A5089583406- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine and fisheries research
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Climate variability and models
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Marine and environmental studies
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2011-2025
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere
2011-2025
University of Tasmania
2013-2025
Australian Antarctic Division
2020-2025
Health Sciences and Nutrition
2020-2023
Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research
2020-2022
William & Mary
2015-2021
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre
2011-2020
Seth Research Foundation
2020
Virginia Aquarium & Marine Science Center
2018
Abstract The current generation of Earth system models used by the United Nations to project future climate scenarios (CMIP6) relies heavily on marine biogeochemical track fate carbon absorbed into oceans. Here we compare 11 CMIP6 and find largest source inter-model uncertainty in their representation cycle is phytoplankton-specific loss rates zooplankton grazing. This over three times larger than that net primary production driven large differences prescribed grazing dynamics. We run a...
Abstract. The coastal ocean is a crucial link between land, the open and atmosphere. shallowness of water column permits close interactions sedimentary, aquatic atmospheric compartments, which otherwise are decoupled at long time scales (≅ 1000 yr) in oceans. Despite prominent role oceans absorbing CO2 transferring it into deep via continental shelf pump, underlying mechanisms remain only partly understood. Evaluating observations from North Sea, NW European sea, we provide evidence that...
[1] Underway and in situ observations of surface ocean pCO2, combined with satellite data, were used to develop pCO2 regional algorithms analyze the seasonal interannual variability sea-air CO2 flux for five physically biologically distinct regions eastern North American continental shelf: South Atlantic Bight (SAB), Mid-Atlantic (MAB), Gulf Maine (GoM), Nantucket Shoals Georges Bank (NS+GB), Scotian Shelf (SS). Temperature dissolved inorganic carbon are most influential factors driving...
We present an Arctic seasonal survey of carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO 2 ) dynamics within sea ice brine and related air‐ice CO fluxes. The was carried out from early spring to the beginning summer in coastal waters Amundsen Gulf. High concentrations pCO (up 1834 μ atm) were observed April as a consequence concentration solutes brines, CaCO 3 precipitation microbial respiration. detected through anomalies total alkalinity (TA) dissolved inorganic (DIC). This seems have occurred highly...
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Abstract Dense shelf water formed in the Mertz Polynya supplies lower limb of global overturning circulation, ventilating abyssal Indian and Pacific Oceans. Calving Glacier Tongue (MGT) February 2010 altered regional distribution ice reduced size activity polynya. The salinity density dense declined abruptly after calving, consistent with a reduction sea formation Breakout melt thick multiyear released by movement iceberg B9B MGT freshened near‐surface waters. input meltwater likely enhanced...
During a year‐round occupation of Amundsen Gulf in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC), total alkalinity (TA), partial pressure CO 2 (pCO ) related parameters were measured over full annual cycle. A two‐box model was used to identify assess physical, biological, chemical processes responsible for seasonal variability DIC, DOC, TA, pCO . Surface waters undersaturated with respect atmospheric throughout year constituted net sink 1.2 mol C m −2 yr...
Abstract Polar oceans are chemically sensitive to anthropogenic acidification due their relatively low alkalinity and correspondingly weak carbonate buffering capacity. Here, we compare unique CO 2 system observations covering complete annual cycles at an Arctic (Amundsen Gulf) Antarctic site (Prydz Bay). The experiences greater seasonal warming (10 vs 3°C) freshening (3 2), has lower (2220 2320 μmol/kg) summer pH (8.15 8.5), than the site. Despite a larger uptake of inorganic carbon by...
The Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), which covers the northern half of Southern Ocean between Subtropical and Fronts, is important for air‐sea CO 2 exchange, ventilation lower thermocline, nutrient supply global ocean productivity. Here we present first high‐resolution autonomous observations mixed layer partial pressure ( p ) hydrographic properties covering a full annual cycle in SAZ. amplitude seasonal (∼60 μatm), from near‐atmospheric equilibrium late winter to ∼330 μatm midsummer, results...
Abstract. A quantification of carbon fluxes in the coastal ocean and across its boundaries with atmosphere, land, open is important for assessing current state projecting future trends uptake acidification, but this currently a missing component global budgeting. This synthesis reviews recent progress characterizing these North American ocean. Several observing networks high-resolution regional models are now available. Recent efforts have focused primarily on quantifying net air–sea...
