A5061102263- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Animal health and immunology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Microscopic Colitis
- Dermatological diseases and infestations
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Helminth infection and control
- Parasites and Host Interactions
Tufts University
2016-2025
New England Disabled Sports
2008-2023
Boston University
1998-2015
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
2004-2014
Office of Infectious Diseases
2012-2013
Tulane University
2010
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2008
Harvard University
2008
Scripps Research Institute
2006
Medical College of Wisconsin
2006
The apicomplexan Cryptosporidium parvum is an intestinal parasite that affects healthy humans and animals, causes unrelenting infection in immunocompromised individuals such as AIDS patients. We report the complete genome sequence of C. parvum, type II isolate. Genome analysis identifies extremely streamlined metabolic pathways a reliance on host for nutrients. In contrast to Plasmodium Toxoplasma, lacks apicoplast its genome, possesses degenerate mitochondrion has lost genome. Several novel...
Cryptosporidium species cause acute gastroenteritis and diarrhoea worldwide. They are members of the Apicomplexa—protozoan pathogens that invade host cells by using a specialized apical complex usually transmitted an invertebrate vector or intermediate host. In contrast to other Apicomplexans, is ingestion oocysts completes its life cycle in single No therapy available, control focuses on eliminating water supplies1. Two species, C. hominis parvum, which differ range, genotype pathogenicity,...
The eaeA gene of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is necessary for intimate attachment to epithelial cells in vitro.Enterohemorrhagic E. (EHEC) strains also possess an eac and are capable microvillus effacement vitro animal models.To assess the role EHEC eae attachment, we constructed deletion/insertion mutation wild-type 0157:H7 strain 86-24 by using linear electroporation a recombinant allele.The mutant obtained was deficient inducing f-actin accumulation HEp-2 incapable attaching...
ABSTRACT Slaughterhouse pig samples were analyzed by PCR for Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection. Thirty-two percent found to be positive, with rates being higher over the summer months. Three isolates from pigs identical in their ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequence human E. type D, two F (from a pig), and nine previously unreported. The viability of these spores was demonstrated ability infect gnotobiotic piglets. presence infection liver shown situ hybridization.
Cryptosporidium hominis causes diarrhea in humans and has been associated with community outbreaks. This study describes the infectivity, illness, serologic response after experimental challenge of 21 healthy adult volunteers 10-500 C. (TU502) oocysts. Sixteen subjects (76.2%) had evidence infection; 50% infectious dose (ID(50)) was estimated to be 10-83 oocysts using clinical microbiologic definitions infection, respectively. Diarrhea occurred 40% receiving 10 a stepwise increase 75% those...
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) of serotype O157:H7 has two putative virulence factors: (i) a fimbrial adhesin, specified by 60-megadalton (MDa) plasmid, and (ii) bacteriophage-specified cytotoxin(s), known as Shiga-like toxin (SLT) or verotoxin. The contribution these factors to the pathogenesis EHEC-induced disease in gnotobiotic piglets was examined. bacterial strains included following: EHEC their corresponding plasmid-cured derivatives; another isolate its derivative which had...
We reported previously that mutation of the chromosomal gene eaeA from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O157:H7 prevented bacterial attachment in vivo. Attachment was restored when EHEC or enteropathogenic E. (EPEC) introduced into mutant on a plasmid. In this communication we have compared gnotobiotic piglets pathogenicities wild-type strain 86-24 and its UMD619 with those two plasmid-complemented strains expressing IntiminO157 IntiminO127 (EPEC). colonized surface...
A cross-sectional case-control study (ratio = 3:1) was conducted over a 15-month period to determine the prevalence and consequences of cryptosporidiosis in hospitalized diarrheic children (0-5 years old) at Mulago Hospital Kampala, Uganda. Cryptosporidium parvum detected genotyped among 2,446 whom 1,779 (72.7%) had diarrhea, 667 (27.3%) were age- sex-matched controls. Of with 532 (29.9%) persistent (> 14 days) diarrhea 1,247 (70.1%) acute diarrhea. Overall, 444 (25.0%) C. parvum, compared...
Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are enteric pathogens that have emerged as significant causes of persistent diarrhea (PD) in immunologically compromised individuals particularly association with HIV/AIDS. We conducted a cross-sectional study on the clinical epidemiology E. children PD, without HIV/AIDS, attending Uganda's Mulago National Referral Hospital. Two hundred forty-three aged < 60 months, admitted between November 2002 May 2003 PD (> 14 days), were analyzed for HIV...
Journal Article The Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Colitis Caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Gnotobiotic Piglets Get access Saul Tzipori, Tzipori Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, and the Attwood Institute for Veterinary Research, Westmeadows, Australia; Centers Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia Please address request reprints to Dr. S. Department Microbiology, 3052, Australia. Search other works this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar I. Kaye Wachsmuth,...
Interactions between colonizing commensal microorganisms and their hosts play important roles in health disease. The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans is a common component of human intestinal flora. To gain insight into C. colonization, genes expressed by fungi grown within host were studied. EFH1 gene, encoding putative transcription factor, was highly during growth the tract. Counterintuitively, an efh1 null mutant exhibited increased colonization murine tract, model whereas...
Easy access to next generation sequencing has enabled the rapid analysis of complex microbial populations. To take full advantage these technologies, animal models enabling manipulation human microbiomes and study impact such perturbations on host are needed. this aim we developing experimentally tractable clinically relevant pig adult infant gastro-intestinal tract. The intestine germ-free piglets was populated with or fecal populations, were maintained solid milk diet, respectively....
A boy aged 6 months who presented with poor weight gain, diarrhoea, and infection Pneumocystis carinii was found to have congenital hypogammaglobulinaemia, which did not improve despite monthly treatment intravenous gammaglobulin. At the age of 3 years 2 he developed severe vomiting diarrhoea due cryptosporidiosis, failed respond conventional treatment. Infusion hyperimmune bovine colostrum produced against parasite antigen, given by nasogastric tube, started after symptoms had persisted for...
Eight strains of laboratory mice were susceptible to subclinical infections with Cryptosporidium sp. at 1 4 days age, but only a transient infection could be established 21 age or older. Immunosuppression 21-day-old failed render them more infection. Laboratory storage conditions for investigated by titration in 1- 4-day-old mice. Storage freezing variety cryoprotectants was unsuccessful, degrees C phosphate-buffered saline 2.5% potassium dichromate possible 6 months.
Bacterial attachment-effacement (att-eff) is emerging as an important virulence characteristic common to both enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. (EHEC). The contribution of the plasmid-encoded EPEC adherence factor production mucosal lesions diarrhea was investigated in gnotobiotic piglets. att-aff intestinal mucosa piglets infected with plasmid-cured strain E2348/69 (O127) indistinguishable from that parent strain, but distribution different; it occurred small...
Cryptosporidium , isolated from calves with diarrhea, infected, or without causing enteritis, seven different species of animals.
Antibodies to cryptosporidium were detected by indirect immunofluorescence in over 80% of sera from 10 animal species, including humans.