A scratch intersection based material removal mechanism for CMP processes is proposed in this paper. The experimentally observed deformation pattern by SEM and the trends of measured force profiles (Che et al., 2003) reveal that, an isolated shallow scratch, mainly plowed sideway along track abrasive particle with no net removal. However, it that detached close to zone two scratches. Motivated observation, speculated changes from ploughing mode shear-segmentation as approaches scratches...

An analytical model for dishing and step height reduction in chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) of copper is presented. The polyurethane pad modeled as a viscoelastic material with time-dependent characteristics. based on the assumption that at feature scale, high areas wafer experience higher pressure than low areas. removal process assumed to follow Preston equation. delineates how depend slurry properties (selectivity Preston's constants), characteristics (viscoelastic properties,...

Shipbuilding is a complex systematic project involving various processes. In this study, function-oriented quality control method proposed to shipbuilding effectively. The decomposes the ship construction process from functional perspective study relationship between intermediate products and functions, afterwards analyse impact mechanism of on function. improved failure mode effects analysis with fuzzy evaluation conducted determine weak link processes develop optimisation measures. As...

Theoretical solutions of vibration and sound radiation submerged finite cylindrical shells with pre-stress were derived by using a modal summation method. Motion equations established on the basis Flügge theory. Additional impedance caused was added to basic equation. Pre-stress expressed uniform trigonometric forms obtain power, mean quadratic velocity efficiency shells. Numerical calculation conducted study effects tensile compressive stresses, stress direction, value size distribution...

Ships are large welded structures.Welding residual stress (WRS) significantly impacts the mechanical properties of structure.The plate and cylinder models by electrode welding (EW) submerged arc (SAW) were designed to measure WRS high-strength shipbuilding steel.The was tested instrumented indentation method.The value each point proposed.The distribution patterns different processes analysed.This research can provide a reference for controlling ships improving quality.

The failure of floating wind turbine can suspend the operation offshore generator, which will severely affect generated energy and cause huge economic loss. Hence, reliability evaluation is vital importance. RPN calculation adopts traditional FMEA method carries significant limitations cannot solve sequence in case same. Therefore, paper makes use fuzzy based on Related Weights TOPSIS Theory to make each mode as well construct a matrix triangular number. This utilizes that come from...

The theoretical equation of thermosonic bond strength involving interfacial deformation and microcontact phenomena is presented in this study. constitutive gold considering the ultrasonic softening mechanism was developed based on bonding experiments coded into FE software. numerical model established to estimate surface exposure effective normal pressure. real contact area calculated by a model. Accordingly, nominal can be obtained verified experimental data. It found that better...

Thermosonic ball bonding is a popular joining technique in microelectronic interconnect. In this paper, the effects of parameters on bond strength are investigated mainly using finite element method. The complete process including both impact and ultrasonic vibration stages modeled, strain rate sensitivity gold pad considered. Five variables were defined to establish relationship between interfacial deformation strength: segment extension epsiv <sub...

An improved evaluation method based on AHP-EWM-TOPSIS is proposed to mitigate the subjectivity inherent in expert method. Due lack of practical vessel data for autonomous navigation equipment, used evaluate failure modes equipment. In this study, four experts participate assessing 85 distinct equipment vessels, and AHP objectively calculate these experts' weights. The are standardized using refined Entropy Weight Method (EWM) by Max-Min method, weights criteria Severity, Occurrence Detection...

Recently, the correlation filter (CF)-based methods have achieved great success in field of object tracking. In most these methods, CF utilizes <italic>L</italic>₂ norm as regularization, which does not pay attention to stability and robustness feature. However, there may exist some unstable points image because video different appearance changes. We propose a tracking method based on structured robust (SRCF), employs <italic>L</italic>_2,1 regularization. The can only...

A process for reducing the structure-borne noise in a passenger car with power-based Transfer Path Analysis (TPA) methodology is described this paper. First, power flow of each transfer path estimated on base Thevenin equivalent theorem. Next, dominant paths and their key factors are identified through contribution equations calculation. Finally, these improved to guide structural modification controlling flow. Several measures can be attempted yield reductions sound pressure levels at major peaks.

Preventing and mitigating major risk exposure is an important task for modern countries to maintain sustained healthy economic development overall social stability. In this manuscript, the authors introduced Israel′s current medical health care prevention system, including regional emergency response coordination mechanism, hospital′s external rescue capacity building internal security system. system has been tested by wars terrorist attacks, as well many infectious diseases outbreaks. Thus...

This study summarized the experiences of disease-specific performance appraisal at tertiary hospitals in Shanghai, which was launched since year 2013 by Shanghai Hospital Development Center (SHDC). 38 were included study. A system centering on quality and performance, means case-mix model, classified surgery management typical disease screening, leveraging difficulties analysis, inter-hospital diseases. reform has established criteria difficulty management, coding data norms, guiding such to...