A comprehensive viscous hydrodynamic fit of spectra and elliptic flow for charged hadrons identified pions protons from Au+Au collisions all centralities measured at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is performed used as basis predicting analogous observables Pb+Pb Large Hadron sqrt(s)=2.76 5.5 TeV. Comparison with recent measurements by ALICE experiment shows that model slightly over-predicts data if same (constant) specific shear viscosity eta/s assumed both collision energies. In spite...

Relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics is a common tool to describe the space-time evolution of strongly interacting matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. For proper comparison experimental data, fluid-dynamical calculations have be performed on an event-by-event basis. Therefore, should able reproduce, not only event-averaged momentum anisotropies, $\ensuremath{\langle}{v}_{n}\ensuremath{\rangle}$, but also their distributions. In this paper, we investigate...

We investigate the influence of a temperature-dependent shear viscosity over entropy density ratio eta/s on transverse momentum spectra and elliptic flow hadrons in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. find that sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC is dominated by hadronic phase transition region, but largely insensitive to quark-gluon plasma (QGP). At highest LHC energy, becomes sensitive QGP viscosity.

We study relativistic S+Au collisions at $200A$ GeV/$c$ using a hydrodynamical approach. test various equations of state (EOS's), which are used to describe the strongly interacting matter densities attainable in CERN-SPS heavy ion experiments. For each EOS, suitable initial conditions can be determined reproduce experimental hadron spectra; this emphasizes ambiguity between and EOS such an Simultaneously, we calculate resulting thermal photon dielectron spectra, compare with If one allows...

We study the influence of a temperature-dependent shear viscosity over entropy density ratio $\eta/s$, different relaxation times $\tau_\pi$, as well initial conditions on transverse momentum spectra charged hadrons and identified particles. investigate azimuthal flow asymmetries function both collision energy centrality. The elliptic coefficient turns out to be dominated by hadronic at RHIC energies. Only higher energies impact in QGP phase is visible asymmetries. Nevertheless, near QCD...

Application of hydrodynamics for modeling heavy-ion collisions is reviewed. We consider several physical observables that can be calculated in this approach and compare them to the experimental measurements.

Hybrid approaches based on relativistic hydrodynamics and transport theory have been successfully applied for many years the dynamical description of heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies. In this work a new viscous hybrid model employing hadron approach UrQMD early late nonequilibrium stages reaction, 3+1 dimensional hot dense quark-gluon plasma stage, is introduced. This includes equation motion finite baryon number employs an state with net-baryon density to allow...

Using the ($2+1$)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic code vish2$+$1 [H. Song and U. Heinz, Phys. Lett. B 658, 279 (2008); H. Rev. C 77, 064901 Song, Ph. D. thesis, The Ohio State University, 2009], we present systematic studies of dependence pion proton transverse-momentum spectra their elliptic flow in $200A$ GeV Au$+$Au collisions on parameters model (thermalization time, initial entropy density distribution, decoupling temperature, equation state, specific shear viscosity...

We utilize nonequilibrium covariant transport theory to determine the region of validity causal Israel-Stewart (IS) dissipative hydrodynamics and Navier-Stokes (NS) for relativistic heavy ion physics applications. A massless ideal gas with $2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2$ interactions is considered in a Bjorken scenario 0 + 1 dimension (D) appropriate early longitudinal expansion stage collision. In scale-invariant case constant shear viscosity entropy density ratio...

Quarks produced in the early stage of non-central heavy-ion collisions could develop a global spin polarization along opposite direction reaction plane due to spin-orbital coupling via parton interaction medium that has finite longitudinal flow shear impact parameter. We study how such evolves multiple scattering viscous quark-gluon plasma with an initial laminar flow. The final is found be sensitive viscosity and local

We study the effects of hadronic rescattering on hadron distributions in high-energy nuclear collisions by using an integrated dynamical approach. This approach is based a hybrid model combining (3 + 1)-dimensional ideal hydrodynamics for quark gluon plasma (QGP) and transport resonance gas. Since are result entire expansion history system, understanding QGP properties requires investigating how during stage affects final hadrons. include multistrange hadrons our quantify their mean...

We compare 2 → covariant transport theory and causal Israel–Stewart hydrodynamics in a (2 + 1)-dimensional longitudinally boost-invariant geometry with RHIC-like initial conditions conformal ε = 3p equation of state. The pressure evolution the center collision zone final differential elliptic flow v2(pT) from two theories agree remarkably well for small shear viscosity to entropy density ratio η/s ≈ 1/(4π), also large cross section σ 50 mb. A key this agreement is keeping all terms equations...

We predict the elliptic flow parameter ${v}_{2}$ in $\mathrm{U}+\mathrm{U}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=200$ GeV and $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV using a hybrid model which evolution of quark gluon plasma is described by ideal hydrodynamics with state-of-the-art lattice QCD equation state subsequent hadronic stage hadron cascade model.

Fluid dynamical description of elementary particle collisions has a long history dating back to the works Landau and Fermi. Nevertheless, it is during last 10-15 years when fluid dynamics become standard tool describe evolution matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. In this review I briefly hydrodynamical models, what we have learned analyzing RHIC LHC data using these latest developments challenges are.

We discuss the role of repulsive baryon–baryon interactions in a hadron gas using relativistic virial expansion and mean field approaches. The fluctuations baryon number as well strangeness-baryon correlations are calculated resonance with compared recent lattice QCD results. In particular, we calculate difference between second fourth order strangeness, that have been proposed probes deconfinement. show for not too high temperatures these differences could be understood terms interactions.

We investigate the temperature dependence of shear viscosity to entropy density ratio $\eta/s$ using a piecewise linear parametrization. To determine optimal values parameters and associated uncertainties, we perform global Bayesian model-to-data comparison on Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV Pb+Pb $2.76$ TeV $5.02$ TeV, 2+1D hydrodynamical model with EKRT initial state. provide three new parametrizations equation state (EoS) based contemporary lattice results hadron resonance...

We have developed a next-generation hybrid event-by-event three-fluid hydrodynamic model, suitable for simulations of heavy-ion collisions in the energy range from few up to tens GeV per colliding $NN$ pair. At such energies interpenetration time nuclei is same order as lifetime system, however, this model treats initial phase hydrodynamically. Thanks that it more sensitive equation state than one-fluid models with states being parametrized or generated by transport approach. Hence, our well...