A novel compact fractal loaded two- and eight-element multiple input output (MIMO) with strong diversity is designed for 5G Sub 6 GHz WLAN applications. The suggested antenna manufactured on inexpensive FR4 dielectric material small size of 72 mm × 1.6 (0.792λ 0.792λ 0.0176λ, where λ calculated at a lower operating frequency). proposed layout features partially grounded, protruding T-shaped stub the underside substrate set fractally circular patch elements top. Four triangular slots ground...

Summary The present communication presents a novel compact microstrip line feed dual‐band four‐element MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna for 5G sub‐6GHz N79 and WiFi‐6E bands with defined size of 48 × 1.6 mm 3 . FR4 substrate used in the construction designated has thickness mm, relative permittivity 4.4, loss tangent values 0.02. proposed architecture consists four equilateral triangle‐shaped elements on top ground inverted L‐shaped stubs substrate's bottom layer. structure is...

Abstract A CPW-fed antenna sensor with high quality factor is designed to identify the skin cancer. The proposed operates in ISM band at 2.47 GHz frequency. aims exploit variations dielectric constants of skin, fat, and muscle tissues enable non-invasive early detection design process involves considerations for achieving a frequency shift discern subtle properties. Electromagnetic simulations, utilizing advanced numerical techniques are employed analyze antenna's performance different...

ABSTRACTThe paper presents a novel fractal antenna in millimetre wavebands for 5G applications involving the fusion of Koch and Sierpinski methods. A four-element MIMO is designed using unique structure. The proposed operates from 27.55 GHz to 28.6 with resonant frequency at 28 obtained mutual coupling between elements well below −25 dB. performance characterised environment by studying important parameters like Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Channel Capacity Loss (CCL), Mean...

Abstract A novel highly sensitive and compact slotted microstrip antenna sensor consisting of slots with defected ground structure is designed. The substrate used in the design FR-4 concise dimensions 30 × 1.6 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">mm</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> developed resonates at 3 GHz. human finger several layers namely bone, blood, fat skin...

Summary The design of novel compact two‐element and eight‐element lotus shaped multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna system employing pattern diversity with enhanced isolation characteristics is presented. proposed arranged rotationally on a square‐hollow substrate resulting in an MIMO diversity. developed resonates the frequency range 3.1 to 14.6 GHz housing complete UWB band triple band‐notch at 3.7–4.5 (C‐band satellite down link [3.7–4.2 GHz]), 5.1–5.9 (WLAN) 6.8–8.25 (X‐band...

Abstract A novel trident-shaped microstrip patch antenna sensor with great sensitivity is developed to estimate the amounts of glucose in blood samples human. The suggested built on a 30 × 24 1.6 mm 3 FR-4 substrate layer quality factor 64 and dielectric constant value 4.3 resonating at 4.5 GHz. finger phantom replica human it originated electromagnetic simulator order forecast content. By positioning various localities constructed sensor, frequency shifts are observed for levels...

In this paper, a simple and compact UWB (ultra wideband) antenna with band-notched characteristic is proposed. The operates from 3.1 to 11 GHz covering the entire band (3.1–10.6 GHz) rejects 5.15–5.825-GHz frequency band, which limited by IEEE 802.11a standard. proposed has small size of 29 × 33 mm2 designed on an FR4 substrate permittivity (εr) 4.5 having thickness 1.52 mm. A parametric study presented understand resonant behaviour its dependence various dimensions antenna. fabricated...

In this paper, a compact octagonal shaped UWB (Ultra Wideband) antenna is proposed for MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems, employing polarization diversity. The operates in the frequency range 3.1 GHz to 12.2 GHz, covering entire (3.1 10.6 GHz). developed 2 × system gives reduced mutual coupling, i.e., < — 15dB operating and 20dB between 6.5 GHz. gain, radiation pattern correlation coefficient of are also presented.

In the present work, a 2×2 MIMO DRA antenna system covering entire X-band (8 to 12 GHz) is developed. The developed on an RT Duroid substrate with dielectric constant value ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> = 2.2 having size 66 × 23 mm <sup xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and radiator material of high permittivity 12. A cylindrical air gap introduced improve impedance bandwidth isolation between...

This paper provides a comparison between IEEE 802.11 and 802.15.4e standards in the context of Internet Things (IoT). These emerging are amendments 802.15.4 to support IoT based applications. The has channel access scheme, Distributed coordination function (DCF). On other hand, introduces five MAC behavior mode. Among these modes, DSME is well suited for IoT. A two discussed this by using an analytical model validated through ns-3 simulations. Results show that significant improvement...

Several excitations are possible either for line sources or arrays of different radiating elements.However, in this work, types considered and radiation patterns numerically computed.It has been possible, to generate low sidelobe, beamwidth patterns.The extremely useful high resolution radars, EMC systems.I.

IEEE 802.15.4e defines the specification of PHY layer and MAC layer. Although distinguished by its popularity strength for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), it still suffers from several limitations that deteriorates performance. One such restriction is a high collision probability degrades performance dense network. In this article, we develop Slotted Access Window (SAW) mechanism, medium access technique to mitigate energy consumption in battery constrained networks. An accurate analytical...