The post Covid-19 era steer towards stakeholder thinking, which demands to look for sustainable solutions in terms of other epidemics and food security is one the most notable developing world. In South Asia, China Pakistan Economic Corridor could be an avenue multi-layered socio-economic assistance where can seek solution epidemic (food security) while engaged with effects pandemic through studying all stakeholders. This a roadmap west-east or developed-underdeveloped countries reliance on...

Analysis of economic profitability is essential for establishing the financial viability any business enterprise. In context trout farming in Pakistani district Chitral, this study evaluates implications profitable and sustainable technique. July 2020, a structured questionnaire was used to collect data on indicators study. The investigation reveals that overall cost producing 398 kilograms fish farm 596,013 rupees. This analysis offers great insight into ramifications region. addition,...

Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 20% global deaths annually. Timely antibiotic administration cornerstone sepsis management, with delays linked to higher mortality. Despite recommendations initiate antibiotics within one hour recognition, variability in definitions, timing thresholds, and patient outcomes complicates clinical decision-making. This meta-analysis synthesizes evidence on the impact early versus delayed provide...

Background: Grouping behavior in large mammals is influenced by various environmental and biological factors, including habitat type seasonal variations. Understanding these dynamics critical for the conservation of species like Kashmir Markhor (Capra falconeri cashmeriensis), an endangered ungulate inhabiting rugged terrains. Despite its ecological significance, limited information exists on habitat-specific aggregation patterns this species, particularly regions Chitral Gol National Park,...

Knowledge of wild animal behaviour can be helpful in effective planning and proper utilisation rangelands by pastoralists planners. Such knowledge enables herders to harmonise their grazing activities with those animals, promoting a harmonious sustainable sharing natural resources. In light research on rangeland management activities, this paper examines the impact behavioural ecology Hindu Kush mountains northern Pakistan, focusing Kashmir Markhor ( Capra faconeri cashmerieinsis), an...

The surge in agricultural water consumption to ensure food security China has severely hampered the survival of wetland ecosystems. People ignore importance "lungs" process meeting needs for "stomach". In this study, we quantified direct and indirect impacts on plant species using Characterization Factors (CFs) identified their contributions three historical periods Sanjiang Plain, China. total potential losses diversity were calculated, benefits evaluated based "National Sustainable...

Motivation is the paramount medium and obligatory precondition that provoke critical thinking among students. The major premise of this research to reveal diverse factors can lower motivation students acquire good academic grades. Cross sectional survey design was used by researcher accumulate data from N=300 respondents through multistage sampling technique. Questionnaire as a tool for rationale collection Social Science departments Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan (Pakistan)....

Understanding vegetation dynamics is necessary to address potential ecological threats and develop sustainable ecosystem management at high altitudes. In this study, we revealed the spatiotemporal characteristics of growth in Lhasa River Basin using net primary productivity (NPP) normalized difference index (NDVI) during period 2000–2005. The roles climatic factors specific anthropogenic activities were also identified, including positive or negative effects degree impact. results indicated...

Using a three-infrastructures (grey, soft, and green) framework, we examined key risks to water availability quality in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia. These include increased irrigation efficiency, without quantitative knowledge of impact on flow pathways, particularly return flows, growth farm dams floodplain harvesting, unsustainable management salinity. Critical mitigating these are metering, monitoring, auditing effective linkages between evidence analysis, accountability...

Abstract This article strives to work out the causal relationship between natural disasters and economic growth in Pakistan. The study empirically tests linkage using econometric techniques autoregressive distributed lag bound model by Pesaran (2001) Granger causality test. We develop a proxy for loss of similar method as Noy (2009) Bergholt et.al, (2012) did. results ARDL bounds testing approach evidence negative long run proxies growth. Causality depict uni-directional from both short-run...

Purpose: Generally, prior literature merely focuses on the direct nexus of governance-performance, while ignoring precise channels through which corporate governance has an effect firm performance. Specifically, this study taken up issue to capturing governance-enterprise valuation following indirect channel financial slack in Pakistan.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: The examined and enterprise performance linkage, employing as a mediating variable. A market-based measure “Tobin’s Q”...

Research Question/Issue: This research aims to comprehend the level of corporate social responsibility in Pakistan.The need hour is assess and identify coverage corporations toward its responsibility.How much each elements has contributions achieving that how we can overcome all these deficiencies?Research Findings/Insights: By archival data from different companies Pakistan with a sample 110 120 companies.We find moderate (a numeric value).And "social accountability investment" was main...

The aim of this paper is to evaluate economic trade-offs introducing irrigation demand management measures modify river flows in order mimic natural flow variations the rivers. A number options were identified through rigorous discussions with key stakeholder groups Murrumbidgee Catchment. impacts alternative are presented terms a matrix costs and associated water savings. modelling results revealed that 10–15% peak use during summer can be reduced from average total annual 1400 GL. This may...

Demand for water in Australia is increasing along with growing pressure to maximise the efficiency of irrigation use and seek additional alternative supplies. The scarcity supplies coupled need urban communities dispose large quantities treated recycled from sewage treatment plants has led interest rural reticulation this irrigating adjacent crop-production areas. Proposals inevitably lead a complex range issues that be addressed, including: costs benefits supplying an source current or new...

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact social relations among board members on earnings management in Pakistani listed companies. Specifically, we have analyzed networks between CEO and outside members. modified Jones model has been used measure captured through SOCIAL (Social networking index). Our results suggest that firms with more connected boards show a positive relationship independence management. Further, shown duality exhibit higher association connections than...

The purpose of this study is to find out the impact political general elections Pakistan on KSE-100 index. We employed Event methodology closing prices index over time period January, 1998 May, 2013. During our sample period, 3 events Elections occurred i.e., Event1 in 2002, Event2 2008, and recently Event3 construct an window 11 days consisting 5 pre-event days, 1 on-event day, post-event days. Results show that Events -and 2 put significant negative stock returns, while demonstrates a...