Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major economic pest throughout the Western Hemisphere. Studies of populations in southern United States and Caribbean demonstrated existence two morphologically identical but genetically distinct host strains. These races can be distinguished by using polymorphisms mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene that define maternal lineages correlate with strain-specific behaviors Florida populations. Although there...

Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a Neotropical species found from Argentina to the United States of America. In its distribution area, two genetically distinct strains are that differ in their plant host distribution. The morphologically identical, and they can only be reliably distinguished by molecular markers. this study, we characterized caterpillars collected corn, Zea mays L., rice, Oryza sativa plantations state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. mitochondrial...

In this present study the effect of vegetable extracts obtained from 19 plant species on development Spodoptera frugiperda was evaluated. The aqueous were prepared by maceration (4oC) and infusion (90oC) at 10%. experiments realized under controlled conditions (12h photophase 25°C 70% U.R.) using 100µL extract in artificial diet fed to 2o instar caterpillars individually identified. control samples substituted distilled water. Amongst medicinal tested, only Lantana camara had no any...

<b> </b>Thesaponins are glycosides with wide distribution among plants which may be toxic for herbivorous arthropods. Their insecticidal activity associated to the ability of producing alterations in feeding behavior, molting process and causing death. This study evaluated lethal sub effects a saponins extract, obtained from <i>Passifloraalata</i> on <i>Spodopterafrugiperda</i>, by ingestion tests artificial diet. Nine solutions increasingextract concentration control solution sterile...

A Bt soybean has been recently developed, thus, efficiently regulating the populations of major lepidopteran pests. However, in other cases, these benefits have reduced or lost because rapid evolution pest resistance to toxins transgenic crops. When are exposed crops and refuges (non- plants), is governed by fitness resistant individuals relative susceptible for both presence absence toxins. One ecological concern regarding biosafety on environment their potential effects non-target...

Os nematóides são encontrados em quase todos os ambientes do mundo; aproximadamente 10% parasitas de plantas podendo causar danos todas as partes vegetais, sendo raízes seu alvo principal. prejuízos financeiros decorrentes da atividade destes nos diferentes cultivos foram estimados cerca R$ 400 milhões anuais. São conhecidas mais 90 espécies gênero Meloidogyne; no entanto, que causam econômicos importantes são: M. incognita, javanica, arenariae hapla. As bactérias com capacidade doenças aos...

The study of proteins transferred through semen can provide important information for biological questions such as adaptive evolution, the origin new species and richness. objective this was to identify seminal fluid (SFPs) that may contribute reproductive system tiger beetles (cicindelids), a group more than 2,500 distributed worldwide occupy great diversity habitats.Two cDNA libraries were constructed from male gonads Calomera littoralis Cephalota litorea. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs)...

ABSTRACT Nematodes are important pests in agriculture, causing losses that reach $ 125 million annually. In addition to chemical control, biological control using strains of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis has been studied. The aim this study was evaluate toxicity new strain B. Meloidogyne sp., laboratory and greenhouse, as well content cry genes structural ultrastructural analyzes. MTox 1886-2 isolate used, at different concentrations, juveniles (J2) laboratory, eggs greenhouse....

The phylogenetic relationships of twelve species Chauliognathus were investigated by studying the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene. A 678 bp fragment COI gene was sequenced to test hypothesis that Müllerian mimicry "yellow-black" complex make up a monophyletic clade, separated from with other colour patterns. data set analysed neighbour-joining, maximum parsimony and likelihood procedures. results support single origin yellow-black pattern during evolution genus, one main clade formed...

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This study presents data on morphometric variation for length and width of elytra in tive sympatric species the genus Chauliognathus Hentz, 1830: C. flavipes Fabricius, 1781, octomaculatus Pie, 1915, expansus Waterhouse, 1878, fallax Germar, 1824 lineatus Zwetsch & Machado, 2000. The meaning this is discussed light theory mimicry visual communication between prey predator. Females are larger than males all species, except expansus. analysis variance elytron as well showed that differences...

The relationship between humans and the insect pests of cultivated plants may be considered to an indirect coevolutionary process, i.e., arms race. Over time, have developed several strategies minimize negative impacts insects on agricultural production. However, made adaptive responses via evolution resistance insecticides, more recently against Bacillus thuriengiensis. Thus, we need continuously invest resources in development new for crop protection. Recent advances genomics demonstrated...

The relative population sizes of a species complex Chauliognathus are reported, as well their spatial distribution associated with different patches food plants. Field work was done at Fazenda Santa Isabel, municipality Guaíba, State Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. results suggest that two mechanisms account for the reduction in competition among involved: one is asynchrony appearance area, and other aggregation Since here reported show similar colour pattern (yellow-black) possibility occurrence...

This study presents data on the color polymorphism in Chauliognathus flavipes Fabricius 1781 (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), analysing variations emergence pattern of phenotypic classes for elytra and mating system. The frequency varies significantly throughout season (males:X² = 59,705; females: X² 61,017; 10 gl; p<0.001) being similar males females. does not differ among insects that were copulating those at time collection, i.e., matings are random patterns. observed influenced by factors...

Beetles of the species Chauliognathus fallax Germar 1824 are polymorphic for elytron colouration with six morphs distinguished on basis black pigmentation a yellow background. We investigated samples C. taken in eight consecutive weeks aiming to determine frequency which were grouped, statistical analysis, into three classes according elytra as well possible occurrence assortative mating. Our results showed variation throughout season, both males and females, maximum each class at fourth...

ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of statistical analysis microbiological, physical and chemical parameters related to quality water used in rice fields Southern Brazil. Data were collected during three consecutive crop years, within structure a comprehensive monitoring program. The indicators were: potential hydrogen, electrical conductivity, turbidity, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, total fecal coliforms. Principal Component Discriminant Analysis showed consistent...