Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death globally and require ubiquitous monitoring due to their asymptomatic yet modifiable nature. Photoplethysmography is an effective optical sensing technique for non-invasive health monitoring. However, its reliance on current relatively large rigid inorganic semiconductor-based light-emitting diodes silicon photodiodes hampers high-resolution integration thus restricts a from single measurement point. So, it limits detectable biomarkers...

In this paper, we propose a low-jitter low-power digital multiplying delay-locked loop (MDLL) with self-calibrated double reference injection scheme. To reduce jitter, the noisy edge of oscillator is replaced by both rising and falling edges clean reference, which results in 6-dB reduction phase noise compared conventional single-edge MDLL. Reference spur caused frequency error oscillator, duty-cycle circuit imperfection, such as offset mismatch, removed employing three background feedback...

A multiplying delay-locked loop (MDLL) is an attractive architecture for a low-jitter clock generator, as it does not suffer much from jitter accumulation [1-4]. By periodically replacing the output edge of oscillator by clean reference, MDLL has large effective bandwidth phase noise, which cannot be obtained in PLL. With this advantage mind, several MDLLs have been implemented recently [2], [3]. Unfortunately, these works are limited their practical use frequency multiplication factor only...

This paper introduces the world's first fully integrated in‐cell fingerprint sensor display. Organic photodetector (OPD) is embedded into state‐of‐the art flexible OLED display in same horizental plane, thus identfis a entire active area and allows multple fingers sensing while maintaining high‐resolution quality. Additionally, no increased thickness process cost were expected due to benefits from integration. The manufactured obtained comparable results including Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) of...

To obtain various paraelectric ZrTiO4 thin-film microstructures, the films were synthesized at different deposition temperatures using rf magnetron sputtering. Both dielectric losses (tan δ) and constants (ε) of thin measured up to 6 GHz a circular-patch capacitor geometry. The showed enhanced crystallinity with increasing temperature, as determined from x-ray diffraction peak widths scattering vectors. microwave correlated very well level or strain, while did not alter significantly.

Flexible display technology has been successfully commercialized with foldable and rollable displays. Because of the limitation flexible technology, stretchable displays have attracted great attention which capable realizing freeform design as a post‐flexible display. However, no yet provided sufficient stretchability resolution to realize genuine free‐form We report on highly deformable AMOLED elongation over 20%. Moreover, our is more than 15% shrinkage deformation. also developed...

On-current ION and field effect mobility μFE changed abnormally by drain bias illumination stress (DBIS) in amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors. First, dropped to 35% of its initial value decreased from 11.8 cm2/(V∙s) 3.0 because acceptor-like tail states ATAIL, which were generated rupture weak oxygen bonds near the region. The ATAIL trap electrons, therefore have negative charge, causes scattering charged carriers decrease μFE. As DBIS time elapsed, ionized vacancies (VO2+) region, so...

Abstract Display has been evolving its role as a conventional optical output device into an user interactive input and by harnessing various sensors taking full advantage of interaction friendly nature. To demonstrate this phenomenon, here we report organic photodiode embedded light-emitting diode display multiple objects sensing platform which identifies the user’s physiological data based on obtained photoplethysmography signal also detects fingerprint for authentication concurrently in...

While polarizer‐free (Pol‐less) OLED displays increase the efficiency of panels with lowering thickness, there comes an issue screen quality drop due to diffraction. We have investigated phenomena and invented a novel model for diffraction, since color‐difference‐based evaluation alone has limitations in responding customer needs various environments reflecting situations which actual users embrace quality. The main spatial features diffraction appearance were classified into size complexity...

Stretchable displays based on conventional materials exhibit a trade‐off relationship between the pixel density and stretchability. In this paper, we have demonstrated overcoming technological limitations of stretchable through optimization serpentine‐shaped bridge design application metal electrodes. The electrodes has increased stretchability by over 30% without compromising density.

The dielectric properties of (Ba0.43Sr0.57)TiO3 (BST) thin films were investigated in the microwave-frequency range. losses (tan δ) and constants (ε) successfully measured up to ∼6 GHz using a circular-patch capacitor geometry. deposition temperatures varied from room temperature 750°C investigate effects crystallinity on properties. As film was enhanced, increased 0.0024±0.0018 at room-temperature 0.0102±0.0017 deposition. 10.29±0.02 243±1 same deposition-temperature Raman spectroscopy...

