Interleaving technique is used in some applications due to its advantages regarding filter reduction, dynamic response, and power management. In dual battery system vehicles, the bidirectional dc-dc converter takes advantage of this using three-to-five paralleled buck stages. paper, we propose use a much higher number phases parallel together with digital control. It will be shown that approach opens new possibilities since changes technology are possible. Thus, two 1000-W prototypes have...

Nowadays, most digital controls for power converters are based on DSPs. This paper presents a field programmable gate array (FPGA) control factor correction (PFC) flyback AC/DC converter. The main difference from DSP-based solutions is that FPGAs allow concurrent operation (simultaneous execution of all procedures), enabling high performance and novel methods. algorithm has been developed using hardware description language (VHDL), which provides great flexibility technology independence....

In this paper a simple technique to improve the efficiency on multiphase converters is explored. The number of phases dynamically changed in order reduce power losses at light load. Theoretical considerations about application field and influence output capacitor are provided. Moreover, practical aspects such as MOSFET driver DC current sharing among should be taken into account. Experimental results show that allows important improvements while maintaining satisfactory...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper proposes a new digital pulsewidth modulation (DPWM) architecture that takes advantage of the field-programmable gate array's (FPGA) advanced characteristics, especially delay-locked loop (DLLs) present in almost every FPGA. The proposed DPWM combines synchronous (counter-based) block with an asynchronous for increased resolution without unnecessarily increasing clock frequency....

A new digital control technique for power factor (PF) correction is presented. The main novelty of the method that there no current sensor. Instead, input digitally rebuilt, using estimated in loop. circuit measures and output voltage by means low cost <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ad hoc</i> analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Taking advantage slow dynamic behavior these voltages, almost completely ADCs have been designed,...

Debugging digital controllers for power converters can be a problem because there are both and analog components. This paper focuses on debugging to implemented in Field Programmable Gate Arrays or Application Specific Integrated Circuits, which designed hardware description languages. Four methods proposed described. All of them allow simulation, two also emulation-synthesizing the model converter run complete closed-loop system actual hardware. The first method consists using mixed...

Continuous conduction mode power factor correction (PFC) without input current measurement is a step forward with respect to previously proposed PFC digital controllers. Inductor volt-second (vs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</sub> ) in each switching period enables estimation of the current; however, an accurate compensation small errors measured vs required for match actual current. Otherwise, they are accumulated every over...

Nowadays, the use of hardware in loop (HIL) simulation has gained popularity among researchers all over world. One its main applications is power electronics converters. However, equipment designed for this purpose difficult to acquire some universities or research centers, so ad-hoc solutions implementation HIL low-cost converters a novel topic. information regarding written at high technical level and specific language that not easy non-expert users understand. In paper, systematic...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Some of the recent applications in field power supplies use multiphase converters to achieve fast dynamic response, smaller input/output filters, or better packaging. Typically, these have several paralleled stages, with a current loop each phase and single voltage loop. The presence loops avoids imbalance among phases. purpose this paper is demonstrate that, CCM, proper design, there an...

This paper aims to compare different design alternatives of hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) for emulating power converters in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). It proposes various numerical formats (fixed and floating-point) approaches (pure VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL), Intellectual Properties (IPs), automated MATLAB HDL code, High-Level Synthesis (HLS)) converters. Although the proposed models are simple electronics HIL systems, idea can be extended any system. study...

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is widely adopted for power electronics converters due to its ability optimize system performance under dynamic constraints. However, FPGA implementation remains challenging the complexity of Hardware Description Language (HDL) programming. This paper addresses this challenge by introducing a straightforward methodology that simplifies using MATLAB Simulink HDL Coder. It shown Coder yields favorable synthesis outcomes, both in terms area and time, compared...

Power quality is one of the most critical fields in energy sector. The connection electric vehicles to electrical grid can cause a degradation when charging or discharging battery. Identifying sudden voltage drops, surges, and network interruptions essential avoid failure. A multiple fault classification/monitoring system has been developed based on artificial neural networks implemented an FPGA. system’s performance evaluated using set data obtained from MATLAB/Simulink 2024. Different...

Abstract We provide an alternative proof of Vishik’s nonuniqueness theorem for the forced 2D Euler equation in vorticity class <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mrow> <m:msup> <m:mi>L</m:mi> <m:mn>1</m:mn> </m:msup> <m:mo>∩</m:mo> <m:mi>p</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:math> L^{1}\cap L^{p} with <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo>&lt;</m:mo> <m:mi mathvariant="normal">∞</m:mi> 2&lt;p&lt;\infty . The main variation is construction a smooth and compactly supported unstable vortex, which split...

The energy consumption in mobile systems has become a big challenge that limits high performance and autonomy systems. dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) is recent technique reduces varying dynamically the supply of system accordingly to clock frequency. Buck topology good candidate step variations output meeting DVS requirements. In this paper, it analyzed which fastest evolution can provide topology. minimum time state transition converter its corresponding control law are obtained applying...

This letter proposes a very high resolution digital pulsewidth modulator (DPWM) architecture that takes advantage of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) advanced clock management capability - the fine phase shifting clock. feature is available in almost every FPGA nowadays, thus allowing small and programmable delays between input output clocks. An original use this pushes limits DPWM resolution. The experimental results show time 19.5 ps Virtex-5 FPGA.

Multiphase is an old technique that, nowadays, widely used in several dc-dc applications such as voltage regulator module and automotive. The number of phases usually kept relatively low (three or four) most cases. However, the advantages multiphase converters (mainly reduction input output filters with its associated increase maximum control bandwidth) grow ideal case. This growth limited by nonidealities, mainly tolerances components (semiconductors inductors). purpose this paper to...

Traditional digital power factor correction (PFC) uses three sensors to measure the input and output voltages current. Each sensor, especially current one, increases cost of system generates losses in case resistive sensors. This paper presents a controller for boost PFC converters. It precalculated duty cycles generated offline, applies them switch. In order control converter with nonnominal conditions, just one analog-to-digital (ADC) is used, which measures voltage. Measuring average...

Real-time hardware-in-the-loop implementations for power converters involve digital sampling of the <sc xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on–off</small> signals that are applied to switches. The most basic way considering it, is process only one switch state during a simulation step. This usually causes an incorrect input reading because it can change negative effects include appearance undesirable subharmonics and numerical inaccuracy....

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted inventory management, used for control within an enterprise with large warehousing and manufacturing systems, is currently common practice. There are many applications UAVs enterprise, but they generally in tasks that have high risk connotations to perform activities quickly, such as the cases of enterprises require products quickly efficiently connected a smart city environment. Having up-to-date possible environment allows users necessary information...