A5059345639- Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
- Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Hydrogen Storage and Materials
- Machine Learning in Materials Science
- CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Phonetics and Phonology Research
- Metal Extraction and Bioleaching
- Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
- Advanced battery technologies research
- Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques
- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Speech and dialogue systems
Hydrogenics (Belgium)
2023-2024
University of California, Irvine
2020-2023
Irvine University
2020-2021
Abstract There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations spatial temporal distribution liquid in cells. We provide direct evidence for accumulation at anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling loss, as well cell dryout from undesirably low content...
We present ultralow Ir-loaded (ULL) proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) cells that can produce enough hydrogen to largely decarbonize the global natural gas, transportation, and electrical storage sectors by 2050, using only half of annual Ir production for PEMWE deployment. This represents a significant improvement in PEMWE's potential, enabled careful control anode catalyst layer (CL), including its mesostructure dispersion. Using commercially relevant membranes (Nafion...
Understanding the relationships between porous transport layer (PTL) morphology and oxygen removal is essential to improve polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer (PEWE) performance. Operando X-ray computed tomography machine learning were performed on a model at different flow rates current densities determine how these operating conditions alter in PTLs. We report direct observation of taking preferential pathways through PTL, regardless rate or density (1-4 A/cm2). Oxygen distribution PTL...
The efficient and cost-effective production of green hydrogen is essential to decarbonize heavily polluting sectors such as transportation heavy manufacturing industries metal refining. Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) the most promising rapidly maturing technology for producing at a scale on demand. However, substantial cost reduction by lowering precious catalyst loadings efficiency improvement necessary lower produced hydrogen. Porous transport layers (PTLs) play...
To enable gigawatt-scale deployment of proton exchange membrane water electrolysers (PEMWEs), drastic reductions from current iridium loadings 2–3 mg Ir cm −2 to less than 0.4 must occur due iridium's high cost and scarcity. State-of-the-art systems use these compensate for degradation experienced over prolonged operation. Thus, attain low while meeting commercial lifetime targets, factors such as ink formulation, MEA fabrication, catalyst layer–porous transport layer (CL–PTL) contact,...
Abstract Synchrotron x-ray imaging techniques, like computed tomography (CT) and radiography have proven instrumental in expanding the communities knowledge of complex transport reaction kinetics electrochemical devices such as fuel cells electrolyzers. This work presents development novel CT techniques for operando visualization water within low temperature at spatial resolutions spanning micro nano scales. The design sample holders, both experiments is described depth, prototypes these...
Cement is the most widely used manmade materials today, about one ton produced every year per person on Earth (1). Production process contributes to 5% of industrial energy consumption and 8% (8.2Gton/year) global CO2 emissions [ref]. In conventional manufacturing process, calcination CaCO3 (limestone) obtained in a kiln using input from non-renewable sources producing CaO. Carbon dioxide emission come both decomposition reaction combustion fuel necessary provide heat system (calcination...
Moving towards lower iridium oxide (IrOx) catalyst loadings for the anode side of polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) requires tuning layer-porous transport layer (PTL) interface. To see widespread deployment, PEMWE anodes need to from 1-2 mg/cm2 IrOx down 0.1 mg/cm 2 [1]. The can become less uniform and more disconnected at these loadings, so addition optimization a microporous (MPL) onto PTL improve interfacial contact in-plane connectivity is essential move toward...
One of the critical components a proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer is porous transport layer (PTL). PTLs help control and gas flow to from cell provide an electrical interface between system anode electrode which required for electrolysis. By adjusting PTL properties (thickness, porosity, etc.) fluid can be greatly impacted could improve or worsen mass effects stack [1]. Additionally, anode/PTL will impact performance as catalyst utilization greatest where in contact with...