The most widely used design for a Phase III comparative study demonstrating the biosimilarity between biosimilar product and renovator biological is equivalence trial, whose aim to show that difference two population means of primary endpoint less than prespecified margin. A well-known sample size formula trial given by [Formula: see text] Since this obtained based on approximate power rather exact power, we investigate in article accuracy formula. We conclude very conservative....

The dielectric properties of paraelectric ZrTiO 4 thin films were investigated in the microwave-frequency range. losses (tan δ) and constants ( ε ) successfully measured up to ∼ 5 GHz using a circular-patch capacitor geometry. effects microstructures on also investigated. deposited at different temperatures RF power densities vary film microstructures. As deposition temperature density increased, crystallinity was enhanced decreased. microwave correlated very well with level local strain...

Under‐display camera suffers from severe image blur and glare due to the structure of display panel. Finite dynamic range also causes irreversible damage on images. In this paper, we show that blurry with can be rapidly restored by a neural network guided filters.

Next generation OLED displays demand high energy efficiency and resolution, but it is a hard challenge for the display industry to meet needs long lifetime simultaneously. When excitons relax their ground state photon emitted; however, such excited exciton states can, on occasion, quench, leading material degradation. In order increase efficiency, concentration of needed, this leads more quenching events between polarons and, in turn, increased Thus, trade‐off exists lifetime, which can be...

This paper proposes an Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode (AMOLED) pixel circuit for Variable Refresh Rate (VRR) driving from 1Hz to 240Hz. The is based on a double‐gate Low Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon and Oxide (LTPO) Thin Film Transistor (TFT) backplane. For low frame rate we used oxide TFTs as the Switching (SW) TFTs. Moreover, applied (LTPS) process Driving (DR) TFT compensation of Threshold Voltage (Vth) by controlling bottom gate bias at high refresh rate. In this...

While a more efficient and stable emitter with deep blue color is essential for better performance of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLED) devices, obtaining such materials extremely challenging. In the current work, we have developed tool to assist discovery OLED by applying v‐HTS based on properties predicted using ML ML‐predictabiltiy scale. this study, interest include both Pt (II) phosphor complexes [1−3] thermally activated delayed fluorescence dopants [4−6] . We also user‐friendly...

The effects of film thickness on the dipolar relaxation ferroelectric PbTiO3 thin films were investigated in microwave-frequency range. real and imaginary dielectric constants (ε′–iε″) measured up to 30GHz using interdigital capacitors high-quality SiO2. As polycrystalline increased from 42 407nm, dipolar-relaxation frequency reduced with increasing grain size. observed behavior for ε′–iε″ was explained terms convolution Debye relaxation. higher than previous values reported bulk PbTiO3, due...

This work presents an operating frequency and sensitivity evaluation methodology for ultrasonic fingerprint on display (FoD). Understanding the underlying physics of complicated, highly coupled behavior electromechanical sensors is indispensable predicting responses waves in multi‐layered system. And a panel structure critical evaluating optimizing its performance. In this work, we evaluated optimal frequencies from Fabry‐erot resonance represented acoustic pressure imaging at by developing...

Critical Flicker-Fusion Frequency (CFF) refer to the frequency at which people see a steady, single intensity of light when given alternating bright and dark light. While most displays have been developed with refresh rate 60Hz, revealed as above CFF, state-of-the-art technology called VRR(Variable Refresh Rate) are emerging, supporting various from lower higher than CFF. In addition, dispays became bigger brighter. Since it was that brightness size affect flicker perception, is needed...

A new flexible low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon thin film transistors (LTPS TFTs) backplane on PI substrate with organic dielectric layer and low‐stress structure of island TFT is proposed. This extremely low stress able to withstand 20,000 inward bending cycles at a radius 1mm without any noticeable degradation. After 200,000 1 mm, the stability test results show that change on‐current 10.07% for hot carrier instability (HCI) test, threshold voltage ‐0.31V negative bias thermal...