We demonstrate spin-exchange optical pumping of 3He using a "hybrid" K-Rb vapor mixture. The Rb atoms absorb light from standard laser at 795 nm, then collisionally polarize the potassium atoms. Spin-exchange collisions K and transfer angular momentum to with much greater efficiency than Rb-3He. For K-rich vapor, hybrid approaches 1/4, an order magnitude achieved by pure pumping. present first measurements actual photon efficiencies (polarized nuclei produced per absorbed photon), show that...

We have studied several types of flat-plate-transmission-line pulse-excited nitrogen lasers. Experiments were carried over a wide variety parameters such as laser-tube pressure, charging voltage, inductance, transmission-line impedance, and others. A theory the laser is presented which treats an integrated electrooptical system. The based upon known macroscopic properties discharges along with electron impact ionization excitation cross sections for N <inf...

We have measured total cross sections for protons, dueterons, $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ particles, and $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ on hydrogen, deuterium, helium, carbon targets at 1.55 2.89 GeV/c nucleon using the "good geometry" transmission method. In addition, we inelastic elastic slope parameters reactions initiated by deuterons, $^{12}\mathrm{C}$. Our results are in good agreement with Glauber theory predictions, but factorization relation...

The optical transmission of an optically oriented rubidium vapor in spin-exchange equilibrium with atomic hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium has been used to measure high precision the hyperfine splittings these paramagnetic atoms. results are $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu}(\mathrm{H})=1420.405726\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.000030 \mathrm{Mc}/sec,$ $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu}(\mathrm{D})=327.384349\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.000005...

The optical transmission of an optically oriented sodium vapor in spin-exchange equilibrium with atomic nitrogen has been used to measure the zero-field hyperfine splitting ${\mathrm{N}}^{14}$ and ${\mathrm{N}}^{15}$. ground state is $^{4}S_{\frac{3}{2}}$. For ${\mathrm{N}}^{14}$, which $I=1$, $\ensuremath{\Delta}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\frac{5}{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\frac{3}{2}}=26.12721\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00018 \mathrm{Mc}/sec,$...

This paper reports the results of measurements cross sections for electron excitation out ${1s}_{3}$ and ${1s}_{5}$ metastable levels argon (the $J=0$ 2 levels, respectively, ${3p}^{5}4s$ configuration) into eight ten ${3p}^{5}4p$ manifold. The atoms were generated by two methods: (a) an atomic beam emerging from a hollow-cathode discharge, (b) charge-exchange collisions between fast argon-ion cesium atoms. are excited crossed emissions these utilized to determine sections. Removal in...

The spin-relaxation time of an optically oriented sodium vapor diffusing in a helium or neon buffer gas has been measured and analyzed by the method Franzen. diffusion coefficients for are 1.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3 0.50\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.17 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$/sec, respectively. disorientation cross sections colliding with (3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}26}$...

Charge-exchange collisions have been studied when ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ ions and ground state ${\mathrm{H}}^{0}$ atoms are incident on Cs vapor. Measurements of the positive, neutral, negative beam components after passage through target were made as a function thickness at several energies between 0.5 20 keV. All three found to approach charge equilibrium monotonically. The maximum ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ yield is (21 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 4)%, which occurs an energy 0.75...

Absolute optical-emission cross sections have been measured for transitions in the wavelength range 3690--11 300 A\r{} originating from 32 terms of excited oxygen atoms produced by electron impact on molecules with incident energy up to 500 eV. The excitation functions show a broad peak at about 90 eV shoulderlike structure varying degree near 35 observed threshold is very close defect dissociation process. Near threshold, dissociative through partly bound Rydberg states molecule believed be...

We have measured the production of charged nuclear fragments in collisions 1.05 GeV/nucleon and 2.1 proton, deuteron, alpha, carbon projectiles as well 0.4 alpha particles on targets C, Cu, Pb, H (from a C${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$---C subtraction), using double focusing spectrometer. present single particle inclusive cross sections for $Z=1$ $Z=2$ region $0.5\ensuremath{\le}{(\frac{p}{Z})}_{\mathrm{lab}}\ensuremath{\le}8.7$ GV/c...

Charge-exchange collisions have been studied when ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$ ions with an energy in the range 1.5-25 keV are incident on Cs vapor. Measurements of positive, neutral, and negative beam components after passage through target were made as a function density at twelve energies. Over entire studied, fraction was found to reach maximum then decrease increasing density. The yield ${\mathrm{He}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ measured be (1.4 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.1)%. occurred 6 thickness 5...

