A5000711679- Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems
- Legal Education and Practice Innovations
- Legal and Constitutional Studies
- European and International Contract Law
- Judicial and Constitutional Studies
- Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Legal Systems and Judicial Processes
- Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Artificial Intelligence in Law
- Occupational and Professional Licensing Regulation
- Corporate Finance and Governance
- Legal principles and applications
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
- Business Law and Ethics
- Merger and Competition Analysis
- Economic Theory and Institutions
- Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning
- Corruption and Economic Development
- Insurance and Financial Risk Management
- Comparative and International Law Studies
- Franchising Strategies and Performance
- Law in Society and Culture
- Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management
- Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation
Vector Institute
2012-2024
University of Toronto
2015-2024
Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute
2021-2024
OpenAI (United States)
2013-2023
University of California, Berkeley
1992-2022
Institute for Technology & Society
2022
Intel (United States)
2021
Southern California University for Professional Studies
2008-2020
University of Southern California
2008-2020
Stanford University
1995-2015
With the recent wave of progress in artificial intelligence (AI) has come a growing awareness large-scale impacts AI systems, and recognition that existing regulations norms industry academia are insufficient to ensure responsible development. In order for developers earn trust from system users, customers, civil society, governments, other stakeholders they building responsibly, will need make verifiable claims which can be held accountable. Those outside given organization also effective...
In September 2021, the "One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence" project (AI100) issued second report of its planned long-term periodic assessment artificial intelligence (AI) and impact society. It was written by a panel 17 study authors, each whom is deeply rooted in AI research, chaired Michael Littman Brown University. The report, entitled "Gathering Strength, Gathering Storms," answers set 14 questions probing critical areas development addressing major risks dangers AI,...
Preparation requires technical research and development, as well adaptive, proactive governance
Commitments to take or refrain from taking certain actions are indispensable elements in most forms of interaction and exchange. Even the purest form spot-market transaction rests on commitments: commitment state value a piece paper future exchanges, individual not steal back what has been sold. As transactions spread out over time become more complex, however, is needed ground exchange than mere stability currency property: The solidity contract also required.
Legal philosophers have long debated the question, what is law? But few in social science attempted to explain phenomenon of legal order. In this article, we build a rational choice model order an environment that relies exclusively on decentralized enforcement, such as find human societies prior emergence nation state and many modern settings. We demonstrate can support equilibrium which wrongful behavior effectively deterred by specifically collective punishment. Equilibrium achieved...
Advanced AI models hold the promise of tremendous benefits for humanity, but society needs to proactively manage accompanying risks. In this paper, we focus on what term "frontier AI" models: highly capable foundation that could possess dangerous capabilities sufficient pose severe risks public safety. Frontier a distinct regulatory challenge: can arise unexpectedly; it is difficult robustly prevent deployed model from being misused; and, stop model's proliferating broadly. To address these...
Governance frameworks should address the prospect of AI systems that cannot be safely tested.
This paper begins with the question, Why do lawyers cost so much? The analysis is an investigation of imperfections in market for lawyers, that have been largely overlooked by focus on either model perfect competition or impact artificial barriers to entry into provision legal services. catalogues multiple sources imperfection: nature incentives and mechanisms at work determine level complexity system; extent which uncertainty make services credence goods par exellence; winner-take-all...
Many social scientists rely on the rule of law in their accounts political or economic development. Many, however, simply equate with a stable government capable enforcing rules generated by authority. As two decades largely failed efforts to build poor and transition countries continuing struggles international legal order demonstrate, we still do not understand how is produced, especially places where it does already exist. We here canvas literature sciences identify themes gaps existing...
How do societies learn and maintain social norms? Here we use multiagent reinforcement learning to investigate the dynamics of enforcement compliance behaviors. Artificial agents populate a foraging environment need avoid poisonous berry. Agents eating berries better when doing so is taboo, meaning behavior punished by other agents. The taboo helps overcome credit assignment problem in discovering delayed health effects. Critically, introducing an additional which results punishment for...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly, and companies are shifting their focus to developing generalist AI systems that can autonomously act pursue goals. Increases in capabilities autonomy may soon massively amplify AI's impact, with risks include large-scale social harms, malicious uses, an irreversible loss of human control over autonomous systems. Although researchers have warned extreme from AI, there a lack consensus about how exactly such arise, manage them. Society's...
Computing power, or "compute," is crucial for the development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities. As a result, governments companies have started to leverage compute as means govern AI. For example, are investing in domestic capacity, controlling flow competing countries, subsidizing access certain sectors. However, these efforts only scratch surface how can be used AI deployment. Relative other key inputs (data algorithms), AI-relevant particularly effective point...
Increasingly many AI systems can plan and execute interactions in open-ended environments, such as making phone calls or buying online goods. As developers grow the space of tasks that agents accomplish, we will need tools both to unlock their benefits manage risks. Current are largely insufficient because they not designed shape how interact with existing institutions (e.g., legal economic systems) actors digital service providers, humans, other agents). For example, alignment techniques by...
The rapid development of advanced AI agents and the imminent deployment many instances these will give rise to multi-agent systems unprecedented complexity. These pose novel under-explored risks. In this report, we provide a structured taxonomy risks by identifying three key failure modes (miscoordination, conflict, collusion) based on agents' incentives, as well seven risk factors (information asymmetries, network effects, selection pressures, destabilising dynamics, commitment problems,...
The coverage, cost, and quality problems of the U.S. health care system are evident. Sustainable reform must go beyond financing expanded access to substantially changing organization delivery care. FRESH-Thinking Project (www.fresh-thinking.org) held a series workshops during which physicians, policy experts, insurance executives, business leaders, hospital administrators, economists, others who represent diverse perspectives came together. This group agreed that following 8 recommendations...
Abstract Most social scientists take for granted that law is defined by the presence of a centralized authority capable exacting coercive penalties violations legal rules. Moreover, existing approach to analyzing in economics and positive political theory works with very thin concept does not account distinctive attributes order as compared other forms order. Drawing on model developed elsewhere, we reinterpret key case studies demonstrate how theoretically informed illuminates questions...