Australian Aborigines develop a high frequency of type–2 diabetes mellitus when they make the transition from traditional to an urban life-style. Preliminary studies were conducted at outstation in northeastern Arnhem Land where have been exposed Western influence for approximately 20 years only and continue follow life-style that is largely traditional. At time study 31 persons resident outstation, over 15 age (adults) 11 under (children). Eighteen adults six children tested. By standard...

ABSTRACT Objectives About 300 Aboriginal languages were spoken in Australia, classified into two groups: Pama‐Nyungan (PN), comprised of one language Family, and Non‐Pama‐Nyungan (NPN) with more than 20 Families. The Yolngu people belong to the larger PN Family live Arnhem Land northern Australia. They are surrounded by groups who speak NPN languages. This study, using nuclear genomic mitochondrial DNA data, was undertaken shed light on origins their language. sequences compared those other...

Summary Urban brown rats ( R attus norvegicus ) carry microbial human pathogens but their role as reservoir hosts for helminths of public health importance is less well known. In this study, 42 trapped on M erseyside were subject to thorough combined helminthological and pathohistological post‐mortem examination. Eggs the rodent‐borne zoonotic nematode C alodium hepaticum initially detected in histological sections livers 9.5% rats, overall diagnostic sensitivity increased 16.6% when entire...

SummaryA number of researchers have found substantial sex, population and group differences in adiposity fat-distribution patterns, but there is relatively little information on body fat distribution Aboriginal groups, especially for the indigenous people Australia. This study, largest its kind Australian people, presents 425 Yolngu, a living communities representing wide range lifestyles, northeast Arnhem Land, Using BMI standards developed European descent, majority individuals this study...

Abstract Four tribes of Arnhem Land were surveyed for dermatoglyphics; based on pattern intensity indices, total ridge‐counts, and a distance statistic combining the two, it was shown that can be arranged into western (Tiwi, Gunwinggu) eastern (“Murngin” Andilyaugwa) groups. This substantiates observations made by linguists social anthropologists. From survey allele frequency traits blood factors P.T.C. tasting, statistics computed between four tribes. These confirmed relative isolation...

Background: In many parts of the developing world, modernization has resulted in an increase prevalence overweight and obesity a subsequent rise nutrition-related, non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease Type 2 diabetes.Aim: The study examined impact socio-economic lifestyle changes associated with on body size shape Balinese women.Subjects methods: Anthropometric data including weight, height, mass index (BMI) seven skinfolds were collected from 564 women, aged between 15...

Background: Bali has undergone rapid economic modernization over the past 30 years, however, very few anthropometric studies have examined impact of variables on nutritional status Balinese children.Aim: The study relationships between associated with process children in 1989/1990, as assessed by anthropometrics.Subjects and methods: mean height-for-age, weight-for-height weight-for-age 691 preschool from nine localities across were reported age group gender related to degree (using such...

Polymorphic variation in two cytokine genes, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -alpha and -beta, was examined three ethnic groups, the Bugis, Makassans, Torajans, who inhabit Sulawesi, a large island Indonesian archipelago, formerly Dutch colony. TNF-alpha -beta are key molecules immune responses to infection, both have been implicated pathogenesis clinical manifestations of parasitic diseases. Several polymorphic variants with potential affect levels autoimmune diseases bacterial infection...