A5058108363- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Legal Issues in South Africa
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Health disparities and outcomes
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Youth Education and Societal Dynamics
- Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
South African Medical Research Council
2015-2025
University of South Africa
2022-2024
Southern African Social Policy Research Institute
2018-2022
University of Oxford
2012
Oxford Policy Management
2012
Medical Research Council
2012
### Summary box The disproportionate mortality of COVID-19 and brutality protective institutions has shifted anti-racism discourses into the mainstream.1 Increased reckoning over categorisations people demonstrate that racial categories, while imprecise, fluid, time context-specific, embody hierarchical power. We interrogate used in UK, South Africa USA; their origins impact. emphasise needing to recognise commonality power structures globally, acknowledging specificity local contexts. In...
Timely vaccination is important to induce adequate protective immunity. We measured timeliness and coverage in three geographical areas South Africa. This study used information from a community-based cluster-randomized trial promoting exclusive breastfeeding African sites (Paarl the Western Cape Province, Umlazi Rietvlei KwaZulu-Natal) between 2006 2008. Five interview visits were carried out birth up 2 years of age (median follow-up time 18 months), 1137 children included analysis....
Breastfeeding is a critical component of interventions to reduce child mortality. Exclusive breastfeeding practice extremely low in South Africa and there has been no improvement this over the past ten years largely due fears HIV transmission. Early cessation found have negative effects on morbidity survival several studies Africa. This paper reports determinants early among women sub group analysis community-based cluster-randomized trial (PROMISE EBF) promoting exclusive three African...
<b>Objective</b> To assess the effect of home based HIV counselling and testing on prevalence reported behavioural changes in a rural subdistrict South Africa. <b>Design</b> Cluster randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> 16 communities (clusters) uMzimkhulu subdistrict, KwaZulu-Natal province, <b>Participants</b> 4154 people aged 14 years or more who participated community survey. <b>Intervention</b> Lay counsellors conducted door to outreach offered all consenting adults adolescents...
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health concern and the number one cause of death in South Africa. Social protection programmes can strengthen resilience TB patients, their families households. This study aimed to get better understanding role social other forms support relation burden on patients households Methods cross-sectional exploratory qualitative using phenomenological approach focus lived experiences perceptions healthcare workers. We interviewed 16 six workers analysed data...
HIV counselling and testing (HCT) is a critical gateway for addressing prevention linking people to treatment, care, support. Since national rates are often less than optimal, there growing interest in expanding coverage through the implementation of innovative models such as home-based (HBHCT). With aim informing scale up, this paper discusses client characteristics acceptability an HBHCT intervention implemented rural South Africa. Trained lay counsellors offered door-to-door rapid...
We aimed to understand the mortality risks of vulnerable newborns (defined as preterm and/or born weighing smaller or larger compared a standard population), in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).Descriptive multi-country, secondary analysis individual-level study data babies since 2000.Sixteen subnational, population-based studies from nine LMICs sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Eastern Asia, Latin America.Live birth neonates.We categorically defined five newborn types based on size...
Abstract Background Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is a right that should be guaranteed to every woman worldwide in order have healthy safe sex life. In most Arab countries, including Egypt, there are different cultural, political, religious factors contributed significantly how society views treats women’s bodies sexuality. As result, it difficult provide solid data information guide policymakers, policies, implement awareness preventive programmes. This study sought address this gap...
The low uptake of facility-based HIV counseling and testing (HCT) in South Africa, particularly amongst men youth has hindered attempts to increase access effective treatment prevention strategies. Many barriers have been described including long waiting times, transport reach facilities, fear lack confidentiality health systems factors such as stock outs test kits. aim this study was undertake a community survey determine rates HCT rural area order plan intervention. A community-based...
Introduction There is growing evidence concerning the acceptability and feasibility of home-based HIV testing. However, less known about cost-effectiveness approach yet it a critical component to guide decisions scaling up access This study examined testing intervention in rural South Africa. Methods Two alternatives: clinic counselling were compared. Costs analysed from provider’s perspective for period January December 2010. The outcome, (HCT) uptake was obtained Good Start (HBHCT) cluster...
Cash transfer (CT) programmes are increasingly being used as policy instruments to address child poverty and health outcomes in developing countries. As the largest cash-transfer programme Africa, South African Child Support Grant (CSG) provides an important opportunity further understand how a CT of its kind works country context. We explored experiences views CSG recipients non-recipients from four diverse settings Africa. Four major themes emerged data: barriers accessing CSG; is utilised...
Introduction Lack of universal, annual testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in health facilities suggests that expansion HIV and counselling (HTC) to non‐clinical settings is critical the achievement national goals prevention, care treatment. Consideration should be given ability lay counsellors perform home‐based HTC community settings. Methods We implemented a cluster randomized controlled trial Sisonke District, South Africa. Trained conducted door‐to‐door using same rapid tests...
