Abstract: Prostate cancer exhibits intra-tumoral heterogeneity that we hypothesize to be the leading confounding factor contributing underperformance of current pre-treatment clinical-pathological and genomic assessment. These limitations impose an urgent need develop better computational tools identify men with low risk prostate versus others may at for developing metastatic cancer. The patient stratification will directly translate treatments, wherein decisions regarding active...

Radiomic features extracted from diverse MRI modalities have been investigated regarding their predictive and/or prognostic value in a variety of cancers. With the aid 3D realistic digital phantom brain, aim this study was to examine impact pulse sequence parameter selection on MRI-based textural parameters brain.MR images employed were realized with SimuBloch, simulation package made for fast generation image sequences based Bloch equations. Pulse being consisted spin echo (SE), gradient...

Definitive radiotherapy (RT) has been shown to be a successful method of treating prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Through radiomics, quantitative analysis medical images, it is possible adapt treatment early on, which may prevent or mitigate future adverse events. During RT PCa, low-field magnetic resonance (MR) taken with LINAC onboard imaging system in process known as resonance-guided (MRgRT), are used improve accuracy via superior setup compared x-ray methods. This work investigated...

Abstract Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were measured in a rat spinal cord weight‐drop injury model. After sacrifice, the cords fixed situ and excised for MR imaging ADC measurement. Diffusion is anisotropic normal gray white matter. There significant decreases ADCs along longitudinal axis of injured increases transverse to cord. Injured segments demonstrated reductions anisotropy was completely isotropic at epicenter injury. Significant observed portions which appeared on...

Abstract Radiomics features extracted from oncological PET images are currently under intense scrutiny within the context of risk stratification for a variety cancers. However, lack robustness assessment poses problems their application across institutions and broader patient populations. The objective current study was to examine extent which radiomics parameters vary in response manual contouring variability lung cancer. Imaging data employed consisted 26 scans with lesions being created...

MRI-linear accelerator (MRI-Linac) systems allow for daily tracking of MRI changes during radiotherapy (RT). Since one common MRI-Linac operates at 0.35 T, there are efforts towards developing protocols that field strength. In this study we demonstrate the implementation a post-contrast 3DT1-weighted (3D-T1w) and dynamic contrast-enhancement (DCE) protocol to assess glioblastoma response RT using T MRI-Linac. The implemented was used acquire 3D-T1w DCE data from flow phantom two patients...

Data on the incidence of tooth loss in community-dwelling older Canadians have not previously been reported. Since recent US studies adults were conducted predominantly rural communities, their results may be generalizable to Canada, where majority live major metropolitan or urban settings. This paper describes a study designed estimate and identify factors predictive that loss. Using personal interviews clinical examinations, we obtained baseline three-year follow-up data from 491 dentate...

Radiation therapy (RT) plays a critical role in the treatment of glioblastoma. Studies brain imaging during RT for glioblastoma have demonstrated changes RT. However, frequent or daily utilization standalone magnetic resonance (MRI) scans limited feasibility. The recent release tri-cobalt-60 MRI-guided (MR-IGRT) device (ViewRay MRIdian, Cleveland, OH) allows MRI setup. Daily three postoperative patients undergoing and temozolomide over six-week course allowed identification to cavity, edema,...

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential and feasibility radiomic features extracted from low field strength (0.35 T) magnetic resonance images (MRIs) in predicting treatment response for patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Methods Twenty unresected, non‐metastatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were enrolled, all whom received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by five‐fraction MR‐guided SBRT a radiation dose range 33−50 Gy. For...

PurposeThe gold nanoparticle (GNP) as a promising theranostic probe has been increasingly studied. The tumor-targeting efficiency of GNPs is crucial to increase the therapeutic ratio. In this study, we developed PSMA-targeted enhance GNP uptake in prostate cancer and an x-ray fluorescence imaging system noninvasively monitor assess delivery.Methods MaterialsFor targeted therapy cancer, anti–prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) antibodies were conjugated onto PEGylated through...

During radiation therapy (RT) of glioblastoma, daily MRI with combination MRI–linear accelerator (MRI–Linac) systems has demonstrated significant anatomic changes, including evolving post-surgical cavity shrinkage. Cognitive function RT for brain tumors is correlated doses to healthy structures, especially the hippocampi. Therefore, this study investigates whether adaptive planning shrinking target could reduce normal dose goal improving post-RT function. We evaluated 10 glioblastoma...

Abstract We used a numerical simulation of water self‐diffusion among permeable cylinders to predict the dependence MR‐based apparent diffusion coefficients in white matter on axonal separation, barrier permeability, and time (T). The transverse coefficient (tADC), calculated with simulated diffusion‐sensitizing gradients perpendicular axon fibers, remains function T down times as short .1 μsec for range permeability. As lengthens, response tADC depends diameter, decreases occurring...

Abstract A magnetostatic model consisting of a tetragonal lattice struts diamagnetic material, mimicking vertebral trabecular bone, was developed. The allows estimation the magnetic field histogram within lattice's unit cell as function geometric parameters. computed analytically from induced surface charge density on faces struts. contribution to effective transverse relaxation rate, R 2 obtained mean decay rate Fourier transformed histograms, for both fixed and randomly oriented lattices....

To demonstrate the feasibility of using a myeloperoxidase (MPO)-specific paramagnetic magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent to identify active inflammation in an animal model common carotid artery (CCA) aneurysm.All experiments were approved by institutional care and use committee. Elastase-induced saccular aneurysms created at root right CCA 16 New Zealand white rabbits. Intramural perivascular injection Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was performed with endovascular approach...

We present a radiomics-based approach developed for the SPIE-AAPM-NCI PROSTATEx challenge. The task was to classify clinically significant prostate cancer in multiparametric (mp) MRI. Data consisted of "training dataset" (330 suspected lesions from 204 patients) and "test (208 lesions/140 patients). All studies included T2-weighted (T2-W), proton density-weighted, dynamic contrast enhanced, diffusion-weighted imaging. Analysis images performed using MIM imaging platform (MIM Software,...

Background/Hypothesis MRI-guided online adaptive radiotherapy (MRI-g-OART) improves target coverage and organs-at-risk (OARs) sparing in radiation therapy (RT). For patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) undergoing RT, changes bladder rectal filling contribute to large inter-fraction volume motion. We hypothesized that deep learning (DL) convolutional neural networks (CNN) can be trained accurately segment gross tumor (GTV) OARs both planning daily fractions’ MRI scans....

This paper reports the results of a study to assess value an area-based measure socioeconomic status in dental health services research.Data on oral were collected using telephone interview survey random sample persons aged 50 years and older living independently Ontario, Canada. Postal codes computerized census database used identify mean household income enumeration area which each subject lived. Analyses undertaken determine extent substitutes for supplements self-reported predicting...

Purpose Radiomic features of cone‐beam CT (CBCT) images have potential as biomarkers to predict treatment response and prognosis for patients prostate cancer. Previous studies radiomic feature analysis cancer were assessed in a variety imaging modalities, including MRI, PET, CT, but usually limited pretreatment setting. However, CBCT may provide an opportunity capture early morphological changes the tumor during that could lead timely adaptation. This work investigated quality CBCT‐based...

Active targeting gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are a very promising avenue for cancer treatment with many publications on AuNP mediated radiosensitization at kilovoltage (kV) photon energies. However, uncertainty the effectiveness of AuNPs under clinically relevant megavoltage (MV) radiation energies hinders clinical translation AuNP-assisted therapy (RT) paradigm. The aim this study was to investigate by PSMA-targeted irradiated 6 MV beam different depths explore feasibility prostate RT...