We present a theoretical analysis of light propagation in four-layer planar waveguide that consists long-period grating (LPG) having period the order 100 microm. By means coupled-mode theory, we show such structure is capable coupling from fundamental guided mode to cladding modes at specific wavelengths (resonance wavelengths) and thus results sharp rejection bands transmission spectrum waveguide. Our numerical resonance as well can be significantly changed with parameters. A...

Long-period-grating filters were fabricated in polymer-clad ion-exchanged BK7 glass waveguides. The transmission spectra of the exhibited strong polarization dependence. A contrast as high 25 dB at resonance wavelength was obtained. temperature sensitivity measured to be /spl sim/9.0 nm//spl deg/C, which allows potential tuning over entire S+C+L band sim/180 nm with a control range sim/20/spl deg/C.

A gold (Au) and aluminum (Al)-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor, with a high-quality factor figure of merit, for the detection hemoglobin concentration in human blood is proposed. The sensing performance bimetallic Au grating over an Al film-based sensor depends on thickness film. sensor's closely analyzed terms well-defined parameters: sensitivity, FWHM, depth SPR dips order to optimize With optimized thickness, we could achieve quality merit values 286.2 RIU-1 0.97 deg-1,...

We analyze theoretically the light transmission characteristics of corrugated long-period gratings formed in slab waveguides. The spectra show distinct rejection bands at specific wavelengths, known as resonance wavelengths. investigate detail phase-matching curves gratings, which govern relationship between wavelength and grating period. Thanks to flexibility choice waveguide parameters, a can be different characteristically from those fiber (LPFG), implies that former exhibit much richer...

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based refractive index sensor using a silver grating fabricated over the gold film is proposed. The performance of has been evaluated on basis sensitivity, full width half maximum (FWHM), and dip strength reflection spectrum. Rigorous coupled wave analysis utilized to study effect parameters sensing performance. Our systematic exhibits that inappropriate may lead poor sensor. Sensitivity conventional (grating engraved in gold) assisted SPR obtained be...

Abstract Greater Burgan Field consists of stacked primary sandstone and secondary carbonate reservoirs. Long-term decisions for reservoir health management, investment value, water handling projects are all based on the ability to accurately predict forecast production profiles. Secondary reservoirs often more geologically complex, with less dynamic history, making these forecasts even challenging. Such complexities necessitate innovative approaches address uncertainties provide reliable...

We propose a novel optical fiber design that consists of uniform core and segmented cladding formed by alternate regions high low refractive indices in the azimuthal direction. The structure is analyzed use radial effective-index method, propagation characteristics are studied. has highly dispersive shows similar to those photonic-crystal fibers holey fibers. offers possibility single-mode operation over wide range wavelengths with large diameter.

A segmented-cladding fiber consists of a uniform core high refractive index and cladding with regions low alternating angularly. This type provides an effective approach for achieving widely extended single-mode operation large size. We analyze the in detail by radial-effective-index method, which replaces circular fiber. The accuracy method is confirmed comparison results obtained from finite-element method. By applying transverse-matrix to fiber, leakage losses first two modes are...

A large-mode-area single-mode optical fiber based on leaky-mode filtering was prepared by a modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) technique. The has leaky cladding that discriminates the fundamental mode from higher-order modes. preliminary version 25 μm core diameter and 0.11 numerical aperture. Gaussian-like with 22 field observed after 3 m propagation, in agreement modeling.

This letter analyzes the transmission line characteristics of nanoplasmonic metal-insulator-metal waveguide (MIM), a stepped width resonator (SWR), and band stop filter using SWR. Transmission MIM slot waveguide, such as impedance normalized propagation constant, are obtained through full wave simulation. SWR show two pass bands, hence it is useful in design dual circuits. Subsequently, structure numerically analyzed. The designed has capability rejecting signals at wavelengths...

The few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA) is a key component of few-mode-fiber-based optical communication system to allow the simultaneous amplification all signal mode groups. This paper proposes single-trench ring-core FM-EDFA for gain equalization five groups—LP01, LP11, LP21, LP31, and LP41. proposed with Er+3 doping fundamental pumping used study gains differential modal (DMGs) In this study, we have shown that introduction trench increases confinement higher groups decreases...

We report on the optoelectronic characteristics ofp-NiO/n-Si heterojunction photodiode for broadband photodetection, fabricated by depositing ap-type NiO thin film onto a commercialn-type silicon substrate using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The structural properties of PLD-grownp-NiO material were analysed means x-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy, confirming its crystalline nature revealing presence Ni vacancies, respectively. Hall measurements confirmed thep-type...

We report fabrication of a segmented cladding fiber (SCF) in silica-based glass. An SCF with uniform core pure silica and periodically arranged fluorine-doped an angular direction has been fabricated by using the stack-and-draw technique. The characterized capturing its near-field intensity pattern at 633 nm wavelength. number modes estimated from captured neural network analysis. A four-segment 30-μm diameter 0.43% relative index differences between high- low-index segments shows few-mode...

We present a microstructure-based dual-core dispersion-compensating fiber (DCF) design for dispersion compensation in long-haul optical communication links. The has been conceptualized by combining the all-solid DCF and photonic crystal fiber. analyzed numerically using full vectorial finite difference time domain method. propose narrowband as well broadband compensation. In design, exhibits very large negative of around -42,000 ps nm(-1) km(-1) mode area 67 μm(2). effects varying different...

Few-mode fiber amplifier is widely under study to overcome the issue of internet traffic in optical communication. This article proposes annulus core few-mode erbium doped (FM-EDF) with or extra doping for amplification LP01, LP11, LP21, and LP31 signal mode groups low differential modal gain (DMG). Our simulations confirm that helps reducing DMG higher order groups. We have achieved less than 2.2 dB over C-band 4-mode using doping. The proposed EDF would be useful space division...