Bacterial biofilms are responsible for the failure of many medical devices such as urinary catheters and associated with infectious non-infectious complications. Preclinical clinical evaluation novel catheter coatings to prevent these infections needs accurately quantify bacterial load in biofilm vitro ex vivo. There is currently no uniform gold standard quantification different surfaces established biofilms. We have tried establish a simple, accurate reproducible method extraction...

Abstract Photochemical internalization (PCI) is a promising intervention using photodynamic therapy (PDT) to enhance the activity of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, current bladder cancer treatments involve high‐dose chemotherapy and high‐irradiance PDT which cause debilitating side effects. Moreover, low penetration light drugs in target tissues cumbersome delivery procedures hinder clinical utility combination for PCI. To circumvent these challenges, photodynamic‐chemotherapy approach...

Abstract Using photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat deep-seated cancers is limited due inefficient delivery of photosensitizers and low tissue penetration light. Polymeric nanocarriers are widely used for photosensitizer delivery, while the self-quenching encapsulated would impair PDT efficacy. Furthermore, generated short-lived reactive oxygen spieces (ROS) can hardly diffuse out nanocarriers, resulting in Therefore, a smart nanocarrier system which be degraded by light, followed activation...

The present gold standard for bladder cancer is Mycobacterium bovis, Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy. But it has a non-responder rate of 30-50% and side effects are common. Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota been reported to reduce the incidence recurrence in patients cure tumor-bearing mice. Our aim was determine if rhamnosus GG (LGG) could be as efficacious BCG murine model cancer. MB49 cells secreting human prostate-specific antigen were implanted orthotopically female...

This study evaluates the ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) to activate DC and neutrophils modulate T cell activation impact bacterial dose on these responses. Murine bone marrow derived or were stimulated with LGG at ratios 5 : 1, 10 100 1 (LGG cells) maturation (CD40, CD80, CD86, CD83, MHC class II) cytokine production (IL-10, TNF- α , IL-12p70) examined after 2 h 18 coculture compared BCG (the present immunotherapeutic agent for bladder cancer) stimulate cells. A exposure (high...

The use of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for treating deep-seated cancers and large tumors has recently been gaining momentum. Conventional approaches loading photosensitizers (PS) to UCNPs using noncovalent physical adsorption covalent conjugation had previously described. However, these methods are time-consuming require extra modification steps. Incorporating PS during the controlled assembly process is seldom reported. In this study, an amphiphilic copolymer, poly(styrene-

We determined if Lactobacillus species has growth inhibitory effects in human bladder cancer cell lines and how this effect compares with the known of Mycobacterium bovis, that is bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).The MGH RT112 cells were by counts after 24, 48 72 hours exposure to L. casei strain Shirota (Yakult, Singapore) or rhamnosus GG (National Collection Industrial Marine Bacteria, Ltd., Aberdeen, Scotland) (1 x 10 1 cfu) BCG presence absence streptomycin. Annexin-V was used monitor...

Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections are among the most common urological infections world-wide. Bacterial biofilms and encrustation cause significant complications in patients with urinary catheters. The objective of study is to demonstrate efficacy safety an anti-microbial anti-encrustation silver nanoparticle (AgNP) coating on silicone catheter two different animal models.Antifouling (P3) was prepared alternate layers polydopamine AgNP outermost antifouling layer. Sixteen C57BL/6...

No AccessJournal of UrologyINVESTIGATIVE UROLOGY1 Nov 2002Lactobacillus Species is More Cytotoxic to Human Bladder Cancer Cells Than Mycobacterium Bovis (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) SHIH WEE SEOW, JUWITA NORASMARA BTE RAHMAT, AMEER ALI KANAKKAPPILLAI MOHAMED, RATHA MAHENDRAN, YUAN KUN LEE, and BOON HUAT BAY SEOWSHIH SEOW , RAHMATJUWITA RAHMAT MOHAMEDAMEER MOHAMED MAHENDRANRATHA MAHENDRAN LEEYUAN LEE BAYBOON View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64362-5AboutFull...

Summary Mycobacterium bovis , bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is the current gold standard for bladder cancer therapy. In this study a profile of gene expression changes that occur after BCG instillation in bladders healthy mice was produced and compared to type immune cells recruited into bladder. A similar comparison made Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG (LGG) instillations determine its potential immunotherapy cancer. Mice were given six weekly killed fourth, fifth sixth or LGG. Their...

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy is the standard therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The aim of present study was to identify genes that are induced in response BCG immunotherapy, as these may be potential biomarkers clinical therapy. To model therapy, human cancer cell lines were incubated with (live or lyophilized Connaught) 2 h. RNA extracted and evaluated by Representational Differential Analysis (RDA) oligo arrays. Gene expression confirmed reverse transcription...

Glutathione-S-transferases (GST) enzymes detoxify xenobiotics and are implicated in response to anticancer therapy. This study evaluated the association of GST theta 1 (GSTT1), GSTT2, GSTT2B with Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treatment. In vitro assessments GSTT2 knockout (KO) effects were performed using cell lines dendritic cells (DCs) from GSTT2KO mice. Deletion GSTT2B, GSTT1, single-nucleotide polymorphisms promoter region was...

Loss of the glutathione-S-transferases Theta 2 (Gstt2) expression is associated with an improved response to intravesical Mycobacterium bovis, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients who receive fewer BCG instillations. To delineate cause, Gstt2 knockout (KO) and wildtype (WT) C57Bl/6J mice were implanted tumors before treatment or saline. RNA was analyzed via single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) real-time polymerase chain reaction...

Intravesical chemotherapy for bladder cancer has limited efficacy due to the lack of specificity drugs/drug carriers toward cells as well inadequate drug residence time in urine voiding. From analyses surface receptor expression UMUC3 and targeting different peptides, we selected a peptide (txCD47) that targets cluster differentiation 47 (CD47) protein overexpressed on these ligand docetaxel (DTX) an albumin nanocarrier DTX. The IC50 DTX conjugated txCD47 (txCD47-DTX) 1:1 molar ratio was...

This study evaluates a short therapy schedule for bladder cancer using BCG Tokyo. Tokyo was evaluated in vitro bone marrow derived dendritic cells, neutrophils, RAW macrophages and the murine cell line, MB49PSA, compared to other strains. > TICE at inducing cytokine production. In vivo, high dose (1 × 107 colony forming units (cfu)) low 106 cfu) with without genes (GMCSF + IFNα) were C57BL/6J mice (n = 12-16 per group) orthotopically implanted MB49PSA cells. Mice treated four instillations...

You have accessJournal of UrologyBladder Cancer: Basic Research III1 Apr 2014MP34-08 CTLA4 SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS CORRELATE WITH RESPONSE TO BCG IMMUNOTHERAPY Ratha Mahendran, Sin Mun Tham, Juwita Rahmat, Jen Hwei Sng, Yew Koon Lim, Lata Raman, Ma Zin Mar Wai, Woon Chau Tsang, Edmund Chiong, Yiong Huak Chan, and Kesavan Esuvaranathan MahendranRatha Mahendran More articles by this author , ThamSin Tham RahmatJuwita Rahmat SngJen Sng LimYew Lim RamanLata Raman WaiMa Wai TsangWoon...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective non-invasive or minimally invasive treatment method against different tumors. Loading photosensitizers in nanocarriers can potentially increase their accumulation tumor sites. However, the PDT efficacy may be hindered because of self-quenching encapsulated photosensitizer and small diffusion radii generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, light responsive nano assemblies composed (Polyethylene...