The purpose of this study was to determine whether the postponement fatigue in subjects fed carbohydrate during prolonged strenuous exercise is associated with a slowing muscle glycogen depletion. Seven endurance-trained cyclists exercised at 71 +/- 1% maximal O2 consumption (VO2max), fatigue, while ingesting flavored water solution (i.e., placebo) one trial and glucose polymer 2.0 g/kg 20 min 0.4 every thereafter) another trial. Fatigue placebo occurred after 3.02 0.19 h preceded by decline...

We have compared the capillary density and muscle fiber type of musculus vastus lateralis with in vivo insulin action determined by euglycemic clamp (M value) 23 Caucasians 41 Pima Indian nondiabetic men. M value was significantly correlated (r = 0.63; P less than or equal to 0.0001), percent I fibers 0.29; 0.02), 2B -0.38; 0.003). Fasting plasma glucose concentrations were negatively -0.46, 0.0001; r -0.47, 0.0001, respectively). Waist circumference/thigh circumference ratio 1 -0.39;...

Position Statement: The position of Society regarding caffeine supplementation and sport performance is summarized by the following seven points: 1.) Caffeine effective for enhancing in trained athletes when consumed low-to-moderate dosages (~3-6 mg/kg) overall does not result further enhancement higher (>/= 9 mg/kg). 2.) exerts a greater ergogenic effect an anhydrous state as compared to coffee. 3.) It has been shown that can enhance vigilance during bouts extended exhaustive exercise, well...

The time of ingestion a carbohydrate supplement on muscle glycogen storage postexercise was examined. Twelve male cyclists exercised continuously for 70 min cycle ergometer at 68% VO2max, interrupted by six 2-min intervals 88% two separate occasions. A 25% solution (2 g/kg body wt) ingested immediately (P-EX) or 2 h (2P-EX). Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis 0, 2, and 4 postexercise. Blood samples obtained an antecubital vein before during exercise specific times after...

This study examined the relationship between respiratory capacity of an individual's skeletal muscle and work rate at which blood lactate accumulation begins (lactate threshold). Comparisons were also made among fiber type, VO2max, threshold. Muscle biopsies taken from vastus lateralis for determination type (myosin ATPase). The threshold was assessed in terms both absolute (VO2) relative (%VO2max). homogenates to oxidize pyruvate significantly (P less than 0.01) related (r = 0.94) 0.83)...

Carbohydrate, protein, and carbohydrate-protein supplements were compared to determine their effects on muscle glycogen storage during recovery from prolonged exhaustive exercise. Nine male subjects cycled for 2 h three separate occasions deplete stores. Immediately after each exercise bout, they ingested 112.0 g carbohydrate (CHO), 40.7 protein (PRO), or (CHO-PRO). Blood samples drawn before exercise, immediately throughout recovery. Muscle biopsies taken the vastus lateralis 4 During...

In the present study, we tested hypothesis that a carbohydrate-protein (CHO-Pro) supplement would be more effective in replenishment of muscle glycogen after exercise compared with carbohydrate equal content (LCHO) or caloric equivalency (HCHO). After 2.5 ± 0.1 h intense cycling to deplete stores, subjects ( n = 7) received, using rank-ordered design, CHO-Pro (80 g CHO, 28 Pro, 6 fat), LCHO HCHO (108 fat) immediately (10 min) and 2 postexercise. Before during 4 recovery, vastus lateralis was...

Increasing the plasma glucose and insulin concentrations during prolonged variable intensity exercise by supplementing with carbohydrate has been found to spare muscle glycogen increase aerobic endurance. Furthermore, addition of protein a supplement will enhance response supplement. The purpose present study was compare effects carbohydrate-protein on endurance performance. Nine trained cyclists exercised 3 separate occasions at intensities that varied between 45% 75% VO 2max for h then 85%...

The effect of a bout exercise on glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle was examined using perfused rat hindlimb preparation. Rats were subjected to swimming. stress moderate as reflected reduction concentration only 50%. Glucose measured muscles for 30-min period beginning approximately 60 min following the exercise. rate absence insulin 10-fold higher hindlimbs exercised animals than controls. also control presence 50 microunits/ml or 10 mU/ml insulin, but these...

