Band gap-tunable potassium doped graphitic carbon nitride with enhanced mineralization ability was prepared using dicyandiamide monomer and hydrate as precursors. X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the catalysts. The CB VB potentials of could be tuned from -1.09 +1.56 eV -0.31 +2.21 by controlling K concentration....

The formation of hydrate in the system with a high carbon dioxide (CO2) content will block pipeline and threaten transportation efficiency security deep-sea oil gas pipelines. To guarantee flow pipelines, characteristics CO2 pure water utilizing high-pressure loop were investigation. On properties formation, impacts initial pressure, velocity, two inhibitors, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) glycine, examined. It was found that as pressure increased, induction time shrank rate rose. However,...

Abstract A novel anionic Gemini surfactant containing oxygen atoms in the linking group was designed and synthesized. The surface properties of were investigated by measuring tension conductivity. showed a low critical micelle concentration value, which decreases with increasing NaCl. calculated physicochemical indicate that interact water molecules stronger than CH 2 .

The research on gas hydrates can be divided into two subfields: risk prevention and control of pipeline blockage by industrial applications solidified natural (SNG) in storage transportation, seawater desalination, recovery. opposing properties have stimulated promoting inhibiting methods. A considerable number studies reported that the same type additive play a or effect at different concentrations. This study evaluated kinetic effects low concentrations ethylene glycol (EG) sodium chloride...

Since their discovery, hydrates have become an important part of the oil and gas industry. The formation dissociation affect production efficiency. Dispersants can be used to control hydrate are irreplaceable in industrial applications, such as pipeline fluid transportation, hydration, environmental treatment. However, research on formation/decomposition with dispersants remains inadequate, applications technology still initial stage. To understand how influence natural hydrates, this paper...

In the petroleum and industrial fields, hydrates are easily formed in process of oil gas transportation, which affects normal operation pipelines even causes safety accidents. The formation four different oily white emulsion systems 20%, 30%, 40% 50% was compared. change chord length before after hydration reaction studied, mechanism hydrate slurry coalescence explained. low water content system, water-in-oil system tended to be stable under influence interface charge.

As a porous medium with rich pore structure, activated carbon (AC) was once considered the best carrier for hydrate storage and transportation. However, harsh conditions of reaction in wet environment have always limited sufficient rapid formation hydrate. Therefore, influences particle size (4–8, 8–16, 20–40 100 mesh) liquid phase saturation (fully/partially saturated) sodium dodecyl sulfate system on were investigated. The results showed that small fully saturated led to increase...

Abstract Hydrate technology promoted the development of natural gas industry. Nanoparticles showed a broad prospect for hydrate because their excellent mass and heat transfer characteristics. At an experimental temperature 275.15 K pressure 5 MPa, silica nanoparticles cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were used to investigate characteristics (pressure drop, storage capacity, formation rate). The results that higher concentration nanofluid, shorter induction time. Among four (0.1, 0.2,...

Aiming at the problem of natural gas hydrate blockage in oil and pipelines. The key to rationally inhibiting formation hydrates pipelines is find factors that lead rapid coalescence hydrates. We studied effect 0.2 wt% graphite particles Fe2O3 (20 nm 1 μm) as solid dispersants on a W/O emulsion system 275.15 K 7 MPa. results showed could be adsorbed interface Pickering inhibit binding particles. In addition, improve mass heat transfer capacity reaction increase final consumption. 20 particle...

Through the experimental tests as performed on a high-pressure flow loop test bench, synergistic effect of diethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl and ethylene phenyl ether inhibition inhibitors hydrate growth was explored under same initial temperature (285.15 K), pressure (5.0 MPa) rate (230 L/h). The average particle size, relative performance factor (RIP), formation methane in system with single kinetic inhibitor (or monoalcohol agent) were obtained by experiments, compared relevant...

Hydrates in partially dispersed system can easily form pipelines and cause blockages. Therefore, the formation blockage characteristics of hydrates under different pressures temperatures were studied through a high-pressure circulation pipeline. The results showed that induction time plugging decrease as initial pressure increases. An increase flow rate will prolong period time. A free water layer appears at bottom pipeline before hydrate formation, films are formed on inner wall When...

Hydrates in partially dispersed system can easily form pipelines and cause blockages. Therefore, the formation blockage characteristics of hydrates under different pressures temperatures were studied through a high-pressure circulation pipeline. The results showed that induction time plugging decrease as initial pressure increases. An increase flow rate will prolong period time. A free water layer appears at bottom pipeline before hydrate formation, films are formed on inner wall When...