This study focuses on the development of narrative structure and relationship between productivity event content. A total 172 Finnish children aged four eight participated. Their picture-elicited narrations were analysed for productivity, syntactic complexity, referential cohesion Each measure showed a developmental trend. Concerning consecutive age groups, significant differences observed four- five-year-olds in content five- six-year-olds cohesion. Multiple regression analysis that was...

Abstract Background Social perception skills, such as understanding the mind and emotions of others, affect children's communication abilities in real‐life situations. In addition to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is increasing knowledge that children with specific language impairment (SLI) also demonstrate difficulties their social abilities. Aims To compare performance SLI, ASD typical development (TD) tasks measuring Theory Mind (ToM) emotion recognition. addition, evaluate...

By utilizing the Pragma test this study investigated how sixteen five- to ten-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) comprehended contextually challenging scenarios demanding 1) contextual inference theory of mind (ToM), 2) without ToM, 3) relevant use language, 4) recognition feelings, 5) understanding false beliefs. The also compared children's ability explain their own correct answers. In addition, evaluated sensitivity three different methods...

JAK/STAT signaling pathway is evolutionarily conserved and tightly regulated. We carried out a reporter-based genome-wide RNAi in vitro screen to identify genes that regulate Drosophila found 5 novel regulators. Of these, CG14225 negative regulator structurally related the receptor Domeless, especially extracellular domain, mammalian IL-6 signal transducer gp130. coimmunoprecipitates with Domeless its associated kinase hopscotch S2 cells. caused hyperphosphorylation of transcription factor...

ABSTRACT Children with specific language impairment (SLI) vary widely in their ability to use tense/agreement inflections depending on the type of being acquired, a fact that current accounts SLI have tried explain. Finnish provides an important test case for these because: (1) verbs first and second person permit null subjects whereas third do not; (2) tense agreement are agglutinating thus one inflection can appear without other. Probes were used compare verb Finnish-speaking children SLI,...

Abstract This study examined the development of social-pragmatic comprehension in 170 Finnish four- to eight-year-old children. The children were asked respond socially and contextually demanding questions targeting their language processing, explain correct answers order elicit awareness how they had derived from context. results showed that number increased especially between ages four seven years. We found contextual processing without mind-reading easiest understand, followed by feelings...

This study investigates narratives of Finnish children with specific language impairment (SLI) from linguistic and pragmatic perspectives, in order to get a comprehensive overview these children's narrative abilities. Nineteen SLI (mean age 6;1 years) 19 typically developing age-matched participated the study. Their picture-elicited narrations were analysed for productivity complexity, grammatical referential accuracy, event content, use mental state expressions comprehension. Children...

The aim of the current study was to investigate subtle characteristics social perception and interpretation in high-functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), relation between watching interpreting. As a novelty, we used an approach that combined moment-by-moment eye tracking verbal assessment. Sixteen young adults ASD 16 neurotypical control participants watched video depicting complex communication situation while their movements were tracked. also completed task...

Abstract Background Despite increasing knowledge of social communication skills autistic peole, the interrelatedness different such as non‐linguistic comprehension, inference and empathizing is not much known about. A better understanding complex interplay between domains helps us to develop assessment protocols for individuals with difficulties. Aims To compare performances young adults, adults traits identified in childhood control tasks measuring skills. In addition, examine associations...

Abstract Pragmatic communication refers to the ability use language and other expressive means, i.e. non-verbal/extralinguistic means such as gestures facial expressions, in order convey interpret meaning a specific context. abilities are important everyday life interpersonal interactions they affect way people communicate behave social situations. Providing comprehensive accurate assessment of pragmatic can be challenging, partially due scarcity valid tools this area. Culture-related...

Abstract Social and pragmatic difficulties in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are widely recognized, although their underlying neural level processing is not well understood. The aim of this study was to examine the activity brain network components linked social understanding order reveal whether complex socio-pragmatic events evoke differences between ASD control groups. Nineteen young adults (mean age 23.6 years) with 19 controls 22.7 were recruited for study. stimulus data consisted video...

ABSTRACT A group of Finnish-speaking children with specific language impairment ( N = 15, M age 5 years, 2 months [5;2]), a same-age typically developing peers 5;2), and younger 3;8) were compared in their use accusative, partitive, genitive case noun suffixes. The less accurate than both groups marking, suggesting that difficulties agreement extend to grammatical case. However, these also making the phonological changes stem needed for suffixation. This second type error suggests problems...

Previous social-pragmatic and narrative research involving autistic individuals has mostly focused on children. Little is known about how adults who have traits but do not a diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) interpret complex social situations tell narratives these situations. We asked 32 young adults, 18 with no ASD diagnosis, 34 non-autistic to watch socially freely what they thought was occurring in each situation. These were analysed for the participants had interpreted type...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the nature speech disfluencies in autistic young adults and controls by using a wide-range disfluency classification typical (TD; i.e., filled pauses, revisions, abandoned utterances, multisyllable word phrase repetitions), stuttering-like (SLD; sound syllable repetitions, monosyllable prolongations, blocks, broken words), atypical (AD; word-final prolongations repetitions insertions). Method: Thirty-two 35 completed narrative telling task...

This three-year follow-up study investigated the associations of narrative and reading skills in typically developing Finnish children. Twenty children performed retelling story generation tasks twice, at five eight years age. Reading comprehension word recognition tests were age eight. Narratives analysed for relevant information, total number tokens, clausal density evaluation. The results showed increased abilities with age, but development was not seen all variables. suggests that might...

Narratives have been extensively studied in recent decades, but studies investigating differences and similarities the narrative features from a cross-cultural or cross-linguistic point of view are limited. This study investigated language typically developing monolingual four- eight-year-old Finnish, Italian Canadian English-speaking children (N = 177). Children completed picture-based story generation task (Edmonton Narrative Norms Instrument) their narratives were analyzed for grammar,...

Abstract Difficulties in false belief reasoning are associated with autism spectrum. False tasks tend to be easy administer and code, thus often used for testing purposes. However, the amount of information that can gleaned from this type assessment task goes beyond correct/wrong score attribution. Instead, fine-grained may derive a detailed qualitative analysis content answers, as well strategies produce them. Moreover, situation contains other interesting aspects, such child’s orientation...

Abstract Efficient communication requires the interplay of linguistic, cognitive and social skills, including ability to make contextual inferences understand others’ intentions emotions. The capacity effectively use language in specific contexts (i.e., pragmatic ability) develops with age, an assessment this is important for understanding both typical atypical development. Pragma test was originally developed validated on Finnish children assess social-pragmatic comprehension. present study...

Children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulty expressing subject–verb agreement. However, in many languages, tense is fused agreement, making it difficult to attribute the problem agreement particular. In Finnish, negative markers are function words that agree subject person and number but do not express tense, providing an opportunity assess status of a more straightforward way. Fifteen Finnish-speaking preschoolers SLI, 15 age controls younger responded items requiring...

This study examined social-pragmatic inferencing, visual social attention and physiological reactivity to complex scenes. Participants were autistic young adults (n = 14) a control group of without intellectual disability. Results indicate between-group differences in moment-level heart rate variability (HRV) reactivity. A key finding suggests associations between increased facial emotion expressions, better inferencing greater HRV suppression adults. Supporting previous research, was found...