Novel synchronous machines with doubly salient structure and permanent magnets (PMs) in stator yoke have been developed this paper. The is constituted by T-shaped lamination segments sandwiched circumferentially magnetized PMs alternate polarity, while the rotor identical to that of switched reluctance (SRMs). pole number multiples six, which poles a unit machine. Similar variable flux (VFRMs), numbers novel are not restricted those SRMs. When differ one (or multiples), show sinusoidal...

Owing to different magnetic saturation conditions in surface-mounted permanent magnet machines operating under loads, the optimal design minimize cogging torque may not be one ripple as well. This paper investigates tradeoff between open-circuit and on-load by taking of slot opening an example. With aid frozen permeability method, first, components widths load are presented based on a 12-slot/8-pole machine. The result reveals that increases significantly, especially when small width is...

This paper overviews high-speed permanent magnet (HSPM) machines, accounting for stator structures, winding configurations, rotor constructions, and parasitic effects. Firstly, single-phase three-phase PM machines are introduced applications. Secondly, HSPM applications, advantages, disadvantages of slotted/slotless non-overlapping/overlapping different i.e., interior (IPM), surface-mounted (SPM), solid PM, summarised in detail. Thirdly, effects due to operation presented, including various...

The partitioned stator (PS) machine adopts two stators to allocate windings and permanent magnets (PMs) separately, increasing the space for PMs as well armature coils boost electromagnetic torque improving thermal condition of PMs. In this paper, PS switched-flux PM (PS-SFPM) flux reversal (PS-FRPM) are proved inherently share same operating principle similar topology but with interior (IPM) surface-mounted stators, respectively. Furthermore, four globally optimized machines different inner...

The influence of stator and rotor pole arcs on electromagnetic torque variable flux reluctance machines (VFRMs) having different combinations is investigated. Different from 6/4 stator/rotor switched machines, which usually employ equal arc slot opening, unequal opening can boost the density VFRM. Moreover, optimal to pitch ratio in VFRMs \(\sim ~1/3\) or slightly smaller than optimum arc. For a 6-pole stator, 4-, 5-, 7-, 8-pole with increase average by 1%, 4%, 30.7%, 72.9% compared those...

A novel asymmetric interior permanent magnet (AIPM) machine is proposed in this paper for electric vehicle application. It has a skewed V-shape (PM) cavity, two PMs with different dimensions and an additional flux barrier outside the cavity each pole. This rotor topology can inherently utilize magnetic-field-shifting (MFS) effect to reduce current angle difference between maximum PM reluctance torque components, thereby enhancing synthetic same usage. The influences of positions AIPM...

This article proposes a novel spoke-type asymmetric interior permanent magnet (AIPM) rotor topology that employs an additional flux barrier in each pole of (IPM) synchronous machines for torque density enhancement and pulsating suppression without introducing any extra cost. The proposed AIPM-I machine, existing AIPM-II machine with profile, conventional IPM are designed optimized the same 12-slot/8-pole stator nonoverlapping windings as well diameter PM dimensions. effect dimensions on is...

This article proposes a novel asymmetric interior permanent magnet (AIPM) rotor topology that has mixed V-shape and spoke-type PM configuration, designated as 1.5-layer structure, arrangement of PMs flux barriers. The AIPM is employed for IPM synchronous machines to utilize the magnetic-field-shifting (MFS) effect increasing average torque by reducing current angle difference between peak reluctance components. Three machines, i.e., proposed AIPM, symmetrical IPM-I, conventional benchmark...

In this paper, a novel switched flux permanent-magnet (SFPM) memory machine, which consists of changeable magnetized permanent magnets (CMPMs) in the stator, is developed and investigated. By changing magnetization directions CMPMs, PM linkage can be either enhanced or weakened. When weakened at high speed, density lamination as well iron loss reduced. Thus, higher efficiency obtained. To evaluate improvement SFPM map calculated compared with that interior machine by taking Toyota/Prius 2010...

Memory motor has been researched extensively in the last decade due to its online magnetization capability. Among many types of designs, hybrid magnet memory (HMMM) highest torque density. This paper investigates cross coupling effect HMMM topology proposed by Sakai. The analysis model is introduced firstly. Based on magnetic circuit model, mechanism opencircuit investigated while ideal condition for eliminating this proposed. Later, on-load also analysed both and 2D FEA focusing coercive...

