Electric vehicles make use of permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous traction motors for their high torque density and efficiency. A comparison between interior PM surface-mounted (SPM) is carried out, in terms performance at given inverter ratings. The results the analysis, based on a simplified analytical model confirmed by finite element (FE) show that two have similar rated power but SPM motor has barely no overload capability, independently available current. Moreover, loss behavior rather...

Three different motor drives for electric traction are compared, in terms of output power and efficiency at same stack dimensions inverter size.Induction motor, surface mounted permanent magnet (SPM) interior (IPM) synchronous investigated, with reference to a common vehicle specification.The induction is penalized by the cage loss but it less expensive inherently safe case unwilled turn-off due natural de-excitation.The SPM has simple construction shorter end-connections, eddy current high...

This paper proposes and formalizes a comprehensive experimental approach for the identification of magnetic model synchronous electrical machines all kinds. The procedure is based on controlling current machine under test while this driven at constant speed by another regenerative electric drive. Compensation stator resistance inverter voltage drops, iron loss, operating temperature issues are taken into account. A road map implementation given, different types hardware setups. Experimental...

This paper presents an integral battery charger for electric scooter with high voltage batteries and interior-permanent-magnet motor traction drive. The is derived from the power hardware of scooter, ac drive that operates as three-phase boost rectifier factor correction capability. control also integrated into firmware implemented on a fixed-point DSP controller. Current-controlled or voltage-controlled charge modes are actuated according to requirements management system, embedded pack....

The automated design of synchronous reluctance (SyR) motors based on multiobjective genetic optimization and finite-element analysis is considered in this paper. Three types barrier shapes are considered, all described by an effective limited set input variables. three solutions investigated to establish which the geometries can give best torque output also one represents compromise between performance computational time. presented paper shows that SyR designed automatically a good be...

In high-performance control of ac machines through variable frequency drives, the knowledge machine parameters plays a decisive role. The accuracy with which can be known is directly related to time and effort put during testing commissioning process. ever-demanding industrial environments, spent on parameter identification translates into loss production. To reduce times, research in this direction has focused automatizing procedure without accuracy. This paper reviews different lines...

This paper proposes a standstill method for the identification of magnetic model synchronous reluctance motors (SyRMs). The saturation and cross-saturation effects are properly taken into account. motor is fed by an inverter with short sequence bipolar voltage pulses that first applied on rotor dand q-axes separately then simultaneously both axes. stator flux linkages computed integrating induced voltages. Using current samples, parameters algebraic estimated means linear least squares....

This paper introduces a unified direct-flux vector control scheme that is suitable for sinusoidal ac motor drives. The drives considered here are induction motor, synchronous reluctance, and permanent-magnet (PM) drives, including interior surface-mounted PM types. proposed controller operates in stator flux coordinates: amplitude directly controlled by the direct voltage component, while torque regulating quadrature current component. particularly convenient when weakening required since it...

The design of ferrite-assisted synchronous reluctance machines is investigated, with particular attention to the pivotal aspect avoiding irreversible demagnetization. Geometric rules for obtaining a robust are proposed and described analytically. safe operating area quantified in terms corresponding maximum electrical loading. Such demagnetization limit dependent on temperature machine size. Furthermore, comparison between continuous load conditions shows that small- medium-sized can be...

The automatic design of synchronous reluctance (SyR) machines is considered in this paper by means finite-element analysis and multiobjective optimization algorithms (MOOAs). research focuses on the rotor geometry, which key aspect SyR machine design. In particular, performance three popular MOOAs analyzed compared terms quality final computational time. A procedure to minimize burden optimized process introduced applied a three-layer five layer rotor. Two prototypes experimentally...

This paper proposes a sensorless control scheme for synchronous reluctance (SyR) motor drives based on the direct-flux vector (DFVC) method. The operates in stator-flux-oriented coordinates, using constant switching frequency. A hybrid position and speed observer is proposed, combination of active flux concept high-frequency signal injection demodulation. two methods are fused together to form unique estimate signals, with seamless transition between models reference speed. proposed covers...

This paper proposes a sensorless direct flux vector control scheme for synchronous reluctance motor drives. Torque is controlled at constant switching frequency, via the closed loop regulation of stator linkage and current component in quadrature with it, using oriented reference frame. A hybrid position observer combines back-electromotive force (EMF) integration pulsating voltage injection around zero speed. Around speed, takes advantage injected voltage. Instead commonly used...

