Abstract Innovative research and diagnostic techniques for biological testing have advanced during recent years because of the development semiconductor nanocrystals. Although these commercially available, fluorescent nanocrystals a protective organic coating, inner core contains cadmium selenium. Because metals potential detrimental environmental effects, concerns been raised over our lack understanding about fate products. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency test protocol fluorescence...

Synaptic activity-dependent changes in the spatio-temporal distribution of calcium ions regulate important neuronal functions such as dendritic integration and synaptic plasticity, but processes that terminate free Ca 2+ transients associated with these remain unclear. We have characterized at electron microscopic level intracellular compartments involved buffering cytoplasm CA3 neurons by measuring larger concentrations total persist for several minutes after activity. Quantitative...

ABSTRACT Because of their small size, robust structure and unique characteristics, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly being used in a variety biomedical applications, materials products. As use increases, so does the probability unintended release human exposure. Therefore, it is important to establish potential biodistribution biopersistence better understand effects exposure humans. This study examines distribution CNTs CD‐1 mice after by inhalation single‐walled (SWCNTs)...

Because of their unique physical, optical, and mechanical properties, nanomaterials hold great promise in improving on a wide variety current technologies. Consequently, use research consumer products is increasing rapidly, contamination the environment with various seems inevitable. surface waters receive pollutants contaminants from many sources including nanoparticles act as reservoirs conduits for environmental contaminants, understanding potential impacts organisms within these...

Abstract The toxic effects of mercury are known to be complex with specific enzyme inhibitions and subsequent oxidative stress adding the damaging effects. There likely other factors involved, such as development impaired metal ion homeostasis depletion thiol- selenium-based metabolites cysteine selenium. Much toxicity occurs at intracellular level via binding Hg2+ thiol groups in proteins. Therefore, amelioration by use chelation would enhanced a chelator that could cross cell membrane...

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) proves to be useful in the analysis of neural activity, as it allows for identification distinct sources activity. Applied measurements registered a controlled setting and under exposure an external stimulus, can facilitate impact stimulus on those sources. The link between given source verified by classifier that is able "predict" condition signal was under, solely based components. However, ICA's assumption about statistical independence often...

As the production and use of nanomaterials increases, it is important to understand their environmental biological fate. Because unmatched chemical, physical, optical properties make them useful in a wide variety applications including biomedical imaging, photo-voltaics, light emitting diodes, semiconductor nanocrystals such as quantum dots (QDs) increasing rapidly. Although QDs hold great potential industrial consumer applications, implications these particles largely unexplored. The...

Polyisobutylene is an industrial polymer that widely used in a number of applications including the manufacture military grade explosives. We have examined vapor emanating from series different molecular weight samples polyisobutylene using high resolution Quantum Cascade Laser FM spectroscopy. The phase spectra all exhibit rovibrational structure similar to for gas isobutylene molecule. assigned 890 cm^-1 and 1380 regions ν₂₈ ν₇ fundamental bands...

The rapidly growing applications of nanotechnology products demand urgent development more sensitive, rapid and accurate methods for evaluation nano-product safety toxicity minimization. In particular, despite dramatic progress in the various nanoparticles (NPs) biosensing, imaging, drug gene delivery, tissue engineering, cancer infection therapy, challenges efficient safe NP practical are still significant. These include a lack understanding application-specific functionalization, NP–cell...

Prenatal exposure to the constituents of cigarette smoke (maternal smoking) is known have deleterious effects on health. We report maternal smoking expression nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits in striatum. Pregnant dams were exposed (350 ml/exp, 3 exp/day) from gestational day 4 through parturition. Brain regions harvested male and female prepubertal (PND 20), pubertal 35) post‐pubertal 60) pups unexposed dams. RNA was extracted tissue samples using a Promega Maxwell 16.....