Abstract. We develop an algorithm to compute pCO2 in the Scotian Shelf region (NW Atlantic) from satellite-based estimates of chlorophyll-a concentration, sea-surface temperature, and observed wind speed. This is based on a high-resolution time-series observations autonomous mooring. At mooring location (44.3° N 63.3° W), surface waters act as source CO2 atmosphere over annual scale, with outgassing −1.1 mol C m−2 yr−1 2007/2008. A hindcast air-sea fluxes 1999 2008 reveals significant...
From 23 October 2007 to 1 August 2008, we made continuous measurements of sea surface partial pressure CO 2 ( p sw ) in three regions the southeastern Beaufort Sea (Canada): Amundsen Gulf, Banks Island Shelf, and Mackenzie Shelf. All are seasonally ice covered, with mobile winter an early spring opening that defines them as polynya regions. Gulf was characterized by undersaturated (with respect atmosphere) late fall, followed under‐ice increase near saturation winter, a return...
From sea‐ice formation in November 2007 to onset of ice melt May 2008, we studied the carbonate system first‐year Arctic sea ice, focusing on impact calcium‐carbonate (CaCO 3 ) saturation states aragonite (ΩAr) and calcite (ΩCa) at ice‐water interface (UIW). Based total inorganic carbon (C T alkalinity (A ), derived pH, CO 2 , ion ([CO 2− ]) concentrations Ω, investigated major drivers such as brine rejection, CaCO precipitation, bacterial respiration, primary production ‐gas flux brine,...
Abstract The isotopic, taxonomic, and nutrient dynamics of protist communities at the bottom first‐year sea ice were studied for a wide range conditions during spring‐summer transition in southeast Beaufort Sea. In ice, total abundance ranged from 0.07 to 9.94 × 10 9 cells m –2 chlorophyll biomass 0.33 110 mg . Both variables positively related concentrations nitrate, silicic acid, phosphate ice‐water interface, with r 2 values between 0.63 0.79. Results showed that δ 13 C sympagic...
Dense shelf water (DSW) is formed in East Antarctica from enhanced sea‐ice production driven by air‐sea interaction coastal polynyas. Cross‐shelf export and downslope mixing of this DSW produces Antarctic Bottom Water, contributing to the lower limb global overturning circulation. We present biogeochemical observations Mertz Polynya region summer 2007/2008, with additional spring 2001 winter 1996. The seasonal changes mixed‐layer carbonate chemistry are a combination CO 2 exchange,...
Abstract In the Southern Ocean, polynyas exhibit enhanced rates of primary productivity and represent large seasonal sinks for atmospheric CO 2 . Three contrasting east Antarctic were visited in late December to early January 2017: Dalton, Mertz, Ninnis polynyas. Mertz polynyas, phytoplankton biomass (average 322 354 mg chlorophyll a (Chl )/m , respectively) net community production (5.3 4.6 mol C/m approximately 3 times those measured Dalton polynya 122 Chl /m 1.8 ). Phytoplankton...
Abstract Despite the important role of alkalinity in estuarine carbon cycling, seasonal and decadal variability alkalinity, particularly within multiple tidal tributaries same estuary, is poorly understood. Here we analyze more than 25,000 measurements, mostly from 1980s 1990s, major Chesapeake Bay, a large, coastal‐plain estuary eastern North America. The long‐term means tidal‐fresh waters vary by factor 6 among seven tributaries, reflecting nontidal rivers draining to these estuaries. At...
Abstract. The Chesapeake Bay is a large coastal-plain estuary that has experienced considerable anthropogenic change over the past century. At regional scale, land-use doubled nutrient input from rivers and led to an increase in riverine carbon alkalinity. bay also global changes, including rise of atmospheric temperature CO2. Here we seek understand relative impact these changes on inorganic balance between early 1900s 2000s. We use linked land–estuarine–ocean modeling system includes both...
Abstract The subantarctic zone is an important region in the Southern Ocean with respect to its influence on air‐sea CO 2 exchange and global ocean carbon cycle. However, understanding of magnitude drivers flux are still being refined. Using observations from Time Series (SOTS) station (∼47°S, 142°E) auxiliary data, we developed a multiple linear regression model compute sea surface partial pressure (pCO ) over past two decades. mean amplitude pCO seasonal cycle between 2004 2021 was 44 μatm...