Abstract Kernel hardness is controlled by friabilin protein and it depends on the relation between matrix starch granules. Friabilin present in high concentration soft grain varieties low hard varieties. The gluten, wheat our generally contains about 12.0–13.0% crude under Mid-European conditions. relationship content kernel texture usually positive influences power consumption during milling. Hard-textured grains require more grinding energy than soft-textured grains. aim of research was to...

Several new fumonisin B5 mycotoxin isomers (iso-FB5) present in a rice culture inoculated with Fusarium verticillioides were separated on RP-HPLC column recommended for the separation of structural isomers, and subsequently detected by time-of-flight ion trap mass spectrometry. The exact masses eluted compounds determined using m/z values 20 characteristic product ions including hydrocarbon backbone neutral losses from molecular obtained spectrometry, unambiguously indicated unknown iso-FB5...

Five previously unknown fumonisin mycotoxins (iso-FP1, iso-FP(2,3a), iso-FP(2,3b), FP4 and iso-FP4) three described FP analogues (FP(1-3)) were detected in a solid rice culture inoculated with Fusarium verticillioides. The fumonisins characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-TOFMS) ion trap (ITMS). isomers separated using flat gradient on special, high-coverage C18, narrow-bore HPLC column (YMC-Pack J'sphere ODS...

As an important driver element, the pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM) is widely used in industrial applications for many automation purposes thanks to their variety of advantages. The design a stable robust position controller PAM difficult since it very nonlinear time-variant controlled plant because compressibility air, air mass flow rate through valve, etc. main contribution this paper control method based on sliding mode robot arm, driven by actuator. Finally, presents experimental results.

Abstract Aluminium is the most frequent metal of earth crust; it occurs mainly as biologically inactive, insoluble deposit. Environmental problems, industrial contaminations and acid rains increase soil acidity, leading to mobilization Al. Half world’s potential arable lands are acidic; therefore, Al-toxicity decreases crop productivity. Wheat a staple food for 35% world population. The effects Al-stress (0.1 mM) were studied on winter wheat; seedlings grown hydroponically, at acidic pH....

Due to the ever-increasing role LEADER approach is playing in realizing rural development policy, Local Action Groups (LAGs) have become key actors institutional system of development. Through their activity supporting and improving local development, they represent a spatial organizing force regions. Their operation can effectively contribute competitive sustainable area, within framework European policy. Compliance with this requires active conscientious work LAGs, both process programming...

Abstract World’s food supply will be a great challenge due to the rapid growth of human population. Therefore, wheat breeders are facing task improve further crop quality and quantity. Genetic improvement could key in this progression, which is based on exploitation genetic resources. So it important hold exact information about population structure, especially diversity elite germplasm. Here, we provide characterisation 85 Hungarian varieties from 3 different breeding programmes (Szeged,...

In this paper, we demonstrate and analyze the substance of added value effect a Supreme Audit Institution (SAI), focusing on sustainable development issues.We intend to answer such questions as: how could SAI respond global local challenges it help government implement commitments towards sustainability. Finally, trace possible way improve external audit functions both state level at International Organization Institutions (INTOSAI), by using some ideas from network theory.

Modern food industry widely uses a variety of flavour and fragrance materials. One the most used compound groups is aldehydes. The benzaldehyde, also known as artificial almond oil, one commonly flavouring in nowadays. effects this on different species are well known, lot toxicological information can be found literature. 4-ethylbenzaldehyde member aldehyde group, physical properties similar to benzaldehyde has scent. Unlike it no chemical safety assessment according its sheet, only...

This study investigated the impact of rosemary extract on endogenous antioxidants and color characteristics spice paprika powders with regard to origin processing method. The shorter over ripening period industrial drying was advantageous for retention phytochemicals, in contrast sun drying. Rosemary supplementation up 0.25% reduced loss from 23%–36% 14%–27% after a 12-month storage period. surface (L*, , ) milled strongly influenced by method applied dehydrate pods. difference parameters...

Abstract Nowadays, wheat has spread all over the world due to its extensive usability. The colour of grits is very important for milling and baking industry because it determines products made from it. instrumental measuring used, first all, durum wheat. We investigated relationship between characteristics grain size in case different hard aestivum wheats. determined using CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage) 1976 L*, a*, b* system measured by MINOLTA CR-300 tristimulus...

In this paper, we investigate the conditions that must be met for modal shift (i.e., transfer of freight transport from road to rail). addition describing competitiveness conditions, paper makes technical and organizational proposals rail traffic management. One most important is rail-road intermodal competitive in time price with unimodal transport. The model presented article provides a solution problem an approach estimating additional traffic. Another criterion relatively dense network...

Colour evolution of conventionally and organically cultivated Szegedi-20, Meteorit, Mihálytelki Kármin spice paprika varieties was studied in green, break, pale red, deep red over-ripened maturity stages. As the ripening stages forwarded organic samples gradually lost their initial extractable colour (ASTA value) gain toward conventional counterparts. The levels were satisfactorily high (169.9-264.8 ASTA) (160.8-210.5 as well, although accumulation 9.0-62.8 ASTA lower samples. Significant...

Abstract In milling industry, the object of is to separate endosperm and bran parts wheat, recover flour. The most important highest energy requirement operation grinding. quantity quality flour depends on: variety wheat that will be milled, type grinding equipment condition used before During our experiments two different grain structured varieties were milled in laboratory conditions with disk, stone grinder roller miller air-dry, conditioned states. performance particle size distribution...

Abstract The change of the quality wheat milling products was investigated in our work. We analysed different types grists that are used household (BL-55, BL-196, BFF-55 and AD). were stored three type packages (paper bag, transparent PE woven PP bag) two places (bright/warm dark/cool place) for 6 months. titre colour characteristics samples measured monthly. Colour measurements performed with a Hunter MiniScan colour-measuring instrument. CIELab system characterization. values using ANOVA....

Mycotoxicosis caused by Fusarium fungi holds a huge risk considering economic and food safety issues worldwide. By applying milling technologies, we attempted to reduce the concentrates of DON toxin, as it is most often found toxin in wheat.
 The processes sieving, aspiration combination had been used on wheat with high concentration. As next step, grains were sorted using horizontal cylinder separator, assorted an optical gravity finally, products scoured ground. contamination level...