A new model for a viable battery swapping station is proposed to minimize its cost by determining the optimized charging schedule swapped electric vehicle (EV) batteries. The aim an objective function considering three factors: number of batteries taken from stock serve all orders incoming EVs, potential damage with use high-rate chargers, and electricity different time period day. mathematical formulated process following constant-current/constant-voltage strategy. An integrated algorithm...

In this paper, an improvement for comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (CLPSO) is presented, which called adaptive (A-CLPSO). Its ability to seek optimal point verified by some kinds of test functions. Then, the A-CLPSO used guide antenna design and a new model semiautomatic introduced. This contains two steps: rough in employed obtain digital configuration antenna, precise continuous externality introduced according current distribution one then its dimensions are optimized...

This paper presents an innovative four-step method to analyze and design optimal energy management strategy for a power split train hybrid vehicle. A dynamical system theory is introduced formulate the problem of vehicle control that incorporates both continuous discrete dynamics. The sequential quadratic programming (SQP) proposed optimize distribution. dynamic employed solve operating mode transitions. rule-based fuzzy rule are developed based on statistical numerical solutions. genetic...

Polarity reversal generally enhances the electric field intensity in oil-pressboard composite insulation, leading to partial discharge and even insulation flashover or breakdown of HVDC converter transformer. In an attempt study transient oil at polarity reversal, present research adopted Kerr electro-optic effect technique conduct real-time measurement fields time 10, 60 120 s respectively. Dielectric interface conditions were also capture dynamic development space charges. Research results...

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a novel event‐triggered adaptive asymptotic tracking control (ATC) method for stochastic non‐linear systems with unknown hysteresis. Firstly, in order to reduce the depletion of network resources while optimizing performance system, switching threshold mechanism (STM)‐based (ETC) strategy is adopted. Secondly, first‐order filter utilized address problem contradiction between (ETM) output and rate‐dependent hysteresis actuator input. By incorporating an enhanced...

Converter transformers use oil-pressboard as their main dielectric medium and are operated mainly in AC-DC combined electric field. For insulation, the field under DC voltage shows distinctive characteristics from that AC Compared to conventional power transformers, filed distribution converter is much more complicated remains a big challenge for optimization of insulation design. Existing simulation research this falls short experimental verification limitations design transformers. This...

Dissolved gas analysis (DGA)in power transformers is related to the degradation of insulation materials and dissolved methane (CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> )is a symbol low energy electrical or thermal faults in transformer oil. Conventional online DGA equipment suffers from problems such as cross sensitivity, electromagnetic compatibility reliability. Based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS)...

Profiting from its remarkable maneuverability and efficiency, the four-wheeled autonomous mobile robot (FAMR) is appealing for intelligent manufacturing automation applications. However, suppression of unknown disturbances system uncertainties remains a challenge formulating precise trajectory-tracking control scheme. This paper achieves anti-disturbance direct yaw moment developed FAMR by proposing robust super-twisting sliding mode controller (RSSMC) to enhance dynamic tracking disturbance...

The Resistive-Capacitive (RC) model has been widely adopted for analysis of the electric field in oil-pressboard insulation under DC voltage. However, studies this regard have indicated that charge polarity effect insulation, namely stronger adsorption negative charges by pressboard, could not be adequately captured RC model. In order to analyze with due consideration effect, present paper Kerr electro-optic techniques measured oil spacing voltage two experiments models Model I having...

Map data are widely used in mobile services, but most maps might not be complete. Updating the map automatically is an important problem because road networks frequently changed with development of city. This paper studies recovering missing segments via GPS trajectories, especially low sampled data. Our approach takes noise into consideration and proposes effective self-adaptive algorithm. Besides, we propose theoretical models behind all parameters to enable parameter setting. To best our...

This paper proposes a new electric vehicle (EV) charging scheduling and control system for parking lot (PL), which would minimize the PL's electricity cost of recharging all EVs. is to determine an optimal schedule each incoming EV by allocating quantities time slots considering varied price during day. The satisfy EV's rate limit transformer limit. heuristics & proportion-based assignment (HPBA) method generate initial population, adapts particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm solve...

The results of an experimental investigation into the influence impurities on electrification in insulating liquids a tube model under external dc field effect is described. Both conduction and streaming currents were measured as function temperature flow rate using paper-pressboard with concentric cylindrical electrode geometry. Positive or negative voltage was applied to inner electrode. current from shielded test chamber ground Energization by positive always enhanced electrification;...