In this survey paper, we first provide insights on the evolution of radio access networks (RANs) through investigating existing paradigms and future trends towards 6G. We then present fully-decoupled RAN (FD-RAN), which aligns with by integrating introducing new features such as physical decoupling uplink downlink base stations. also discuss key technologies enabled different architectures for further performance improvement some open issues. hope that can stimulate more in-depth research...

The paper provides a comparison study of the channel coded multi-carrier OFDM and single-carrier systems with iterative space time decoder turbo frequency domain equalization, respectively, for spatially-multiplexed data transmission in terms packet error rate performance computational complexity.

Information Extraction (IE) spans several tasks with different output structures, such as named entity recognition, relation extraction and event extraction. Previously, those were solved models because of diverse task structures. Through re-examining IE tasks, we find that all them can be interpreted extracting span relations. They further decomposed into token-pair classification by using the start end token a to pinpoint span, start-to-start end-to-end pairs two determine relation. Based...

Ice flashover faults (IFFs) that occur in groups can be a key factor grid collapse. This study analyzed IFF characteristics and developed basic risk assessment model. The aim is to reveal the inherent law, provides direction for future ice storms. Moreover, model basis of power during critical values bridging shedding from insulators were identified. A state division principle categorized modes. rating method then developed, based on these In view limited experience data with small sample...

To meet the increasing need for high capacity indoor wireless applications, European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) have defined a new LAN format. This system, known as HIPERLAN (High Performance Radio LAN), operates at 5.2 GHz and supports instantaneous bit rates of just under 24 Mb/s. The performance physical layer is investigated in particular, advantages dual antenna diversity explored. Five different combining schemes been studied both LMS RLS adaptation algorithms are...

Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems promise to provide significant increases in system capacity for future wireless communication systems. However, realization of the highest potential a MIMO will require knowledge channel state information (CSI) implementation. In this paper, an optimized adaptive scheme on several key parameters iterative estimation is proposed, based study different techniques estimation. This includes recursive least square (RLS) approach combined with minimum...

Until recently, mobile communication tasks have been grouped into different layers in a hierarchical layer approach. In this conventional approach, layer-specific protocols are developed and optimised independently. As new wireless applications emerge, requiring high data rates flexibility for supporting with significantly varying QoS requirements, it has become imperative that higher level of between adjacent needs to be established. A unitary codebook based beamforming approach proposed...

This paper presents a selection of wideband channel sounding measurements performed as part the ACTS AWACS (ATM Wireless Access Communications System) project. The results were obtained for two different indoor operating environments (mainly in line-of-sight conditions) at carrier frequency 19.37 GHz. discusses configuration sounder and its connection to prototype ATM transmission system. Measurements concentrate on average power, RMS delay spread K-factor number antenna configurations...

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the physical properties changes for natural cores under combined effects of alternating stress and multiple rounds gas flushing. Full-diameter were selected to mimic development history actual reservoir entire process transforming UGS development. In addition, different injection production methods in operation designed compare difference effect expansion enhanced oil recovery rate. The results show that flushing resulted fine migration fracture formation, which...

The swift growth of data center has given rise to substantial energy usage and raised notable environmental apprehensions. Reducing cooling consumption decrease power effectiveness (PUE) represents a key focal point in optimizing consumption. Existing work typically involves modeling based on physical models employs mathematical methods for optimization. However, these suffer from limited generalization capability insufficient stability. To this end, paper focuses the chillers Internet...

After decades of development, the level machine translation is changing day by day, and widely used in many aspects. News focuses on accuracy effectiveness at same time. In current information explosion era, professional news translators have to deal with a large number scripts every use ensures high rate while pursuing efficiency. By comparing, analyzing scoring results human standard accuracy, loyalty, fluency, author concludes that: still subject various types errors cannot completely...

In this work, a metasurface-based radome composite (MRC) with customized electromagnetic (EM) functions is proposed. By employing beam-scattering mechanism, high transmission at 2–4 GHz and significant radar cross-section (RCS) reduction 8–18 are achieved. The MRC prototype features sandwiched construction fabricated using quartz fiber-reinforced (QFRC) skins, polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam cores, silver-based frequency selective surface (FSS) screens. calculation, simulation, measured...

Abstract With the continuous scaling down of Integrated Circuits process, issue single-event transient in FinFET technology has become increasingly crucial. In this study, 3D models inverters based on are established through TCAD simulation. By simulating inverter units under various driving capabilities, study quantitatively determines impact capability SET pulse width. Additionally, delves into underlying mechanism behind relationship, focusing charge collection mechanism. The simulation...