A sum-frequency spectroscopy scheme is developed that allows the measurement of vibrational spectra interfacial molecular structure charged water interfaces. The application this to a prototype lipid-aqueous interface as demonstration reveals an hydrogen-bonding layer responds sensitively charge state lipid headgroup and its interaction with specific ions. This novel technique provides unique opportunities search for better understanding electrochemistry biological aqueous interfaces at deeper level.

Surface initiated polymerization (SIP) has become an attractive method for tailoring physical and chemical properties of surfaces a broad range applications. Most those applications relied on the merit high density coating. In this study, we explored long overlooked field SIP: SIP from substrates low initiator density. We combined ellipsometry with AFM to investigate effect time morphology polymer coatings. addition, carefully adjusted nanoscale separation chains achieve balance between...

Biomass-derived porous carbons are regarded as the most preferential adsorbents for CO2 capture due to their well-developed textural properties, tunable porosity and low cost. Herein, novel were facilely prepared by activation of palm sheath highly selective separation from gas mixtures. The features carbon materials characterized analysis surface morphology N2 isotherms characterization. as-prepared possess an excellent adsorption capacity 3.48 mmol g-1 (298 K) 5.28 (273 at 1 bar,...

For achieving high-resolution nanostructures for next-generation diffractive optical elements (DOEs) using an environmentally friendly process, electrochemical development strategy is proposed and developed AgInSbTe-based laser heat-mode resist (AIST-LHR). Based on the electrical resistivity difference of amorphous crystalline phases this resist, etching selectivity ratio ≈30:1 (i.e., etch between ones) achieved through oxidation Fe3+ ions with assisted pitting activation Cl- in acid medium....

Abstract Flowerlike structured In 2 O 3 were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal process and the subsequent calcinations. The obtained sample consists of microrods with an average diameter 0.5‐1 μm length 1‐3 μm. Structure property characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM). sensing properties towards trimethylamine (TMA) examined at 200‐400 °C, which showed high sensitivity, better selectivity, prompt response/recovery...

ABSTRACT The thermal properties and mechanical are the key factors of phase‐change microcapsules (microPCMs) in energy‐storage applications. In this study, microPCMs based on an n ‐octadecane (C18) core a melamine–urea–formaldehyde (MUF) shell supplemented with O 2 ‐plasma‐modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized through situ polymerization. Meanwhile, two different addition methods, modified CNTs into emulsion system or polymer system, compared examined. Scanning...

Abstract Zeolites with molecular dimension pores are widely used in petrochemical and fine‐chemical industries. While traditional solvothermal syntheses suffer from environmental, safety, efficiency issues, the newly developed solvent‐free synthesis is limited by zeolite crystal aggregation. Herein, we report well‐dispersed faceted silicalite ZSM‐5 crystals obtained using a facilitated graphene oxide (GO). The selective interactions between GO sheets different facets, which confirmed...

A low-voltage multilevel organic thin-film memory device is proposed and demonstrated for nonvolatile data storage. Charge carrier density in the storage field was tuned up to four discrete levels pentacene transistor with poly(methyl methacrylate)-modified Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> film as dielectric layer through light-assisted program procedures. Charges can...

Lead citrate is a key precursor for the green recycling of spent lead acid battery paste in citric acid/sodium (CA/SC) solution. In this study, main component, PbSO4, was leached and crystallized to yield citrate. Results showed that leaching PbSO4 solution remarkably enhanced by an increase temperature from 35 °C 95 sodium (SC) concentration 50 650 g/L. comparison, increasing molar ratio inhibited leaching. Controlled crystallization through cooling or adjusting pH can effectively produce...

Nanoscale-patterned chromium (Cr) metal structures are widely used in a large variety of semiconductor processing fields. These usually fabricated via the direct etching method. Owing to drawbacks traditional lithography techniques (such as electron beam, ion and scanning probe lithography), it is still high-cost complex work accomplish nanoscale structure fabrication. In this paper, through laser heat-mode lithography, chalcogenide AgInSbTe (AIST) film chosen dry-etching resist fabricate...

The MoS2/ACx catalyst for hydrogenation of naphthalene to tetralin was prepared with untreated and modified activated carbon (ACx) as support characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, scanning electron microscopy, temperature-programmed desorption ammonia, photoelectron spectroscopy, scaning transmission microscopy. results show that the modification HNO3 changes physical chemical properties (AC), which mainly increases micropore surface area AC from 1091 1209 m2/g,...

In this work, we report a facile and effective strategy to generate patterned wrinkles. This includes first adhering thin poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) film (<82 µm) on porous conductive adhesive tape (CAT), followed by sputter coating of Au onto PDMS under vacuum condition, which results in formation wrinkles the Au-PDMS bilayer. CAT was found induce local stretching film, key for controlled wrinkle formation. Compared with previous wrinkling methods, our is simpler gives smaller feature...

A nanofibrous membrane fabricated by electrospinning (ES) technology has found a pyramid of promising applications; to satisfy the demand various applications, membranes with tunable surface chemistry are needed, and thus effective modification strategies for functionalizing nanofibers highly desired. To this end, we herein report general convenient method functionalize ES nanofibers. We have developed that produces initiators covalently anchored on fiber surface, which term as iES....

We design and fabricate a substrate based on three-dimensional array–film hybrid structure used for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This exhibits improvements both in sensitivity homogeneity the signals. As result, increases signal of Rhodamine 6G by 12.3 times under same measurement conditions, compared with conventional gold array sitting directly silica wafer. The SERS can be easily tuned changing thickness SiO2 separation. Meanwhile, relative standard deviations are achieved to...

As a crucial part of high-speed polar coordinate laser writing system, the alignment rotatory stage axis and optical has been key point that influences accuracy whole system fabrication patterns. An method is proposed. established imaging subsystem calibrated by high precision calibration object. A circle center lookup algorithm applied to find rotary stage. The could reach 400 nm. results indicate proposed good for axis. useful in fields high-resolution maskless lithography coordinates.

Motorized stages are widely used in the fields of processing and measurement, such as lithography, semiconductor packaging, biochips, micro/nanostructure characterization. We propose a tightly focused laser marking method for measuring motion performance motorized stages. In this method, test sample is coated with heat-mode resist thin films fixed onto A spot size ∼520 nm irradiates films, which then absorb energy heated. laser-induced films' structural change from an amorphous state to...

Auto-focusing methods, including infrared ranging, laser triangulation, ultrasound distance measurement, contrast detection, phase depth from defocus, and focus, are widely applied in direct writing system. Concurrently, the samples with an ultra-clean surface may cause focusing to fail. This paper presents a method based on projection view solve auto-focusing problem of sample. A Koller illumination path, is projected focal plane objective lens. One can, use image charge coupled device...

Pure KIT-5 and a series of Al-KT-X materials modified by different amounts aluminum were synthesized direct hydrothermal method acted as supports for the catalysts quinoline hydrodenitrification reaction with NiW active phases supported. The results X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 isotherm absorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) indicated that Al species embedded into framework large pore size, volume, specific surface area. Pyridine-Fourier...