Significance In the perpetual race between evolving organisms and pathogens, human immune system has evolved to reduce harm of infections. As part such a system, avoidance contagious individuals would increase biological fitness. The present study shows that we can detect both facial olfactory cues sickness in others just hours after experimental activation their system. further demonstrates multisensory integration these visual is crucial mechanism for how socially evaluate sick...

Individuals with congenital sensory deprivation usually demonstrate altered brain morphology in areas associated early processing of the absent sense. Here, we aimed to establish whether this also applies individuals born without a sense smell (congenital anosmia) by comparing cerebral between 33 isolated anosmia and matched controls. We detected no morphological alterations primary olfactory (piriform) cortex. However, demonstrated gray matter volume atrophy bilateral sulci, explained...

Anosmia, the complete loss of olfactory perception, has been associated with sensory compensation in non-chemical senses such as vision and hearing, but its relationship tactile perception remains unclear. This study investigates whether isolated congenital anosmia (ICA)-a rare condition which individuals are born without a sense smell otherwise healthy-is linked to heightened self-reported sensitivity compared healthy controls. Drawing on theory anecdotal evidence from related studies, we...

Abstract Removing function from a developed and functional sensory system is known to alter both cerebral morphology connections. To date, majority of studies assessing sensory-dependent plasticity have focused on effects either early onset or long-term loss little how the recent affects human brain. With aim determining connectivity, we assessed differences between individuals with acquired olfactory (duration 7–36 months) matched healthy controls in their grey matter volume, using...

Abstract Congenital blindness is associated with atypical morphology and functional connectivity within from visual cortical regions; changes that are hypothesized to originate a lifelong absence of input could be regarded as general (re) organization principle sensory cortices. Challenging this the fact individuals congenital anosmia (lifelong olfactory loss) display little no morphological in primary cortex. To determine whether birth essential establish maintain normal processing regions,...

Reduced olfactory function is the symptom with highest prevalence in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) nearly 70% of infected individuals experiencing partial or total loss their sense smell at some point during disease. The exact cause not known, but beyond peripheral damage, studies have demonstrated insults to both bulb and central brain areas. However, these often lack baseline pre-COVID-19 assessments control groups, effects could, therefore, simply reflect pre-existing risk...

Prolonged sensory deprivation has repeatedly been linked to cortical reorganization. We recently demonstrated that individuals with congenital anosmia (CA, complete olfactory since birth) have seemingly normal morphology in piriform (olfactory) cortex despite profound morphological deviations the orbitofrontal (OFC), a finding contradictory both known effects of blindness on visual and sparse literature brain anosmia. To establish whether these unexpected findings reflect true CA, we first...

Lifelong auditory and visual sensory deprivation have been demonstrated to alter both perceptual acuity the neural processing of remaining senses. Recently, it was that individuals with anosmia, i.e. complete olfactory deprivation, displayed enhanced multisensory integration performance. Whether this ability is due a reorganization regions focus on cross-modal information or whether within not known. To dissociate these two outcomes, we investigated dynamic audio-visual stimuli in congenital...

ABSTRACT Individuals with congenital sensory loss usually demonstrate altered brain morphology in areas associated early processing of the lost sense. Here, we aimed to establish whether this also applies individuals born without a sense smell (congenital anosmia) by comparing cortical between 33 isolated anosmia and matched controls. We detected no structural alterations primary olfactory (piriform) cortex. However, demonstrated gray matter volume atrophy bilateral sulci, explained...

ABSTRACT Prolonged sensory deprivation has repeatedly been linked to cortical reorganization. We recently demonstrated that individuals with congenital anosmia (CA, complete olfactory since birth) have seemingly normal morphology in piriform (olfactory) cortex despite profound morphological deviations the orbitofrontal (OFC), a finding contradictory both known effects of blindness on visual and sparse literature brain anosmia. To establish whether these unexpected findings reflect true CA,...

Abstract Primary sensory cortices have been demonstrated to process input from non-preferred modalities, e.g. primary visual cortex reacting auditory stimulation, bringing their presumed specificity into question. Whether this reflects processing of the stimulus per se or originates cross-modal associations is debated. Visual/auditory objects typically strong reciprocal associations; hence, it difficult address question in these modalities. Here, we attempt dissociate between two competing...

ABSTRACT Reduced olfactory function is the symptom with highest prevalence in COVID-19 nearly 70% of individuals experiencing partial or total loss their sense smell at some point during disease. The exact cause not known but beyond peripheral damage, studies have demonstrated insults to both bulb and central brain areas. However, these often lack baseline pre-COVID-19 assessments a control group could therefore simply reflect preexisting risk factors. Right before outbreak, we completed an...

ABSTRACT Auditory and visual sensory loss has repeatedly been shown to alter abilities in remaining modalities. It is, however, unclear whether also impacts multisensory integration; an ability that is fundamental for the perception of world around us. We determined effects olfactory deprivation on by assessing temporal as well semantic aspects audio-visual integration 37 individuals with anosmia (complete loss) healthy, matched controls. Participants performed a simultaneity judgement task...

ABSTRACT Congenital blindness is associated with atypical morphology, and functional connectivity within from, visual cortical regions; changes that are hypothesized to originate from a life-long absence of input could be regarded as general (re)organization principle sensory cortices. Challenging this the fact individuals congenital anosmia (life-long olfactory loss) display little no morphological in primary cortex. To determine whether birth essential establish maintain normal processing...

ABSTRACT Removing function from a developed and functional sensory system is known to alter both cerebral morphology connections. To date, majority of studies assessing sensory-dependent plasticity have focused on effects either early onset or long-term loss little how the recent affects human brain. With aim determining connectivity, we assessed differences between individuals with acquired olfactory (duration 7-36 months, n=20) matched healthy controls (n=23) in their grey matter volume,...