This paper investigates the calculation, modelling and interpretation of efficiency maps for electrical machines. The are calculated using a finite-element based mapping losses, torque flux-linkage as function d- q-axis currents speed. For maps, it is shown that number key loss types can be described in form T <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sup> ω xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> . effect each these losses...

This paper deals with real-time estimation of the junction temperature SiC power mosfets. The a device four-switch module is estimated in by measuring its current and on-state voltage V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> at each switching period entering lookup table device. model preliminarily obtained dedicated commissioning session, where measured different conditions. results show feasibility online monitoring even...

This paper presents a technique for accurately identifying and compensating the inverter nonlinear voltage errors that deteriorate performance of sensorless field-oriented controlled drives at low speed. The model is more accurate than standard signum-based models are common in literature, self-identification method based on feedback signal closed-loop flux observer dc current steady-state conditions. can be identified directly by digital controller drive startup with no extra measures other...

This paper presents a technique to modify the rotor lamination of permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor, in order reduce magnet volume with no side effect on performance. A closed-form analysis, which is based lumped parameter model, points out that quantity can be minimized significant saving material and cost. At second stage, risk demagnetization evaluated since magnets are thinner than starting ones work lower load lines their respective B-H planes. feasible drawing...

The sensorless position control of permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous motors can be successfully implemented by superimposing a high-frequency voltage signal on the voltage. In this paper, estimation is obtained means sinusoidal injected along estimated -axis. Several methods proposed in literature obtain tracking zero condition current component. We propose new approach that also exploits -axis component and allows working with reduced amplitude, thus reducing noise additional losses. main...

This paper presents the direct flux control of an interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motor drive in field-weakening region. The output torque is regulated by coordinated stator amplitude and current component quadrature with flux, it implemented reference frame. system guarantees maximum production taking into account voltage limits, particular case large dc-link variations. field-oriented does not necessarily require accurate magnetic model IPM motor, able to exploit full inverter at different...

The high-speed operation region of interior permanent magnet (PM) (IPM) motor drives is investigated, with particular attention to the maximum-torque-per-voltage operation. A technique proposed for control drive in such region, based on direct-flux field-oriented vector control. easy implement, does not require accurate knowledge model, and showed be robust toward effects iron losses, position estimation errors, dc-link variations. Moreover, it suitable inverter overmodulation range....

Electric Vehicles make use of permanent magnet synchronous traction motors for their high torque density and efficiency. A comparison between interior (IPM) surface mounted (SPM) is carried out, in terms performance at given inverter ratings. simplified analytical approach proposed its results are confirmed by actual motor design, validated through FEA. The main result the analysis to put evidence different behavior IPM SPM overload capability: as expected, current a power motor, while...

The design of multipolar ferrite-assisted synchronous reluctance (FASR) machines is formalized via a two-step procedure. At first, one rectified machine pole analyzed, and key figures merit are expressed in equations to derive general guidelines for high-performance designs. Then, rotating modeled as the combination multiple poles within stack cylinder having constrained outer dimensions. It demonstrated that, at given output torque, number can be optimized minimize either Joule loss or...

The magnetic model self-identification of PM synchronous machines is proposed and experimentally validated. Provided that the shaft free to turn, commissioning procedure consists spinning machine positive negative speed values by way an appropriate pattern $dq$ current reference values. flux linkage versus curves are constructed during test via standard measurements available on any industrial drive: phase currents, dc-link voltage, position. With respect literature, method does not require...

This paper presents a design environment for permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). Two examples electric vehicle (EV) traction are presented: one interior PM machine of the PM-assisted reluctance type and concentrated-winding surface-mounted motor. The parametric software used in this includes equations, finite element analysis (FEA), multiobjective optimization algorithms PMSMs. two possible methodologies, mentioned test cases. EV application was chosen its many challenging aspects,...

The sensorless control of permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance (PMASR) motors is investigated, in order to conjugate the advantages with full exploitation allowed operating area, for a given inverter. An additional pulsating flux injected d-axis direction at low and zero speed, while it dropped out, large save voltage loss. A flux-observer-based scheme used, which includes an accurate knowledge motor magnetic behavior. This leads, general, good robustness against load variations,...