A $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is produced in a portable atom-chip system less than $30\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}30\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}15\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{cm}$, where the ultrahigh vacuum maintained by small, $8\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{L}∕\mathrm{s}$, ion pump and nonevaporable getter. An aluminum nitride chip with lithographically patterned copper used to seal system, provide electrical feedthroughs, create magnetic trap...

We demonstrate a two-dimensional (2D) grating magneto-optical trap (GMOT) with single input cooling laser beam and planar diffraction using $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. This configuration increases experimental access when compared traditional 2D (MOT). As described in the paper, output flux is several hundred million rubidium atoms/s at mean velocity of 16.5(9) m/s distribution 4(3) standard deviation. use atomic from GMOT to loading three-dimensional (3D)...

We describe the design and function of a circular magnetic waveguide produced from wires on microchip for atom interferometry using de Broglie waves. The guide is two-dimensional minimum trapping weak-field seeking states atoms or molecules with dipole moment. consists seven sharing common radius. design, time-dependent currents show that it possible to form adjustable height gradient while minimizing perturbation resulting leads wire crossings. This maximal area geometry suited rotation...

We present a compact, transportable system that produces Bose–Einstein condensates near the surface of an integrated atom microchip. The occupies volume 0.4 m3, operates at repetition rate as high 0.3 Hz, and consumes average power 525 W. Evaporative cooling in chip trap with frequencies several kilohertz leads to nearly pure containing 1.9×104 R87b atoms. Partial are observed temperature 1.58(8) μK, close theoretical transition 1.1 μK.

We report the fabrication, characterization, and use of rubidium vapor dispensers based on highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) intercalated with metallic rubidium. Compared to commercial chromate salt dispensers, these HOPG (IHOPG) hold an order magnitude more in a similar volume, require less than one-fourth heating power, emit one-half as many impurities. Appropriate processing permits exposure IHOPG atmosphere for over ninety minutes without any adverse effects. Intercalation cesium...

Ex vacuo atom chips, used in conjunction with a custom thin walled vacuum chamber, have enabled the rapid replacement of chips for magnetically trapped cold experiments. Atoms were >2 kHz magnetic traps created using high power chips. A chamber allowed atoms to be ≲1 mm from chip conductors which located outside system. Placing simplified electrical connections and improved thermal management. Using multi-lead Z-wire design, Bose-Einstein condensate was produced an external chip....

We present the use of direct bonded copper (DBC) for straightforward fabrication high power atom chips. Atom chips using DBC have several benefits: excellent copper/substrate adhesion, purity, thick (>100 μm) layers, substrate thermal conductivity, aspect ratio wires, potential rapid (<8 h) fabrication, and three-dimensional chip structures. Two mask options are presented, as well two methods etching wire patterns into layer. A test chip, able to support 100 current 2 s without...

Currently the most demanding application of extreme ultraviolet optics is connected with development lithography. Not only does each Mo/Si multilayer extreme-ultraviolet stepper mirrors require highest attainable reflectivity at 13 nm (nearly 70 %), but central wavelength these must be measured a repeatability 0.001 and peak reflective masks 0.12 %. We report on two upgrades our NIST/DARPA Reflectometry Facility that have given us ability to achieve 0.1 % 0.3 absolute uncertainty in...

The coherence time, and thus sensitivity, of trapped atom interferometers that use non-degenerate gasses are limited by the collisions between atoms. An analytic model describes effects atoms in an interferometer is developed. It then applied to using a harmonically atomic gas manipulated with single set standing wave laser pulses. used find optimal operating conditions direct Monte-Carlo simulation verify model.

The reported optical constants of uranium differ from that vacuum significantly more than other elements do over the range about 150 to 350 eV. This suggests could be used produce high reflectance imaging mirrors for many soft x-ray applications. Elemental is too chemically active as a front surface mirror without protection. We computed expected carbon-coated films and uranium-nickel alloys low-angle reflectors. Carbon mostly transparent below its K absorption edge at 283 10 degrees grazing...

