Information visualization designers strive to design data displays that allow for efficient exploration, analysis, and communication of patterns in data, leading informed decisions. Unfortunately, human judgment decision making are imperfect often plagued by cognitive biases. There is limited empirical research documenting how these biases affect visual analysis activities. Existing taxonomies organized theories hard associate with tasks. Based on a survey the literature we propose...

The attraction effect is a well-studied cognitive bias in decision making research, where one's choice between two alternatives influenced by the presence of an irrelevant (dominated) third alternative. We examine whether this bias, so far only tested with three and simple presentation formats such as numerical tables, text pictures, also appears visualizations. Since visualizations can be used to support - e.g., when choosing house buy or employee hire systematic could have important...

Interaction is fundamental to data visualization, but what "interaction" means in the context of visualization ambiguous and confusing. We argue that this confusion due a lack consensual definition. To tackle problem, we start by synthesizing an inclusive view interaction community - including insights from information visual analytics scientific as well input both senior junior researchers. Once takes shape, look at how defined field human-computer (HCI). By extracting commonalities...

When an organization chooses one course of action over alternatives, this task typically falls on a decision maker with relevant knowledge, experience, and understanding context. Decision makers rely data analysis, which is either delegated to analysts, or done their own. Often the combines data, likely uncertain incomplete, non-formalized knowledge within multi-objective problem space, weighing recommendations analysts broader contexts goals. As most past research in visual analytics has...

We explore how to rigorously evaluate multidimensional visualizations for their ability support decision making. first define multi-attribute choice tasks, a type of task commonly performed with such visualizations. then identify which the existing are compatible and set out three elementary visualizations: parallel coordinates, scatterplot matrices tabular Our method consists in giving participants low-level analytic order ensure that they properly understood interactions. Participants...

Human decisions are prone to biases, and this is no less true for made within data visualizations. Bias mitigation strategies often focus on the person, by educating people about their typically with little success. We instead system, presenting first evidence that altering design of an interactive visualization tool can mitigate a strong bias - attraction effect. Participants viewed 2D scatterplots where choices between superior alternatives were affected placement other suboptimal points....

It has been widely suggested that a key goal of visualization systems is to assist decision making, but this true? We conduct critical investigation on whether the activity making indeed central domain. By approaching as user <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">task</i> , we explore degree which tasks are evident in research and studies. Our analysis suggests not commonly found current task taxonomies field yet leverage guidance...

In the face of complex decisions, people often engage in a three-stage process that spans from (1) exploring and analyzing pertinent information (intelligence); (2) generating alternative options (design); ultimately culminating (3) selecting optimal decision by evaluating discerning criteria (choice). We can fairly assume all good visualizations aid intelligence stage enabling data exploration analysis. Yet, to what degree how do visualization systems currently support other making stages,...

We explore the effects of providing task context when evaluating visualization tools using crowdsourcing. gave crowdsource workers i) abstract information tasks without any context, ii) where we added semantics to dataset, and iii) with two types backstory narratives: an analytic narrative a decision-making narrative. Contrary our expectations, did not find evidence that adding data increases accuracy, further found narratives can even decrease accuracy. Adding dataset however increase...

Existing data visualization design guidelines focus primarily on constructing grammatically-correct visualizations that faithfully convey the values and relationships in underlying data. However, a designer may create still leaves audiences susceptible to reasoning misleaders, e.g. by failing normalize or using unrepresentative samples. Reasoning misleaders are especially pernicious when presenting public policy data, where data-driven decisions can affect health, safety, economic...

Projections are well-known techniques that help the visual exploration of high-dimensional data by creating depictions thereof in a low-dimensional space. While projections target 2D space have been studied detail both quantitatively and qualitatively, 3D far less well understood, with authors arguing for against added-value third dimension. We fill this gap first presenting quantitative study compares along rich selection datasets, projection techniques, quality metrics. To refine these...

This paper describes our ongoing effort to build an empathizing and adaptive storyteller system. The system under development aims utilize emotional expressions generated from avatar or a humanoid robot in addition the listener’s responses which are monitored real time, order deliver story effective manner. We conducted pilot study results were analyzed two ways: first, through survey questionnaire analysis based on participant’s subjective ratings; second, automated video facial expression...

The availability heuristic is a strategy that people use to make quick decisions but often lead systematic errors. We propose three ways visualization could facilitate unbiased decision-making. First, visualizations can alter the way our memory stores events for later recall, so as improve users' long-term intuitions. Second, known biases new guidelines. Third, we suggest design of decision-making tools are inspired by heuristics, e.g. suggesting intuitive approximations, rather than target...

In this paper we describe the development and evaluation of a visual analytics tool to support historical research. Historians continuously gather data related their scholarly research from archival visits background search. Organising making sense all can be challenging as many historians continue rely on analog or basic digital tools. We built an integrated note-taking environment for which unifies set func-tionalities identified important including editing, tagging, searching, sharing...

Abstract While there are many visualization techniques for exploring numeric data, only a few work with categorical data. One prominent example is Parallel Sets, showing data frequencies instead of points ‐ analogous to parallel coordinates numerical As nominal does not have an intrinsic order, the design Sets sensitive visual clutter due overlaps, crossings, and subdivision ribbons hindering readability pattern detection. In this paper, we propose set quality metrics, called ParSetgnostics...

We investigated retroactive transfer when users alternate between different interfaces. Retroactive is the influence of a newly learned interface on users' performance with previously interface. In an interview study, participants described their experiences alternating interfaces, e.g. operating systems, devices or techniques. Negative related to text entry was most frequently reported incident. then laboratory experiment that impact similarity two abstract keyboard layouts, and number...

Compact visual summaries of spatio-temporal movement data often strive to express accurate positions movers. We present SpatialRugs, a technique enhance the spatial awareness movements in dense pixel visualizations. SpatialRugs apply 2D colormaps visualize location mapped juxtaposed display. explore effect various discussing perceptual limitations and introduce custom color-smoothing method mitigate distorted patterns collective behavior.

Existing data visualization design guidelines focus primarily on constructing grammatically-correct visualizations that faithfully convey the values and relationships in underlying data. However, a designer may create still leaves audiences susceptible to reasoning misleaders, e.g. by failing normalize or using unrepresentative samples. Reasoning misleaders are especially pernicious when presenting public policy data, where data-driven decisions can affect health, safety, economic...

AI prevails in financial fraud detection and decision making. Yet, due to concerns about biased automated making or profiling, regulations mandate that final decisions are made by humans. Financial investigators face the challenge of manually synthesizing vast amounts unstructured information, including alerts, transaction histories, social media insights, governmental laws. Current Visual Analytics (VA) systems primarily support isolated aspects this process, such as explaining binary...

Is it true that if citizens understand hurricane probabilities, they will make more rational decisions for evacuation? