We present an x-ray coherent diffractive imaging experiment utilizing a nonplanar incident wave and demonstrate success by reconstructing nonperiodic gold sample at 24 nm resolution. Favorable effects of the curved beam illumination are identified.

We discuss contrast formation in a propagating x-ray beam. consider the validity conditions for linear relations based on transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) and transfer functions (CTFs). From single diffracted image, we recover thickness of homogeneous object which has substantial absorption phase-shift --0.37 radian.

Phase singularities are a ubiquitous feature of waves all forms and represent fundamental aspect wave topology. An optical vortex phase singularity occurs when there is spiral ramp about point singularity. We report an experimental observation in field consisting 9-keV x-ray photons. The created with structure that imparts distribution to the incident observed by use diffraction wire create division-of-wave-front interferometer.

A method for numerically recovering the coherent modes and their occupancies from a known mutual optical intensity function is described. As an example, technique applied to previously published experimental data x-ray undulator source. The are found be described by three modes, functional forms relative of these recovered.

This work presents the x-ray extended range technique for measuring mass attenuation coefficients. includes use of multiple foil attenuators at each energy investigated, allowing independent tests detector linearity and harmonic contributions to monochromated synchrotron beam. Measurements over a wide allow uncertainty local thickness be minimized by calibration thin sample measurements those thick samples. The an criterion selection allows direct determination dominant systematics, with...

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) typically requires that the source should be highly coherent both laterally and longitudinally. In this paper, we demonstrate lateral longitudinal partial coherence can successfully included in a CDI reconstruction algorithm simultaneously using experimental x-ray data. We study interplay between their relative influence on CDI. compare our results against criteria published by Spence et al. [Spence al., Ultramicroscopy 101, 149 (2004)] show for iterative...

We use the x-ray extended-range technique (XERT) [Chantler et al., Phys. Rev. A 64, 062506 (2001)] to measure mass attenuation coefficients of molybdenum in energy range $13.5--41.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{keV}$ 0.02--0.15 % accuracy. Measurements made over an extended measurement parameter space are critically examined identify, quantify, and correct where necessary a number experimental systematic errors. These results represent most extensive data set for include absolute...

We used the x-ray-extended range technique to measure x-ray mass attenuation coefficients of silver in 15–50 keV energy with a level uncertainty between 0.27% and 0.4% away from K-edge. The imaginary part atomic form factor was derived by subtracting scattering component measured total coefficients. Discrepancies alternative theoretical predictions are discussed.

We used the x-ray extended-range technique to measure mass attenuation coefficients of silicon with an accuracy between 0.27% and 0.5% in $5\mathrm{keV}\ensuremath{-}20\mathrm{keV}$ energy range. Subtraction scattering contribution enabled us derive corresponding photoelectric absorption determine absolute value imaginary part atomic form factor silicon. Discrepancies experimental values theoretically calculated are discussed. New approaches theoretical calculation will be required match...

We compare new experimental x-ray total mass attenuation coefficients of silicon obtained with the extended-range technique (XERT) from 5 to 20 keV theoretical calculations and earlier measurements over a 50 energy range. The accuracy between 0.27% 0.5% XERT data allows us probe alternate atomic solid state wave function test dominant scattering mechanisms. Discrepancies results computations order 5% are discussed in detail. No single computation is currently able reproduce entire range investigated.

We use the x-ray extended-range technique (XERT) [C. T. Chantler et al., Phys. Rev. A 64, 062506 (2001)] to measure mass attenuation coefficients of tin in energy range $29--60\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{keV}$ $0.04--3\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}%$ accuracy, and typically $0.1--0.2\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}%$. Measurements made over an extended measurement parameter space are critically examined identify, quantify, correct a number potential experimental systematic errors. These...

A full measurement of the four-dimensional coherence function from an undulator beam line is reported. The analysis based on observation that data are consistent with a mathematically separable. effective source size can be altered by changing width exit slit, and complete presented for two settings. We find, to within experimental error, complex degree described as real Gaussian depends only difference spatial coordinates.

