Collecting accurate real-time soil moisture data in crop root zones is the foundation of automated precision irrigation systems. Soil sensors (SMSs) have been used to monitor water content (SWC) fields for a long time; however, there no generally accepted guideline determining optimal number and placement profile. In order study adequate positioning installation profile, six years field experiments were carried out North China Plain (NCP). was measured using gravimetric method every 7 10...

High-low seedbed cultivation (HLSC) is a key technique now used by smallholder and large farmers to increase the land utilization rate of wheat production in North China Plain (NCP). However, little information available on its superiority crop productivity, resource efficiency, net return comparison with flat (FC). A field experiment was conducted NCP 2020–2021 2021–2022 seasons determine whether HLSC would evapotranspiration (ET), intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR),...

Soil salinization adversely affects agricultural productivity. Mitigating the adverse effects of salinity represents a current major challenge for researchers worldwide. The exogenously applied glycine betaine (GB) and salicylic acid (SA) on mitigating sodium toxicity improving growth cotton seedlings subjected to salt stress remain unclear. treatments in phytotron included control (CK, untreated, non-saline), two NaCl conditions (0 150 mM), four exogenous GB concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5...

In order to explore the efficient use of water and nitrogen for winter wheat under irrigation with micro-sprinkling hose, two-season field experiments were conducted evaluate effects levels application rate on yield, productivity (WP) partial factor (NPFP). Three 60 %, 65 70 % capacity (FC) during reviving jointing stage, 75 FC after referred as W1, W2 W3, respectively. The irrigating quota is 30 mm. five N topdressing period treatments + booting stage (N1), (N2), (N3), (N4), (N5). results...

Heat stress (HS) negatively affects the growth, metabolism, reproduction, and productivity of plants its adversary can be lessened through using exogenous substance (ES). With an extensive comprehensive review 136 collective literatures published for last two decades on alleviation HS in applying 65 ESs, we have propose discussed details six mechanisms that underline their different effects plant responses regulations against at structural, biochemical, molecular level through: 1) improving...

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact water and nitrogen regulation on characteristics fertilizer demands yield, quality, efficiencies utilization peanuts cultivated under mulched drip irrigation in a desert–oasis region. experiment, conducted Urumqi, Xinjiang, centered elucidating response mechanisms governing peanut growth, consumption patterns, during reproductive period influence regulation. In field experiments, three levels were implemented, denoted as W1 (irrigation...

In order to explore the applicability of peanut growth simulation model CSM-CROPGRO-Peanut under conditions mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang, and determine optimal scenario for parameter estimation validation, field experiments were conducted 2022 2023 on water nitrogen regulation peanut. Based requirements during stages growth, three levels (low, medium, high) two application (100% N 50% N) set, resulting six treatments. An additional control treatment (CK) with a medium level no was...

Asymmetrical river confluence zones play a critical role in water quality protection and remediation. This study develops three-dimensional numerical model to simulate the hydraulic characteristics contaminant dispersion processes within channels. The results indicate that variations two geometric factors—the angle elevation difference—can produce range of effects. Under combined influence these factors, trajectory line at pollutant-mixing interface follows “logarithmic” growth pattern. As...

To optimize water–nitrogen management for mulched drip-irrigated peanuts in Xinjiang, a three-season field experiment was conducted to assess the impacts of drip irrigation rates and coupling on peanut growth, yield, quality, use efficiency. Two accounts (30 37.5 mm, denoted as W1 W2), three nitrogen application levels (half conventional application, N1 N2), control treatment (CK) without two discharge (3.0 6.0 L h−1, Q1 Q2) were utilized total five treatments per year, repeated times. The...

The optimization of irrigation and fertilization indexes for peanuts with drip is urgently needed in Xinjiang. A field experiment was conducted during the 2021 peanut growing season at Urumqi, Xinjiang, Northwestern China, to evaluate effects different water nitrogen treatments on growth, yield, utilization peanuts. In experiments, we set up three levels (irrigation quotas 22.5, 30, 37.5 mm, respectively, W1, W2, W3), two application (77.5 110 kg·ha-1, recorded as N1 N2), a control treatment...

Reducing crop luxury transpiration is an important step in improving water productivity; shortage regions are potential hotspots for studying physiological conservation. This study investigated the amount of winter wheat and its responses to different irrigation treatments North China Plain. The results showed that existed increased with growth after rainfall. In each sampling day, under full was significantly higher than deficit irrigation. average 258.87 g/m2 irrigation, 125.18 during...