Effective identification of the load torque is one key aspects in improving performance servo drive systems against disturbances. Sliding mode variable structure control has become a popular method development (LTID) algorithm due to its parameter insensitivity and easy realization features. However, existing LTID sliding observers (SMO) with conventional have disadvantages high-frequency chattering poor estimation accuracy, which limit application high-performance systems. In this paper,...

moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion a newly developing and innovative technology. A MILD without preheated air was achieved with inner flow recirculation simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model GRI-Mech 3.0. Comparisons between the experimental predicted results, including temperature O2, CO, NO concentration fields, demonstrate that closely is suitable for studying formation mechanism under these conditions. According to distribution of NO2, there are...

This paper proposes an analytical method that combines the superposition concept and subdomain to predict cogging torque of permanent magnet (PM) machines with a rotor eccentricity. The original eccentric machine is first divided into several sections along air-gap circumferential direction. Then, equivalent lengths all will be determined individually used build up series concentric models representing each section. By method, flux density can synthesized from every model predicted through...

This paper proposes an analytical method that combines the superposition and subdomain methods to predict air-gap field distribution in permanent magnet (PM) machines with rotor eccentricity. The original machine eccentricity is divided into a number of sections along circumferential direction. For each section, concentric model employed by adopting equivalent length using method. can then be synthesized from these models. Consequently, electromagnetic performance predicted accordingly, such...

Partitioned stator (PS) machines employ two separated stators to accommodate armature windings and permanent magnets (PMs), respectively, alleviating the space conflict in stator-PM machines, hence boosting torque density. However, PM usage volume PS is relatively large, thus material cost high, which undesirable for cost-sensitive applications. In this paper, a machine employing ferrite presented, takes advantage of larger available PMs while balances performance cost. The electromagnetic...

A novel switched flux permanent magnet machine (SFPMM) with both normal NdFeB and low coercive force (LCF) magnets has been developed in this paper. Outside a conventional SFPMM, the LCF are mounted on back of every U‐shaped stator lamination segment parallel magnetisation direction alternative polarities. ring yoke is placed around all magnets, while extra coils wound each them. By injecting different directions current pulses into coils, polarities can be rewritten order to enhance or...

This paper proposes two high-performance switched flux hybrid magnet memory machines (SF-HMMMs) based on the design concepts of E-core and C-core SF permanent (PM) machine topologies. Since kinds PMs (i.e., NdFeB low coercive force magnets) are employed, proposed can offer merits high torque capability, excellent adjustability, efficiency across a wide speed range. In this paper, PM arrangement dimensions, stator/rotor pole number combination, as well major parameters optimized first. Then,...

A comparative study between the novel biased flux permanent magnet machine (BFPMM) and doubly salient (DSPMM) with same size is presented in this paper. The choice of rotor pole number BFPMM can be any integers except phase its multiples, which more flexible than that DSPMM. Different from 6/4 stator/rotor DSPMM has unipolar flux-linkage trapezoidal back-EMF, they become bipolar essentially sinusoidal 6/7 BFPMM. Hence, compared under optimal current angle rated copper loss, torque ripple...

A novel type of partitioned stator switched flux permanent magnet (PS-SFPM) machine with either single-layer or double-layer windings is developed in this paper. The proposed PS-SFPM machines have two stators, which separately accommodate the armature and PMs, between rotor made iron pieces, while number poles PMs may be equal half that windings. All are optimized under fixed copper loss for maximum average torque by genetic algorithm. Their electromagnetic performances compared, such as...

The mechanism and the influence of on-load terminal phase voltage distortion by armature reaction in interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines with fractional-slot concentrated windings (FSCWs) are investigated this paper, taking a 12-slot/8-pole machine as an example. phenomenon is presented first, which shows that peak will be much higher than fundamental value, especially under flux-weakening operation. Then, aid frozen permeability method. Due to geometric feature FSCW IPM rotor, flux...

The on-load voltage distortion in fractional slot surface-mounted permanent magnet machines refers to the phase terminal distorted by armature reaction. With aid of frozen permeability method, mechanism this phenomenon has been investigated based on a 12-slot/8-pole model as an example, showing that local magnetic saturation tooth-tips is main cause, especially when small or closed openings are adopted. Then, its impacts machine performance under vector control have investigated. If dc-link...

As one of crucial components for electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid (HEVs), the electrical machine has been widely evaluated from prospective topology, torque density, permanent magnet usage, efficiency. In this paper, novel variable flux reluctance machines (VFRMs), which do not have either brush/slip-ring or rare-earth magnet, is EV/HEV application with emphasis on driving Two VFRMs are designed to compare interior (IPMM) used in Toyota /Prius 2010. Both same outer diameter as that IPMM....