Masonry infill panels in framed structures have been long known to affect strength, stiffness, and ductility of the composite structure. In seismic areas, ignoring action is not always on safe side, since interaction between panel frame under lateral loads dramatically changes stiffness dynamic characteristics structure, hence, its response loads. This study presents a simple method estimating load capacity concrete masonry-infilled steel frames (CMISFs) failing corner crushing mode, as well...

The world of ancient masonry the modern building design materials behaviour assemblages reinforced beams and lintels flexural walls loadbearing under axial load out-of-plane bending columns pilasters shear infill partitions veneer cavity connectors application science for environmental loads construction considerations details single storey buildings.

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the in-plane behavior of face shell mortar bedded unreinforced masonry (URM) wall assemblages retrofitted with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates. Forty-two URM were tested under different stress conditions present in shear and infill walls. Tests included prisms loaded compression bed joint orientation (on/off-axis compression), diagonal tension specimens, specimens shear. The each specimen type is discussed emphasis on modes...

Conventional total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been the gold standard for end-stage osteoarthritis patients. There is increased interest in robotic technology utilization surgery to improve surgical precision and patient outcomes. In recent years, several companies have introduced a range of systems that assist orthopedic surgeons varying degrees performing TKA. This review aims analyze current literature on TKA provide an overview its patients evaluate outcomes cost-effectiveness. Despite...

An analytical investigation using a three‐dimensional finite element model was conducted to study the complex behavior of hollow block prisms under axial compression. Detailed stress distributions in different directions were determined which help understanding composite and failure mechanism both face shell fully‐bedded mortared prisms. The effects type mortar bedding, deformational characteristics, size, heightto‐thickness ratio, number joints, stiffness bearing plates on axially loaded...

This paper presents a hybrid non-destructive testing (NDT) approach based on (non-contact) infrared thermography (IRT), (passive) acoustic emission (AE), and (active) ultrasonic (UT) techniques for effective damage assessment of partially grouted concrete masonry walls (PGMW). monitoring could be implemented the health structures. The implementation this system assists cross validation in-situ recorded information structural assessment. NDT was performed PGMW subjected to cyclic horizontal...

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the effect of retrofitting unreinforced concrete masonry-infilled steel frame structures using glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates. The focuses on enhancing in-plane seismic behavior masonry (URM) infill walls when subjected displacement controlled cyclic loading. Six full-scale single-story single-bay frames with different configurations were tested. technique GFRP laminates aimed at creating an engineered wall a well defined...

This paper presents a data fusion approach based on digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE) to detect, monitor quantify progressive damage development in reinforced concrete masonry walls (CMW) with varying types of reinforcements. CMW were tested evaluate their structural behavior under cyclic loading. The combination DIC AE provided framework for the cross-correlation full field strain maps surface volume-inspecting activity. allowed situ monitoring progression which was...

The available failure hypotheses for masonry under combined stresses are reviewed. applicability of the theories composite materials to is examined utilizing experimental results concrete block test. Failure isotropic not applicable masonry. Also, cannot be directly applied predict strength biaxial stresses. criteria proposed stresses, taking into consideration its anisotropic nature as a material. Two proposed, with each describing single mode failure—a shear along one criterical bed or...

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The experimental results of 46 shear tests ungrouted and grouted concrete block masonry are reported. specimens were tested under along the bed joints. influence mortar type, grout strength, bed-joint reinforcement, level compressive stress normal to joints studied. indicate that joint's strength characteristics do not have a major effect on resistance shear-slip failure. most significant parameters influencing joint capacity. relative contribution grouting towards increasing decreases as...

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Sixty-three masonry disks were tested under splitting loads having different orientations from the bed joint direction. The influences of mortar type, grout strength, and reinforcement studied. results show that tensile strength characteristics either ungrouted or grouted vary with stress orientation indicates inherent anisotropic nature as a composite material. contribution grouting varies substantially orientation. It has maximum tension normal to whereas it negligible parallel joint. type...

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This study focuses on deformability and damage detection of a concrete masonry wall. It employed point-to-point traditional strain gages full-field measurement technique using digital image correlation (DIC) to investigate the partially grouted (PG) reinforced A set ungrouted assemblages full-scale shear wall were constructed tested under displacement control loading. The was according with standards joint committee (MSJC 2013) constant vertical compression load horizontal lateral...

Failure criteria for the tensile strength of ungrouted and grouted unreinforced concrete masonry are developed. These account variation due to anisotropic nature as a composite material. The strengths normal parallel bed joints described in terms geometric characteristics block, mortar, grout. diagonal is function joints. Tension failure combined shear‐tension two possible modes that were considered development tension joint cracking. predicted ultimate using proposed expressions compared...

This paper represents a hybrid non-destructive testing (HNDT) approach based on infrared thermography (IRT), acoustic emission (AE) and ultrasonic (UT) techniques for effective damage quantification of partially grouted concrete masonry walls (CMW). integrated has the potential to be implemented health monitoring systems. The implementation this assists cross validation in situ recorded information structural assessment. In context, NDT was performed set CMW subjected cyclic loading....

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