A5042355069- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- History and Developments in Astronomy
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Planetary Science and Exploration
Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
2016-2025
California Institute of Technology
2016-2025
Institut für Palliative Care
1999-2023
Kitt Peak National Observatory
2008-2017
University of Toledo
2017
University of Chicago
2017
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
1997-2012
University of Hawaii System
2010
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2009
Lowell Observatory
2009
Between 1997 June and 2001 February the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) collected 25.4 Tbytes of raw imaging data covering 99.998% celestial sphere in near-infrared J (1.25 μm), H (1.65 Ks (2.16 μm) bandpasses. Observations were conducted from two dedicated 1.3 m diameter telescopes located at Mount Hopkins, Arizona, Cerro Tololo, Chile. The 7.8 s integration time accumulated for each point on sky strict quality control yielded a 10 σ point-source detection level better than 15.8, 15.1,...
The all sky surveys done by the Palomar Observatory Schmidt, European Southern and United Kingdom InfraRed Astronomical Satellite, Two Micron All Sky Survey have proven to be extremely useful tools for astronomy with value that lasts decades. Wide-field Infrared Explorer (WISE) is mapping whole following its launch on 2009 December 14. WISE began surveying 2010 January 14 completed first full coverage of July 17. survey will continue cover a second time until cryogen exhausted (anticipated...
Before the 2-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) began, only six objects were known with spectral types later than M9.5 V. In first 371 deg2 of actual 2MASS survey data, we have identified another 20 such spectroscopically confirmed using Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph (LRIS) at W. M. Keck Observatory. Because TiO and VO bands, which dominate far-optical portions late-M spectra, disappear in these cooler dwarfs, define a new class "L" metallic oxides are replaced by hydrides neutral alkali...
NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) spacecraft has been brought out of hibernation and resumed surveying the sky at 3.4 4.6 um. The scientific objectives NEOWISE reactivation mission are to detect, track, characterize near-Earth asteroids comets. search for minor planets on December 23, 2013, first new object (NEO) was discovered six days later. As an infrared survey, detects based their thermal emission is equally sensitive high low albedo objects; consequently,...
Trigonometric parallax determinations are presented for 28 late type dwarfs and brown dwarfs, including eight M with spectral types between M7 M9.5, 17 L L0 L8, three T dwarfs. Broadband photometry at CCD wavelengths (VRIz) and/or near-IR (JHK) these objects 24 additional late-type Supplemented astrometry from the literature, ten two parallaxes established by association bright, usually HIPPARCOS primaries, this material forms basis studying various color-color color-absolute magnitude...
view Abstract Citations (594) References (62) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS A Standard Stellar Spectral Sequence in the Red/Near-Infrared: Classes K5 to M9 Kirkpatrick, J. D. ; Henry, Todd McCarthy, Donald W., Jr. Spectra of 39 K and M dwarf spectroscopic standards, as well 38 secondary are shown from 6300 9000 A. This sequence 77 spectra ranges V has been classified on Boeshaar system. 14 giant higher luminosity star presented 6900 A, along...
We present JHKs photometry, far red spectra, and spectral classifications for an additional 67 L dwarfs discovered by the Two Micron All Sky Survey. One of goals this new search was to locate more examples latest dwarfs. Of discoveries, 17 have types L6 or later. Analysis these discoveries shows that Hα emission has yet be convincingly detected in any dwarf later than type L4.5, indicating a decline absence chromospheric activity Further analysis 16 (and possibly four more) are lithium brown...
▪ Abstract The establishment of new spectral classes cooler than type M has had a brief, yet already rich, history. Prototypes the “L dwarf” and “T were first found in late 1980s to mid-1990s, with flood discoveries occurring 1990s advent deep, large-area, digital sky surveys. Over four hundred fifty L T dwarfs are now cataloged. This review concentrates on spectroscopic properties these objects, beginning classification schemes rooted MK Process. resulting grid types is then used as tool...
We have combined 2MASS and POSS II data in a search for nearby ultracool (later than M6.5) dwarfs with K_s<12. Spectroscopic follow-up observations identify 53 M7 to M9.5 seven L dwarfs. The observed space density is 0.0045 +- 0.0008 M8-M9.5 per cubic parsec, without accounting biases, consistent mass function that smooth across the stellar/substellar limit. show frequency of H alpha emission peaks at ~100% then decreases cooler In absolute terms, however, as measured by ratio bolometric...
A revised near infrared classification scheme for T dwarfs is presented, based on and superseding prior schemes developed by Burgasser et al. Geballe al., defined following the precepts of MK Process. Drawing from two large spectroscopic libraries identified largely in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Two Micron All Survey, nine primary spectral standards five alternate spanning types T0 to T8 are that match criteria character, brightness, absence a resolved companion accessibility both northern...