Email Share with Facebook on X Post reddit LinkedIn Add to Mendeley BibSonomy WeChat Get Citation Copy Text S. Du, M. B. Squires, L. Czaia, D. Z. Anderson, R. A. Saravanan, V. Bright, Y. Imai, J. Reichel, and T. W. Hänsch, "Atom chip Bose-Einstein condensation in a portable vacuum cell," Conference Lasers Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper IPDA1. Export BibTex Endnote (RIS)...

We have developed a new family of EUV multilayer mirror coatings using uranium. Using this approach we coated set six mirrors for the Imager, component IMAGE mission. This mission is Medium Explorer (MIDEX) program, which scheduled launch early in 2000. The Imager will study distribution He<SUP>+</SUP> Earth's plasmasphere by detecting its resonantly scattered emission at 30.4 nm (41 eV) and produce images structure dynamics cold plasma on global scale. There is, however, bright 58.4 (21...

We present a method for generating precise magnetic potentials that can be described by polynomial series along the axis of cold atom waveguide near surface an chip. With single chip design consisting several wire pairs, various axial created varying ratio currents in wires, including double wells, triple and pure harmonic traps with suppression higher order terms. use this to fabricate modest experimental requirements. Finally, we demonstrate well potential.

Currently the most demanding application of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) optics is in lithography. A commercial stepper will likely have six or more normal-incidence reflective optics, and largest these be tens cm diameter. Each Mo/Si multilayer mirrors must highest attainable reflectivity at 13 nm, but importantly central wavelength controlled to better than 0.01 nm peak mask reticle 0.1 percent. In order meet demands, our group National Institute Standards Technology (NIST) has implemented...

Using a thermal gas, we model the signal of trapped interferometer. This interferometer uses two short laser pulses, separated by time T, which act as phase grating for matter waves. Near 2T, there is an echo in cloud's density due to Talbot-Lau effect. Our Wigner function approach and includes weak residual harmonic trap. The analysis shows that potential limits interferometer's visibility, shifts interferometer, alters its dependence. Loss visibility can be mitigated optimizing initial...

Received 2 October 2017DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.96.049902©2017 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasAtom interferometryAtom lasersAtom opticsBose-Einstein condensatesCold atoms & matter wavesCooling trappingAtomic, Molecular Optical

This paper is a report on our effort to use reflectance measurements of set amorphous silicon (a-Si) and uranium (U) multilayer mirrors with an oxide overcoat obtain the optical constants a-Si uranium. The U, its oxides, Si, whether crystalline or amorphous, at 30.4 58.4 nm in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) are source uncertainty design optics. Measured reflectances mirror coatings do not agree calculated using existing all wavelengths. We have magnitude direction shift U from reflectivity DC...

We have recently installed a new sample chamber at the NIST/DARPA EUV Reflectometry Facility National Institute of Standards and Technology. The replaces much smaller system on Beamline 7 Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation that was commissioned almost ten years ago as dedicated facility for measurement normal-incidence extreme ultraviolet optics used in lithography development, astronomy, plasma physics. previous limited to less than 10 cm diameter, and, thus, we were not able measure many...

By utilizing the wave nature of atoms, one can devise a variety atom-based devices and systems in analogy with optical versions. Integrated atom optics seeks to do for what integration has done photon-optics, namely miniaturize turn into practical technology. Already waveguides beamsplitters have been demonstrated research labs now attention is turning towards coherent sources, that is, Bose-Einstein condensates, directly onto "chips." We describe some most recent work integrated our own...

We calculate the sensitivity to changes in temperature and current for a resonant atom interferometer device based on oscillations of cold, magnetically trapped cloud two wire harmonic trap. The trap frequency area enclosed are estimated typical parame- ters. Based this analysis, both more sensitive stability creating magnetic eld than thermal expansion substrate. Current experimental progress measuring chip devices is outlined.