Brackish water has to be used irrigate crops for harvest due the scarcity of freshwater resources. However, brackish irrigation may cause secondary soil salinization. Whether combined utilization different non-conventional resources could relieve risk salinization not been reported. In order explore safe and rational in areas where are scarce, a pot experiment was conducted study mixed rotational using reclaimed or freshwater. The results indicated that: (1) Short-term did salinization,...

During four consecutive growing seasons (2014–2018), field experiments were conducted in the North China to determine winter wheat production function. The carried out using subjected N levels (N120, N180, N240, and N300) three irrigation (If, I0.8f, I0.6f). main aims characterize productivity, drought response factor Ky, grain yield functions relation water supply under different fertilizer levels. amount of (rain + irrigation) 326–434, 333–441, 384–492, 332–440 mm 2014–2015, 2015–2016,...

Abstract In three growing seasons from 2009 to 2012, we investigated the effects of different combinations pre‐sowing irrigation and supplemental on crop water consumption, grain yield, productivity (WP) winter wheat. One conventional schedule (irrigation applied at overwintering jointing stages) can stabilize wheat yield WP with low or sufficient rainfall, but another reviving filling decreased significantly continuous droughts throughout spring. The recovery elongation stage had a in less...

Abstract BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the effects of water–nitrogen interaction on grain quality two varieties japonica rice grown North China Plain, based evaluations biochemical components, starch X‐ray diffraction properties, thermal and pasting characteristics, particle size distribution. RESULTS We found that, under controlled irrigation, increasing levels nitrogen resulted in a reduction content an increase protein content. Nitrogen fertilization, their had significant...

ABSTRACT Extrusion with CO 2 injection was developed to simplify the process of producing vacuum‐puffed yukwa (rice snacks). The effects feed moisture content and on characteristics extruded pellets (maximum viscosity degree gelatinization) (expansion ratio, bulk density, hardness, color) were investigated. Higher increased size gelatinization, whereas maximum decreased. Maximum gelatinization highly correlated expansion color values . Increasing significantly ratio but decreased density...

为了明确河南中部地区冬小麦品种改良过程中物质积累与转运特性及对水分亏缺响应的差异, 选取新中国成立以来6个不同年代主栽冬小麦品种, 采用测坑试验研究了冬小麦品种在不同水分胁迫(CK: 充分供水田间持水量的75%~85%; MD: 轻度干旱, 田间持水量的60%~70%; SD: 重度干旱, 田间持水量的45%~55%)下干物质生产与积累转运特性的演进特征及其与产量的关系。结果表明, 品种改良协调了干物质在各生育阶段的分配, 使花前和花后干物质积累与转运对籽粒的贡献更加平衡。在品种更替过程中, 株高和穗下节降低, 千粒重、籽粒产量和收获指数增加, 干物质积累总量无显著差异, 千粒重和收获指数的提高对产量增加起重要作用。在CK、MD和SD处理下, 20世纪90年代和2002年品种比20世纪50年代品种平均株高降低35.2%、36.2%和38.2%, 平均千粒重比增加31.7%、17.4%和56.3%, 平均籽粒产量增加40.4%、43.0%和52.4%;...

通过两个生长季(2006～2007年)的大田试验, 研究了1︰3和2︰3两种间作模式及单作种植对玉米和大豆群体辐射截获与利用以及产量的影响。结果表明, 单作玉米、单作大豆、1︰3间作和2︰3间作的消光系数分别为0.45、0.60、0.53和0.52。播后第79 d前, 间作和单作玉米的干物质量间差异不显著; 此后, 1︰3间作玉米的干物质量极显著高于单作玉米, 1︰3和2︰3间作模式之间玉米干物质量的差异显著; 观测期内, 大豆干物质量单作和间作间差异显著。玉米/大豆1︰3间作群体的辐射利用率(3.51 g·MJ^-1)和2︰3间作群体的辐射利用率(3.49 g· MJ^-1)约为单作大豆辐射利用率(1.24g· MJ^-1)的2.8倍, 但略低于单作玉米(3.56 MJ^-1)。虽然单作玉米和大豆的籽粒产量均高于间作群体内玉米和大豆的籽粒产量, 但间作群体的总产量分别比单作玉米和大豆的产量高约6.0%和320%; 间作种植收入比单作玉米高56%～60%, 比单作大豆高70%～74%。本研究表明,...

The matching relationship between the spatial structure of cotton cluster root systems and soil-wetting patterns under mulched drip irrigation forms theoretical basis for technical design irrigation. A 2-year field experiment was conducted, in which different were produced by setting emitter discharge rates. envelopes length densities derived using topological methodology used to examine effects on water uptake capacity within row spaces. results showed that rows grown narrower deeper...