This research uncovers a connection between binary and quaternary subdivision schemes, presenting generalized formula to derive $$(3n+1)$$ -point schemes from $$(2n+1)$$ yielding odd-point when n is even even-point odd. Comprehensive graphical theoretical analyses demonstrate that these produce final models similar their counterparts but with fewer iterations, significantly reducing computational costs. Both types exhibit shape-preserving properties, extending the parametric intervals of...

In this study cefixime and azithromycin nanoparticles were prepared by antisolvent precipitation with syringe pump (APSP) evaporator nanosuspension (EPN) methods. The characterized XRD, FTIR, SEM, TGA. X-ray diffraction pattern of samples showed the amorphous form, while crystalline form. FTIR spectra parental drugs synthesized have no major structural changes detected. SEM images that both submicron sized nanosized particles. TGA analyses above 30°C decomposition starts their weight...

We present a new variant of Lane-Riesenfeld algorithm for curves and surfaces both. Our refining operator is the modification Chaikin/Doo-Sabin subdivision operator, while each smoothing weighted average four/sixteen adjacent points. depends on two parameters (shape parameters). So we get families univariate bivariate approximating schemes with parameters. The are nontensor product quadrilateral meshes. Moreover, also analysis our schemes. Furthermore, give cubic polynomial reproduction...

Geometric objects are primarily represented using curves and surfaces a subdivision scheme is one of the basic tools for these representations. This study based on new thought that there special relation between binary some kinds quaternary schemes. Due to defined schemes can also be formulated by presents generalized formula in compact form contains rules (3 <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> -1)-point approximating which...

Antibiotic resistance is concerned with public health and a serious threat in modern world. Pathogenic strains are rapidly developing against antibiotics limiting the treatment options. Nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) shows significant results when doped silver (Ag), therefore used as an antibacterial agent. In this work, we synthesized pure varying concentration of Ag-doped ZnO nanoplates through one-step hydrothermal route. The structural, morphological, optical properties prepared...

This paper introduces a modified method for construction of new design-control 6-point approximating refinement scheme. The the scheme is based on translation points 4-point to position according linear combination certain displacement vectors. initial and terminal these vectors are two binary schemes. contains three parameters. These parameters increase efficiency flexibility mathematical graphical analysis show that this good choice curve modeling.

A new family of combined subdivision schemes with one tension parameter is proposed by the interpolatory and approximating schemes. The displacement vectors between points provide flexibility in designing limit curves surfaces. Therefore, generated variate or around curves. We also design few analytical algorithms to study properties theoretically. efficiency these analyzed calculating their time complexity. graphical representations are analyzed.

This work presents a novel broadband monopole antenna for digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) application. The proposed consists of grating patch and concave rectangular ground plane with defected plane. added part in the is used to enable height reduction fixed ranges operating frequency. can operate from 470 MHz 870 frequency range corresponding 60 % impedance bandwidth |S11| better than -7.5 dB. covers working band (470-862 MHz) DVB-T system. radiation pattern omnidirectional...

A subdivision scheme defines a smooth curve or surface as the limit of sequence successive refinements given polygon mesh. These schemes take polygons meshes inputs and produce curves surfaces outputs. In this paper, class combine refinement with two shape control parameters is presented. even odd rules these have complexity three four respectively. The rule designed to modify vertices polygon, whereas insert new point between every edge polygon. can high order continuous shapes than...

In this article, we present a new subdivision scheme by using an interpolatory and approximating scheme. The construction of the is based on translation points 4-point to position according three displacement vectors containing two shape parameters. We first study characteristics analytically then numerical experiments justify these analytical geometrically. also extend derived into its bivariate/tensor product version. This bivariate applicable quadrilateral meshes produce smooth limiting...

Cybersecurity Ventures anticipates that the worldwide expenses of cybercrime would increase by 15 percent yearly over course next five years, reaching USD 10.5 trillion annually 2025, which is an from $3 in 2015. It’s imperative to investigate implementation new technologies and their outcome raising threat banking industry. Using CFA EFA statistical analysis gathering data N=291 respondents managerial level, blockchain consultants, cybersecurity experts. The findings confirm has efficiently...

This study presents a piecewise non-linear binary subdivision scheme based on four-point linear scheme. is first transformed into and then The approach removes artifacts distortions from limit curves, producing better continuous curves. demonstrates that this technique workable for smooth especially when avoiding bends, distortion, oscillation.

Subdivision schemes play a vital role in curve modeling. The curves produced by the class of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <mfenced open="(" close=")" separators="|"> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </mfenced> </math> -point ternary scheme (Deslauriers and Dubuc (1989)) interpolate given data while id="M2"> B-spline approximate data. In this research, we merge these two classes to introduce consolidated unified combined subdivision with shape...

In this article, we present a new method to construct family of (2N+2)-point binary subdivision schemes with one tension parameter where N is non-negative integer. The construction the based on repeated local translation points by certain displacement vectors. Therefore, refinement rules scheme for N=M are recursively obtained from N=0,1,2,...,M-1. complexity, polynomial reproduction and generation these increased two successive values $N$. Furthermore, modify (2N+3)-point parameters....

This study attempts to test the relationship between professional stress tolerance and productivity of university professors. The evaluation criteria used in this are 1. Work Stress Questionnaire (JSQ) ofTöres, (1988), 2. Resilience (WRQ) Winwood et al., (2013) and, 3. Performance (WPQ) Koopmans, (2014). regression analysis has been applied predict among research variables study. In addition, t-test is also analyze gender-based differences work resilience academicians. results depicted at...

In this paper, a 3-point relaxed non-symmetric approximating stationary quaternary subdivision scheme with two parameters is presented. The limiting curves generated by the are <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -continuous. roles of in controlling shapes discussed. A little attention to construction schemes has been paid. This paper discusses depth and...

In this article, we present a new method to construct family of <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><a:mfenced open="(" close=")" separators="|"><a:mrow><a:mn>2</a:mn><a:mi>N</a:mi><a:mo>+</a:mo><a:mn>2</a:mn></a:mrow></a:mfenced></a:math> -point binary subdivision schemes with one tension parameter. The construction the is based on repeated local translation points by certain displacement vectors. Therefore, refinement rules <f:math...

Abstract In this article, we present the continuity analysis of 3D models produced by tensor product scheme $(m+1)$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> -point binary refinement scheme. We use differences and divided bivariate to analyze its smoothness. The $C^{0}$ <mml:msup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msup> , $C^{1}$ $C^{2}$ <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>...

Quaternary subdivision schemes are more advanced algorithms than binary for curve modeling and data fitting. These allow control over the shapes of generating curves. converge to final quickly schemes. However, choice which scheme use desired output depends on specific application. Conversion from quaternary enables user get better fitting smoother generation. This article provides a rigorous approach converting odd-point The converted by using new have been validated their applications.In...

Geometric objects are primarily represented using curves and surfaces the subdivision schemes basic tools for these representations. This study is based on a new thought that there special relation between binary some kinds of quaternary schemes. Due to defined can also be formulated by presents generalized formula in compact form contains rules (3n-1)-point approximating scheme which predefined 2n-points scheme. Firstly, we derive even-point By this relation, next two types even odd values...