The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects different forage-to-concentrate ratios and sampling times on genetic diversity carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) taxonomic profile rumen microbial communities in dairy cows. Six ruminally cannulated Holstein cows arbitrarily divided into groups fed high-forage (HF) or low-forage (LF) diets. results showed that, for glycoside hydrolase (GH) families, there greater differences based dietary ratio than time. HF treatment group at...

Abstract Background Clostridium butyricum (CB) is a probiotic that can regulate intestinal microbial composition and improve meat quality. Rumen protected fat (RPF) has been shown to increase the dietary energy density provide essential fatty acids. However, it still unknown whether supplementation with CB RPF exerts beneficial effects on growth performance nutritional value of goat meat. This study aimed investigate performance, quality, oxidative stability, finishing goats. Thirty-two...

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of polyurethane coated urea on in vitro ruminal fermentation, ammonia release dynamics and lactating performance Holstein dairy cows fed a steam-flaked corn-based diet.In Exp. 1, dual-flow continuous culture was run effect nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation parameters microbial efficiency.Three treatment diets with isonitrogenous contents (13.0%CP) prepared: i) feedgrade (FGU) diet; ii) (PCU) iii) isolated soy protein (ISP)...

To our knowledge, little information exists on nutritive values and molecular structural characteristics associated with protein biopolymers of carinata meal from biofuel bio-oil processing. The objectives this study were to investigate (1) chemical compositions; (2) carbohydrate subfractions partitioned by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate Protein System (CNCPS); (3) truly digestible nutrients energy values; (4) conformation spectral using ATR-FT/IR technique; (5) correlation between intrinsic...

Branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) have recently been reported to play a role in human gut health during early life. However, little information is available on the fecal BCFA profiles young ruminants and whether they are associated with development of neonatal calf diarrhea. The objectives this study were (1) characterize feces collected from calves, (2) compare composition between diarrheic nondiarrheic dairy (3) explore potential relationships microbiota feces. A total 32 male Holstein...

The objectives of this study were to investigate (1) the carbohydrate chemical profile, (2) energy values, (3) rumen neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradation kinetics, (4) carbohydrate-related functional group structural features using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic technique with attenuated total reflectance (ATR), and (5) correlations between intrinsic nutritional profiles in three strains Brassica carinata yellow brown seed coats, comparison canola as reference....

Summary The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect different dietary ratios forage and concentrate (F:C) on ruminal odd‐ branched‐chain fatty acids ( OBCFA s) contents evaluate relationships between fermentation parameters as well bacterial populations tested by real‐time PCR technique. experimental design was a 3 × Latin square. Three rumen‐fistulated dry Holstein cows fed three rations with F:C (F:C; 30:70, 50:50 70:30). rumen samples collected every two hours (0600, 0800,...

The object of this study was to determine the proper mixing ratio fresh rice straw corn steep liquor (CSL) obtain a high protein content silage feed. following experimental silages were generated: control (C1), composed without CSL additive, mixed with in ratios 4:1 (C4), 3:1 (C3) and 2:1 (C2). Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculant applied at rate 50 mL/kg (fresh basis) forage achieve final application 1 × 106 cfu/g matter (FM). Duplicate silos for each treatment opened after 0, 3, 7, 10, 20,...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect vitamin B12 fermentation waste (VFW) substitution soybean meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, ruminal characteristics and microbiota finishing lambs. Forty-eight male Hu lambs with initial body weight 26.5 ± 0.59 kg, were randomly assigned one 4 groups (n = 12): control, receiving a basal diet, 3 in which replaced by VFW at 20% (low), 40% (medium) 60% (high) 14-day for adaptation 56-day data sample...

This study examined branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs)’ effects on oxidative stress, energy metabolism, inflammation, tight junction disruption, apoptosis, and Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B (TLR4/NF-κB) signaling in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced calf small intestinal epithelial cells (CSIECs). Eight groups were used: a control group, an LPS-induced six BCFA treatment (12-methyltridecanoic acid (iso-C14:0), 13-methyltetradecanoic (iso-C15:0), 14-methylpentadecanoic...

As far as we know, no study has been carried out on whether protein structure changes in the feed during rumen fermentation from other research team. This was conducted to characterize spectral carinata meal ruminal using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR) technique with ATR. The objectives were find (1) internal (in terms of amide profile and secondary profile) changed after situ at 0, 12, 24 48 h conventional canola used a reference; (2) there any correlation between...

The objectives of this study were to investigate (1) the protein chemical profile, (2) subfractions partitioned by Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS), (3) rumen crude (CP) degradation kinetics, (4) supply predicted DVE/OEB system, (5) structural features using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic technique with attenuated total reflectance (ATR), (6) correlations between intrinsic nutritional profiles in three strains Brassica carinata yellow brown seed coats,...

This study was conducted to compare: (1) protein chemical characteristics, including the amide I and II region, as well secondary structure; (2) carbohydrate internal structure functional groups spectral intensities between frost damaged wheat normal using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (SR-FTIRM). Fingerprint regions of specific interest in our involved group band assignments, (ca. 1774–1475 cm−1), structural carbohydrates (SCHO, ca. 1498–1176...

The objective of this study was to use Fourier transform/infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FT/IR-ATR) molecular spectroscopy quantify the heat-induced changes in feed protein structures relation digestion dairy cows. Camelina seeds were evaluated as a model for protein. either heated air-draft oven (dry heating) or autoclave (moist at 120°C 60 min kept raw (control). parameters Cornell net and carbohydrate system (CNCPS) subfractions, situ ruminal degradation kinetics, intestinal...

• Traditional prediction in cow's DND is limited by small sample conditions. GPR-based technique more suitable for DND. outperforms LS-LRA methods predicting can effectively predict the indicators of dairy cows. In order to evaluate diet nutritional value cows, it essential accurately nutrients digestibility (DND). Conventional are usually based on least squares linear regression analysis (LS-LRA), which often relies a large amount training samples accomplish reliable predictions. However,...