We have obtained intermediate resolution spectra of eleven candidate brown dwarf members the Pleiades open cluster using Keck II telescope and LRIS spectrograph. Our primary goal was to determine location "lithium depletion edge" in hence derive a precise age for cluster. All but one our 11 program objects radial velocities appropriate members, moderately strong H alpha emission, spectral types M6 M8.5, as expected their (R-I) colors. constructed color-magnitude diagram faint end main...
We present the discovery of two T dwarf binaries, 2MASS 1225-2739AB and 1534-2952AB, identified in a sample 10 dwarfs imaged with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Planetary Camera 2. Companionship is established by uniquely red F814W-F1042M colors binary components, caused heavily pressure-broadened K I absorption centered at 7665 7699 Å. The separations systems are 0282 ± 0005 0065 0007, implying projected 3.17 0.14 1.0 0.3 AU, respectively. These close similar to those found...
We present preliminary trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions for 22 L dwarfs 18 T measured using the ASTROCAM infrared imager on US Naval Observatory (USNO) 1.55 m Strand Astrometric Reflector. The results presented here are based observations obtained between 2000 September 2002 November; about half of objects have an observational time baseline Δt = 1.3 yr 2.0 yr. Despite these short baselines, astrometric quality is sufficient to produce significant new results, especially nearer...
We present ground-based spectroscopic verification of 6 Y dwarfs (see also Cushing et al.), 89 T dwarfs, 8 L and 1 M dwarf identified by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). Eighty these are cold brown with spectral types ⩾T6, six which have been announced earlier Mainzer al. Burgasser color–color color–type diagrams showing locus M, L, T, in WISE color space. Near-infrared and, a few cases, optical spectra presented for discoveries. classifications as late early objects peculiar...
We present the discovery of seven ultracool brown dwarfs identified with Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). Near-infrared spectroscopy reveals deep absorption bands H_2O and CH_4 that indicate all have spectral types later than UGPS J072227.51-054031.2, latest type T dwarf currently known. The spectrum WISEP J182831.08+265037.8 is distinct in heights J- H-band peaks are approximately equal units f_lambda, so we identify it as archetypal member Y class. spectra at least two other...
We present the discovery of another seven Y dwarfs from Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). Using these objects, as well first six WISE dwarf discoveries Cushing et al., we further explore transition between spectral types T and Y. find that T/Y boundary roughly coincides with spot where J-H colors brown dwarfs, predicted by models, turn back to red. Moreover, use preliminary trigonometric parallax measurements show may also correspond point at which absolute H (1.6 um) W2 (4.6...
We have conducted a 4030 deg2 near-infrared proper motion survey using multi-epoch data from the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS). find 2778 candidates, 647 of which are not listed in SIMBAD. After comparison to Digitized Sky images, we that 107 our candidates lack counterparts at B, R, and I bands thus 2MASS-only detections. present results spectroscopic follow-up 188 targets include infrared-only sources along with selected optical-counterpart faint reduced motions or interesting colors....
We report the first results of a multi-epoch search for wide (separations greater than few tens AU), low-mass tertiary companions volume-limited sample 118 known spectroscopic binaries within 30 pc Sun, using 2MASS Point Source Catalog and follow-up observations with KPNO CTIO 4m telescopes. Note that this is not volume-complete but volume-limited, and, thus, there incompleteness in our reported companion rates. are sensitive to common proper motion separations from roughly 200 AU 10,000...
The CatWISE2020 Catalog consists of 1,890,715,640 sources over the entire sky selected from WISE and NEOWISE survey data at 3.4 4.6 $\mu$m (W1 W2) collected 2010 Jan. 7 to 2018 Dec. 13. This dataset adds two years that used for CatWISE Preliminary (Eisenhardt et al., 2020), bringing total six times as many exposures spanning sixteen large a time baseline AllWISE catalog. other major change is detection list was generated using ${\it crowdsource}$ (Schlafly al. 2019), while software AllWISE....
We present final Spitzer trigonometric parallaxes for 361 L, T, and Y dwarfs. combine these with prior studies to build a list of 525 known dwarfs within 20 pc the Sun, 38 which are presented here first time. Using published photometry spectroscopy as well our own follow-up, we an array color-magnitude color-color diagrams further characterize census members, provide polynomial fits bulk trends. characterizations, assign each object $T_{\rm eff}$ value judge sample completeness over bins...
Abstract A complete accounting of nearby objects—from the highest-mass white dwarf progenitors down to low-mass brown dwarfs—is now possible, thanks an almost set trigonometric parallax determinations from Gaia, ground-based surveys, and Spitzer follow-up. We create a census objects within Sun-centered sphere 20 pc radius check published literature decompose each binary or higher-order system into its separate components. The result is volume-limited ∼3600 individual star formation products...