A5026414381- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
Tufts Medical Center
2016-2025
Tufts University
2016-2025
NHS Lanarkshire
2025
Tufts Children's Hospital
2015-2024
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
2014-2024
Case Western Reserve University
2024
Emory University
2024
Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute
2015-2024
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
1986-2024
Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network
2024
In April 2016, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development invited experts to a workshop address numerous knowledge gaps review evidence for screening management opioid use in pregnancy neonatal abstinence syndrome. The rising prevalence has led concomitant dramatic fivefold increase syndrome over past decade. Experts from diverse disciplines addressed research following areas: 1) optimal pregnancy; 2) complications associated with use; 3) appropriate...
Opioid agonist therapy is strongly recommended for pregnant persons with opioid use disorder. Buprenorphine may be associated more favorable neonatal and maternal outcomes than methadone, but existing data are limited.
The transcription factor NF-κB activates a number of genes whose protein products are proinflammatory. In quiescent cells, exists in latent form and is activated via signal-dependent proteolytic mechanism which the inhibitory IκB degraded by ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Consequently, inhibition proteasome suppresses activation NF-κB. This suppression should therefore decrease many encoding proinflammatory proteins ultimately have an anti-inflammatory effect. To this end, series peptide...
Objective. To examine whether treatment of premature infants with intratracheal recombinant human CuZn superoxide dismutase (r-h CuZnSOD) reduces bronchopulmonary dysplasia and improves pulmonary outcome at 1 year corrected age. Design. Three hundred two (600–1200 g birth weight) treated exogenous surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome were randomized to receive either r-h CuZnSOD (5 mg/kg in 2 mL/kg saline) or placebo every 48 hours (as long as intubation was required) up month...
Surfactant inactivation has been shown to be a significant factor in animal models of lung injury and may also important some forms respiratory failure full-term newborns. Fourteen newborns with associated pneumonia (7 patients) meconium aspiration syndrome were treated 90 mg/kg calf surfactant extract, given intratracheally up every 6 hours for maximum four doses. The group mean fraction inspired oxygen (FI02) before treatment was 0.99 +/- 0.01 SEM, the airway pressure (MAP) 14.6 1.0 cm...
Despite improvements in neonatal care, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to occur approximately one third of newborns who have birth weights <1000 g and contributes significant morbidity this population. Gaps knowledge about the prevention treatment BPD remain, resulting unintended short- long-term sequelae. In addition chronic lung disease, preterm with are more likely develop language delay, cerebral palsy, cognitive impairments compared without BPD. The pulmonary group...
Objective: We assessed the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and screening test characteristics in children with Down syndrome. Method: Eligible born a defined geographic area between January 1, 1996, December 31, 2003, were recruited through population-based birth defects registry community outreach, then screened modified checklist for toddlers or social communication questionnaire, as appropriate. Screen-positive random sample screen-negative underwent developmental...
<h3>Importance</h3>Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) caused by in utero opioid exposure is a growing problem; genetic factors influencing the incidence and severity have not been previously examined. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) μ-opioid receptor (OPRM1), multidrug resistance (ABCB1), catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) genes are associated with risk for addiction adults.<h3>Objective</h3>To determine whether SNPs OPRM1, ABCB1, COMT length of hospital stay need treatment...
Rationale: Hyperoxic ventilation in the management of persistent pulmonary hypertension newborn (PPHN) can result formation reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anions, which inactivate nitric oxide (NO) and cause vasoconstriction oxidation.Objective: To compare effect intratracheal recombinant human dismutase (rhSOD) and/or inhaled NO (iNO) on systemic oxygenation, contractility arteries (PAs), lung species (isoprostane, 3-nitrotyrosine) levels neonatal lambs with PPHN.Methods: Six...
To estimate treatment heterogeneity in two randomized controlled trials of a youth summer jobs program, we implement Wager and Athey's (2015) causal forest algorithm. We provide step-by-step explanation targeted at applied researchers how the algorithm predicts effects based on observables. then explore useful predicted is practice by testing whether with larger actually respond more hold-out sample. Our application highlights some limitations forest, but it also suggests that method can...
<b>Objectives</b> To assess the impact of in utero co-exposure to psychotropic medications and opioids on incidence severity neonatal drug withdrawal. <b>Design</b> Observational cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Nationwide sample pregnancies publicly insured women US, nested Medicaid Analytic eXtract (2000-10). <b>Participants</b> 201 275 pregnant with public insurance who were exposed around time delivery their liveborn infants. <b>Interventions</b> In exposure...
Abstract We examine intergenerational mobility differences between Germany, Norway, Sweden, and the US. Using ranks, we find that US is substantially less intergenerationally mobile than three European countries most region of least regions Norway Sweden. a linear estimator income share mobility, four have very similar rates mobility. However, when use non‐parametric versions rank tends to experience lower upward at bottom distribution
This paper reports the results of two randomized field experiments, each offering different populations Chicago youth a supported summer job. The program consistently reduces violent-crime arrests, even after summer, without improving employment, schooling, or other arrests; if anything, property crime increases over to three years. Using new machine learning method, we uncover heterogeneity in employment impacts that standard methods would miss, describe who benefits, and leverage explore...