Context: Not all athletic competitions lend themselves to supplementation during the actual event, underscoring importance of preexercise extend endurance and improve exercise performance. Energy drinks are composed ingredients that have been found increase physical Purpose: The purpose study was investigate effects a commercially available energy drink, ingested before exercise, on Methods: double-blind, randomized, crossover design. After 12-hr fast, 6 male female trained cyclists (mean...

To examine the effect of carbohydrate and/or protein supplements on hormonal state body after weight-training exercise, nine experienced male weight lifters were given water (Control) or an isocaloric (CHO; 1.5 g/kg wt), (PRO; 1.38 carbohydrate-protein (CHO/PRO; 1.06 g carbohydrate/kg wt and 0.41 protein/kg) supplement immediately 2 h a standardized workout. Venous blood samples drawn before exercise during 8 recovery. Exercise induced elevations in lactate, glucose, testosterone, growth...

Chromium supplementation may affect various risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), including body weight composition, basal plasma hormone substrate levels, response to an oral glucose load. This study examined the effects of chromium (400 micrograms.d-1), with or without exercise training, on these in young, obese women. picolinate resulted significant gain this population, while training combined nicotinate loss lowered insulin...

The restorative capacities of a high carbohydrate-protein (CHO-PRO) beverage containing electrolytes and traditional 6% carbohydrate-electrolyte sports (SB) were assessed after glycogen-depleting exercise. Postexercise ingestion the CHO-PRO beverage, in comparison with SB, resulted 55% greater time to exhaustion during subsequent exercise bout at 85% maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2)max). recovery intake could be because rate muscle glycogen storage. Therefore, second study was designed...

The effect of exercise intensity on oral glucose tolerance and hindlimb uptake transport was studied in 26 female obese Zucker rats after a treadmill training program. were randomly assigned to either low-intensity (LI) or high-intensity (HI) group, with equal work being performed by the two groups. A third group served as sedentary controls (SED). trained demonstrated significant improvement while maintaining significantly lower plasma insulin concentrations when compared SED rats. However,...

The rates of muscle glucose uptake trained (TR) and untrained (UT) obese Zucker rats were assessed by hindlimb perfusion under basal conditions (no insulin) in the presence a maximally stimulating concentration insulin (10 mU/ml) after contraction elicited electrical stimulation sciatic nerve. Perfusate contained 28 mM 7.5 microCi/mmol 2-deoxy-D-[3H]glucose. Muscle GLUT-4 was determined Western blot analysis expressed as percentage heart standard. insulin-stimulated significantly higher...

This study examined the effects of raising muscle glycogen by carbohydrate feeding and keeping low restriction following exhausting exercise on ability perfused skeletal to take up glucose synthesize glycogen. Muscle concentration was more than twice as high in rats fed those not given carbohydrate. synthesis during a 30-min perfusion with insulin significantly greater animals Furthermore muscles content converted proportion taken less lactate did content. In subjected preceding day, rate...

IVY, J.L., W. MILLER, V. DOVER, L.G. GOODYEAR, W.M. SHERMAN, S. FARRELL, and H. WILLIAMS. Endurance improved by ingestion of a glucose polymer supplement. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc, Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 466–471, 1983. The effect (GP) upon endurance performance during walking exercise at 45% Vo2max was examined. Also, on battery psychomotor tests assessed to determine if exhaustion from related central nervous system dysfunction. Ten trained male subjects ingested approximately 120 g GP in four...

Ferguson-Stegall, L, McCleave, EL, Ding, Z, Doerner III, PG, Wang, B, Liao, Y-H, Kammer, Liu, Y, Hwang, J, Dessard, BM, and Ivy, JL. Postexercise carbohydrate-protein supplementation improves subsequent exercise performance intracellular signaling for protein synthesis. J Strength Cond Res 25(5): 1210-1224, 2011-Postexercise (CHO + PRO) has been proposed to improve recovery endurance compared CHO supplementation. This study the effects of a PRO supplement in form chocolate milk (CM),...