Goldfish (Carassius auratus) gills function as both respiratory and immune-regulatory organs, integrating neuroendocrine immune responses to environmental stimuli. This study explores the spatial organization interaction of cells (NECs) within goldfish using confocal immunohistochemistry transmission electron microscopy. NECs, identified near blood capillaries nerve fibers, highlight their role in sensing physiological regulation. These express serotonin (5-HT), a neurotransmitter critical...

In poultry nutrition, zinc supplementation is typically achieved through the addition of oxide or sulfate to feed. The alternative approach organic sources utilizes an ligand bind (Zn), resulting in higher bioavailability. Thus, a study was conducted assess and compare impact methionine-complexed Zn versus inorganic on growth, blood biochemical profile, gut histomorphology, fecal excretion broilers. experimental design included two treatments: amino acid complex basal diet. supplemented at...

Amidst increasing concerns regarding the incorporation of non-traditional protein sources in poultry diets as replacements for vital human consumption, such soybean meal, utilization Azolla leaf meal has garnered significant attention and popularity. The experiment commenced with 192 Japanese quail chicks (one day old), originated from a single hatch. Each chick was individually weighed then randomly assigned to one four treatment groups, namely control, supplementation at rate 20 g/kg...

Background Coccidiosis is considered a protozoan disease affecting wild and domestic animal species which leads to economic losses. Regarding drug resistance, scientists are focused on alternative sources rather than coccidiostats with fewer side effects. Recently, nanotechnology has been new trend against parasitic infections by manipulating atoms molecules at the nanoscale. Purpose This study assessed hepatoprotective effects of biosynthesized nano selenium (BSN) derived from Azadirachta...

Herein, we evaluated the in vivo effects of meloxicam and curcumin co-encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles experimental acute models pyrexia, nociception, inflammation. Seven groups (n = 6) were designed for each investigation pretreated intraperitoneally (i.p.): control group, (4 mg/kg b.w.), (15 equivalent content containing capped (Mlx-NP) (Cur-NP) alone combination (Mlx-Cur-NP; at two doses). The results showed that encapsulation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved activities compound....

Grape by-products represent outstanding alternatives to replace conventional and unsustainable feed sources, given the substantial quantities generated annually by winery industry. Regrettably, majority of these are wasted, resulting in significant environmental economic repercussions. This study was conducted assess growth performance, efficiency, egg production quality, lipid peroxidation, fertility hatchability reproductive laying hens during their early stage. A total 720 golden hens,...

The specific arrangement and distribution of photoreceptors in the retina can vary among different fish species, with each species exhibiting adaptations related to its habitat, behavior, visual requirements. Poecilia sphenops, a diurnal fish, was focus this study. retinas total eighteen Molly were investigated utilizing light electron microscopy. exhibited square mosaic pattern inner segments cones. This comprised double cones positioned along sides square, two types single situated at...

We investigated the impact of green tea powder (GTP) as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance and gut health in broilers. A total 340 one-day-old broilers were assigned four dietary treatments control (free antibiotic), antibiotic, GTP 0.5 g/kg (GTP-1) 1 (GTP-2). Overall, antibiotic group demonstrated significantly (P < 0.05) higher feed intake, weight gain, lower conversion ratio better dressing percentage compared groups, had lowest values. GTP-1 showed highest villus height...

Owing to their surface active properties, surfactants have numerous applications in different fields of life. In the present research work, solubilization reactive red 2 (RR2) has been studied single and mixed micellar systems (MMS) using UV-visible spectroscopy electrical conductivity measurements. The interaction RR2 with ionic micelles cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) was investigated. order probe MMS, mixtures CPC TX-114 (Triton X-114, a nonionic surfactant) were used. used obtain degree...

ObjectivesAcute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a multifactorial disease that results from the interaction between multiple genetic factors. ALL characterized by uncontrolled production of hematopoietic precursor cells lymphoid progenitors within bone marrow. The development hematological malignancies has been associated with malignant-like express low levels immunogenic surface molecules, thus, facilitating their escape cellular antineoplastic immune responses. This risk may be partly...

Background Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have caused serious health issues worldwide. A growing body of evidence suggests a correlation between neuroinflammation and abnormal microglial activity with ND symptoms. Microglia survey play crucial roles in CNS during the injury. It is proposed that sex affects inflammation, resulting mouse behavioural changes expression alterations key markers related to microglia functions.

Studies indicate that female mice are more susceptible to T. gondii infection, as defined by higher mortality rates in comparison male mice. However, whether this is due an inability control initial parasite multiplication or detrimental effects of the immune system has not been determined. Therefore, following studies were undertaken determine influence sex on early and response during infection correlate with disease outcome. Early replication was studied through applying vivo imaging...

Cancer-testis (CT) genes are typically expressed in the testes; however, they have been linked to aberrant expression a variety of malignancies. MAGE-B family an example CT genes. Therefore, overarching objective this study was examine expressions several patients with colon cancer (CC) see if might be employed as biomarkers early phases detection and improve treatment. In investigation, RT-PCR used analyze neighboring normal (NC) tissue from 10 CC patients. addition, effect DNA...

Twenty-four adult molly fish (Poecilia sphenops, Valenciennes 1846) were collected to study the morphology and distribution of ganglia using histological, immunohistochemical, electron microscopy focusing on their relation immune cells. The classified spatially into cranial spinal, functionally sensory autonomic. Spinal (dorsal root ganglia, DRG) contained large close ganglionic cells, enclosed by satellite as well bundles both myelinated non-myelinated nerve fibers. There are glial cells...

To date, no study has reported the anticoccidial effect of lemon peel powder in broilers. Coccidiosis, caused by Eimeria species, is prevalent enteric parasitic disease poultry. Although certain chemical drugs have been used for their control, concerns regarding drug residues and development resistance chickens arisen among consumers. In this study, a total 300 Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated into five groups (five equal replicates 12 animals). The first group served as...

Colon cancer (CC) is a more frequent type among men and the third one women. Cancer testis (CT) genes are classically expressed in testes during postnatal life. However, they may be abnormally several types of cancers. The general purpose this study was to look at expressions MAGE-A family genes, an example CT gene, patients with CC evaluate whether used as biomarkers early stages identification improve treatment options. In study, were examined using RT-PCR 10 matching normal colon (NC)...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality globally. It ranks as among men and third prevalent women in Saudi Arabia, especially eastern region. The immune system's response to significantly influenced by natural killer cells through their killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) interaction with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. Our research aimed target a homogeneous ethnic group region analyzing distribution 16 KIR genes HLA-C1/C2 allotypes...

This study investigates the association between specific SNPs in Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) gene and susceptibility to Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Saudi population, aiming clarify genetic influences on ALL risk. We evaluated four of TLR3 (rs3775296 C/A, rs5743312 C/T, rs3775291 rs3775290 C/T) for their with ALL. The allelic genotypic frequencies these were compared 150 patients 115 control subjects this case-control study. All participants genotyped using TaqMan PCR techniques....