The electron excitation cross section both for the $^{3}\mathrm{P}_{2}$ and $^{3}\mathrm{P}_{0}$ metastable levels (1${s}_{5}$ 1${s}_{3}$ in Paschen's notation) mixed $^{3}\mathrm{P}_{1}$ $^{1}\mathrm{P}_{1}$ resonant (1${s}_{4}$ 1${s}_{2}$ of 2${p}^{5}$3s configuration Ne have been measured. Apparent direct sections are reported incident energies from threshold to 300 eV compared with results different methods measurements. Ground-state atoms excited by a monoenergetic beam 1s levels,...

The design criteria and performance characteristics are reported of a tunable, narrow bandwidth dye laser that is suitable for pumping by short pulse duration high power N2 laser. system characterized relatively over-all length 15 cm. Bandwidths from 0.015 nm to 0.05 obtained along with conversion efficiencies in the neighborhood 10% using 4–5 nsec pump. 0.001 observed an intracavity etalon system. More important, however, it shown efficiency can be greatly improved if temporal distribution...

The nuclear magnetic resonance of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{57}$ in pure iron metal has been examined. results the experiments have analyzed terms Portis' theories saturation and fast passage inhomogeneously broadened spin systems. principal are following: value enhancement factor for $\ensuremath{\eta}=2000$ independent temperature, values spin-lattice relaxation time ${T}_{1}=0.25$ msec at $T=295\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$K, ${T}_{1}=1.3$ $T=77\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$K, fact...

A determination of the hyperfine structure ground state atomic hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium was made. 1-Mc/sec output an Atormichron multiplied in a Gertsch AM-1 used to phase lock FM-4 at high frequency. The transitions were driven by radar jamming oscillator beat with Gerch FM-4. This frequency (3 4 Mc/sec) amplified, compared phase-detecting circuit, counted electronic counter. pressure shfft buffer gases (argon, neon, helium determined. Hyperfine splitting data obtained extrapolating...

We report the systematic comparison of optical emission intensity vibrational band Swan system with absolute concentration in and microwave plasmas used deposition nanocrystalline diamond. The is obtained using white-light absorption spectroscopy. Emission correlates linearly density for variations several plasma parameters across two decades species concentration. Although generally not an accurate quantitative diagnostic gas phase concentrations, these results confirm reliability (0,0)...

We have measured electron excitation cross sections out of the ${1s}_{3}$ and ${1s}_{5}$ metastable levels Ar into eight ${3p}^{5}4p$ manifold. use optical method to determine by measuring radiation excited atoms. By optically pumping atoms with a laser, we separate contributions that each level makes our observed signal, thus can individual levels. also interpret trends in both magnitude energy dependence for sections.

Spin-exchange rate coefficients for Rb-${}^{3}\mathrm{He}$ are measured using three different methods. Two methods, Rb repolarization and balance, require no assumption about the nature of ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}$ wall relaxation agree well; we find spin-exchange $6.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}/\mathrm{s}$ $6.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}/\mathrm{s}.$ These results with a recent measurement Baranga...

In contrast to conventional methods of diamond chemical vapour deposition (CVD), nanocrystalline CVD takes place with only a small fraction feed gas hydrogen. Minimal amounts , believed critical in hydrogen-rich CVD, are expected be produced hydrogen-deficient systems and alternative mechanisms for growth must considered. The carbon dimer, is an important species these environments. We have experimentally determined the density phase microwave plasmas used deposit diamond. monitored using...

We have produced 70%–75% 3He polarization by spin-exchange optical pumping in cells ≈100 cm3 volume. The achieved is consistent with known and spin-relaxation rates, but only when the recently discovered temperature dependence of relaxation included. Absolute measurements were performed using two different methods laboratories. results obtained either a spectrally narrowed laser or one type broadband laser. Based on tests several larger at pressures near 1 bar, we find that power required to...

We identify the formation of bound 129Xe-Xe molecules as primary fundamental spin-relaxation process at densities below 14 amagat. Low pressure Xe relaxation rate measurements a function gas composition show that Xe-Xe molecular contributes 1/T1 = 1/4.1 h to total observed rate. The measured is consistent with theoretical estimates deduced from previously NMR chemical shifts. At atmospheric more than an order magnitude stronger binary relaxation. Confusion and wall mechanisms has...