The deployment of NEL’s next-gen PEM water electrolyzer stacks and systems is very much dependent on our ability to evaluate the degradation individual components thereby predict 50000 hr. operability stack. In addition, Nel Hydrogen constantly working unveil mechanisms from long run (< 100.000 hours) fielded stacks, so that we can make developing accelerated stress tests (ASTs) less challenging. Typically, performance losses in are result electrode, membrane, and/or PTL during different...
Transition metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) materials have been continuously reported to be one of most promising platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)/cathode in low-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) and other emerging areas (such as carbon dioxide nitrogen reaction). They are usually obtained through pyrolysis low molecular weight (organic) or polymetric precursors. The consists heat treatment inert (or reductive) atmosphere....
The project which we have performed is based on voice recognition and desire to create a four legged robot that can acknowledge the given instructions are through vocal commands perform tasks. main processing unit of will be Arduino Uno. We using 8 servos for movement its legs while two required each leg. interface between human generated Python programming Eclipse software it implemented by Bluetooth module HC 06.
Porous transport layers (PTLs) serve many important functions for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. PTLs facilitate fluid towards and away from the anode catalyst layer, act as a mechanical support membrane, provide electrical contact with layer [1]. As result, can greatly impact cell performance. However, while there has been an effort to improve similar gas diffusion in PEM fuel cells, not significant optimize overall form factor design of One primary concerns about current...
Electrolyzers are a key component in transitioning the world’s reliance on fossil fuels for energy. Accordingly, substantial influence electrolyzer costs is operational efficiency. The means of quantifying this efficiency necessary sustaining continuous improvement technology. Polarization curves critical tool understanding behavior and mechanisms electrochemical devices such as electrolyzers fuel cells. In work, semi-empirical voltage-breakdown method used to model identify series...
Combined chemical information and X-ray CT or radiography is a new paradigm in energy-conversion -storage characterization. During electrochemical experiment mapping can be used to differentiate elements within fuel cell catalyst layer. Polymer electrolyte cells (PEFCs) alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) are both low temperature, high efficiency technologies that use hydrogen air (oxygen) produce electricity. Most of the current efforts have focused on PEFCs, as commercial availability polymer...
To reach Department of Energy (DOE) target 1$ cost for 1 kg H2 production in decade the green hydrogen generation needs to decrease. IrOx is a used as an electrocatalyst anode electrode proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) and its loading must decrease below 2 mg/cm2 targets electrolysis. One hurdles catalyst layers with low inplane electric conductivity, which will be not supported by carbon or other conductive additive. Therefore, design porous transport (PTLs) becomes...
A key component of the emerging hydrogen energy economy is distribution system which facilitates movement between production and end-use. There interest in valorization existing gas systems, today are dedicated to natural movement, facilitate co-transportation via blending into these systems at concentrations up 20% H 2 by volume [1]. Fuel cell quality hydrogen, a purity 99.97%> , required for most valuable end-uses thus ability efficiently extract such high critical adoption...
Demand for high purity hydrogen production using renewable energy sources is growing to meet the clean demands. Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) one of viable options H 2 production, but its capital cost and operational expenditures increase . Improving interface between catalyst layer (CL) porous transport (PTL) critical increasing efficiency PEMWEs thereby lowering Increased contact CL PTL improves utilization, optimal structure reduces mass issues related O bubble...
Polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer (PEWE) is one of the most appealing options to produce hydrogen and oxygen from renewable resources[1]. Understanding relationships between porous transport layer (PTL) morphology removal essential improve cell performance PEWE. In order probe this more fully, operando x-ray computed tomography (CT)[2], machine learning, LBM simulation[3] were performed on a model at different flowrates current densities determine how these operating conditions alter in...
Polymer electrolyte water electrolyzers (PEWEs) are a promising technology to produce green hydrogen with high efficiencies at low temperature [1]. The widespread deployment of this is hindered by the catalyst cost and durability issues [2]. Higher anode loadings currently used enable longer operating time PEWEs. Interface between layer porous transport (PTL) not well understood, especially for novel PTLs varied morphological properties, such as sintered vs. fiber. [3] PTLs’ bulk interface,...