The x-ray mass-attenuation coefficient of copper was measured at 108 energies between 5 and $20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{keV}$ using synchrotron radiation. measurements are accurate to 0.09 4.5 %, with most being better than 0.12%. imaginary component the form factor also determined after subtracting attenuation contribution due scattering. Measurements were made over an extended range experimental parameter space, allowing us correct for several systematic errors present in data....

The x-ray mass attenuation coefficients of zinc are measured in a high-accuracy experiment between 7.2 and 15.2 keV with an absolute accuracy 0.044% 0.197%. This is the most accurate determination any coefficient on bending-magnet beamline reduces uncertainty by factor 3 compared to earlier work advances integrated column density full-foil mapping technique described herein. We define relative $0.006%$, which not same as either precision or accuracy. Relative appropriate parameter for...

X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) of ferrocene (Fc) and Decamethylferrocene (DmFc) have been determined on an absolute scale using transmission measurements multiple solutions differing concentrations (15 mM, 3 pure solvent) at operating temperatures 10–20 K. Mass attenuation coefficients photoelectric cross sections are measured tabulated for both molecules extended energy range in excess 1.5 keV from the Fe K-shell edge. At these temperatures, minimization dynamic disorder has enabled...

Abstract In line with an ongoing programme to determine accurately x‐ray attenuation coefficients, we have developed a method for the quantitative determination of effect on experimental results monochromator harmonic components in synchrotron beam. The technique can be adapted suit wide variety experiments, and is particular interest because it determines directly. This avoids necessity modelling therefore robust. Results direct illustrate power technique. We extended quantify effects dark...

The x-ray mass-attenuation coefficients of gold are measured at 91 energies between 14 keV and 21 using synchrotron radiation. measurements accurate to 0.08% 0.1%. photoelectric mass-absorption the imaginary component form factors also determined. results include LI edge most extensive dataset available in this energy range. An analysis XAFS showed excellent agreement simulated yielded highly values bond lengths gold. When our compared with earlier predictions major theoretical tabulations,...

We investigate the effect of x-ray scattering and fluorescence upon measurements mass attenuation coefficient. Measurements are obtained from a comparison using different sized apertures to admit varying amounts into detectors. The result such is found be in good agreement with theoretical calculation fluorescent scattered photons reaching ion chambers and, under our experimental conditions, decreases measured coefficients silver by up 0.2%.

We discuss the role of coherence in x-ray imaging and consider how phase-space tomography can be used to extract information about partial coherence. describe application recover spatial properties a one-dimensional soft (1.5 keV) beam from synchrotron undulator source. present Young's experiment observe negative regions quasi-probability distribution. show that, given knowledge beam, we use partially coherent diffraction data fully information, some simple experimental demonstrations this...

We report a precise and spatially resolved measurement of the complex degree coherence one-dimensional 1.5-keV beam produced by third-generation synchrotron source. The method phase-space tomography is used, which requires only measurements x-ray intensity. find that field statistically stationary to within experimental error, correlations are very well approximated Gaussian distribution, measured length in excellent agreement with expectations.

Recent high-accuracy X-ray absorption measurements of the sandwich organometallics ferrocene (Fc) and decamethylferrocene (DmFc) at temperatures close to liquid helium are compared with new full-potential modeling fine structure (XAFS) covering near-edge region (XANES) above up k = 7 Å–1. The implementation optimized calculations oscillatory part spectrum from package FDMX allows detailed study spectra in regions photoelectron momentum most sensitive differences molecular stereochemistry....

We used synchrotron x rays to measure the x-ray mass attenuation coefficients of gold at nine energies from $38$ $50$ keV with accuracies $0.1%$. Our results are much more accurate than previous measurements in this energy range. A comparison our calculated shows that fall almost exactly midway between XCOM and FFAST theoretical values, which differ one another region by about $4%$, even though range includes no absorption edge. The consistency accuracy these open way investigations $L$ edge gold.