despite use systemic antibiotic agents. Because medications generally penetrate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) poorly, authors investigated, in a controlled study, whether addition intraventricular treatment decreases perioperative infection adult patients. Methods Data pertaining to all CSF procedures conducted at authors’ institution during an 11-year period were...

Nerve sheath tumors that involve the sacrum are rare. Delayed presentation is common because of their slow-growing nature, permissive surrounding anatomical environment, and nonspecific symptoms. Consequently, these usually considerable size at time diagnosis. The authors discuss a case sacral nerve tumor. They also propose classification scheme for based on location with respect to into three types (Types I–III). Type I confined sacrum; II originate within but then locally metastasize...

OBJECTIVE Overlapping surgery—the performance of parts 2 or more surgical procedures at the same time by a single lead surgeon—has recently come under intense scrutiny, although data on effects overlapping patient outcomes are lacking. The authors examined impact surgery complication rates in neurosurgical patients. METHODS conducted retrospective review consecutive nonemergent performed during period from May 12, 2014, to 2015, any 5 senior neurosurgeons institution who were authorized...

The authors report the case of a previously healthy 6-month-old girl who presented with right arm and leg stiffening consistent seizure activity. An initial CT scan head demonstrated acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in basal cisterns extending into left sylvian fissure. Computed tomography angiography 7 × 6 5–mm saccular aneurysm inferior M 2 division middle cerebral artery. patient underwent craniotomy microsurgical clip ligation wrapping neck because vessel appeared circumferentially...

Hypertension may increase tortuosity or twistedness of arteries. We applied a centerline extraction algorithm and metric to magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) brain images quantitatively measure the arterial vessel centerlines. The most commonly used is distance factor (DFM). This study tested DFM based measurement's ability detect increases in hypertensives using existing images. Existing presented challenges such as different resolutions which affect measurement, depths area imaged,...

✓ Basilar artery (BA) injury has been reported in a number of cases as major complication third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus. This report describes the deployment pulsed-wave microvascular Doppler probe through endoscope to locate BA complex and subsequently select safe zone perforation ventricular floor. procedure is quick easily learned, it hoped that can decrease risk vascular during ventriculostomy.