Amid the COVID-19 crisis, Tuberculosis (TB) patients in South Africa, as elsewhere, faced increased vulnerability due to consequences of response such loss income, challenges access diagnostic testing, healthcare services and TB medication. To mitigate socio-economic impact pandemic, especially among most vulnerable, African government expanded social assistance programmes by creating Social Relief Distress grant (SRDG), first for unemployed adults Africa. Our study investigated how...
Abstract Objective To examine prevalence of novel newborn types among 541 285 live births in 23 countries from 2000 to 2021. Design Descriptive multi‐country secondary data analysis. Setting Subnational, population‐based birth cohort studies ( n = 45) low‐ and middle‐income (LMICs) spanning 2000–2021. Population Liveborn infants. Methods with high‐quality outcome LMICs were invited join the Vulnerable Newborn Measurement Collaboration. We defined distinct using gestational age (preterm [PT],...
Abstract Objective To describe the mortality risks by fine strata of gestational age and birthweight among 230 679 live births in nine low‐ middle‐income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017. Design Descriptive multi‐country secondary data analysis. Setting Nine LMICs sub‐Saharan Africa, Southern Eastern Asia, Latin America. Population Liveborn infants 15 population‐based cohorts. Methods Subnational, studies with high‐quality birth outcome were invited join Vulnerable Newborn Measurement...
To examine changes in under-5 mortality, coverage of child survival interventions and nutritional status children Ethiopia between 2000 2011. Using the Lives Saved Tool, impact on lives saved was estimated.Estimates mortality were generated using three Demographic Health Surveys undertaken Coverage indicators for high health calculated Tool (LiST) used to estimate 2011.The rate younger than 5 years decreased rapidly from 218 deaths per 1000 live births (95% confidence interval 183 252)...
BackgroundMalawi is estimated to have achieved its Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 target.This paper explores factors influencing progress in child survival Malawi including coverage of interventions and the role key national policies. MethodsWe performed a retrospective evaluation Catalytic Initiative (CI) programme support (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013).We developed estimates mortality using four population household surveys undertaken between 2000 2010.We recalculated...
Cash transfer programmes targeting children are considered an effective strategy for addressing child poverty and improving health outcomes in developing countries. In South Africa, the Child Support Grant (CSG) is largest cash programme from poor households. The present paper investigates association of duration CSG receipt with growth at 2 years three diverse areas Africa.The study analysed data on anthropometric measurements children. Predictors stunting were assessed using a backward...
To maximize the benefits of test and treat strategies that utilize community-based HIV testing, clients who positive must link to care in a timely manner. However, linkage rates across treatment cascade are typically low little is known about what might facilitate or hinder care-seeking behavior. This qualitative study was conducted within home-based counseling testing (HBHCT) intervention South Africa. In-depth interviews were with 30 HBHCT tested explore influenced their A set field notes...
BackgroundMalawi has achieved a remarkable feat in reducing its under-5 mortality time to meet MDG 4 target despite high levels of poverty, low female literacy rates, recurrent economic crises, severe shortage human resources for health, and poor health infrastructure. The country's community-based delivery platform (largely headed by Health Surveillance Assistants, or HSAs) been well established since the 1960s, although their tasks responsibilities have evolved from surveillance promotion...
Child cash transfers are increasingly recognised for their potential to reduce poverty and improve health outcomes. South Africa's child support grant (CSG) constitutes the largest transfer in continent. No studies have been conducted look at factors associated with successful receipt of CSG. This paper reports findings on CSG three settings Africa (Paarl Western Cape Province, Umlazi Rietvlei KwaZulu-Natal).This study used longitudinal data from a community-based cluster-randomized trial...
South Africa has the highest prevalence of overweight/obesity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Assessing effect modifiable factors such as early infant feeding on growth velocity and is therefore important. This paper aimed to assess transitional period (12 weeks) 12–24 week amongst HIV unexposed children using WHO standards age sex adjusted body mass index (BMI) Z-score distribution at 2 years. Data were from 3 sites participating PROMISE-EBF trial. We calculated Z-scores assessed practices 24-hour...
Food security and good nutrition are key determinants of child well-being. There is strong evidence that cash transfers such as South Africa's Child Support Grant (CSG) have the potential to help address some underlying drivers food insecurity malnutrition by providing income caregivers in poor households, but it unclear how precisely they work affect well-being nutrition. We present results from a qualitative study conducted explore role CSG households an urban rural setting Africa.Mt...
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a growing concern in many low-income and middle-income countries. Facing rising numbers of DR-TB patients, South Africa (SA) introduced decentralised model care for 2011. We aimed to document the introduction implementation new models patients with four provinces (Northern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape Gauteng) 2015 using mixed methods, including interviews, register reviews clinical audits. This paper reports on qualitative component study....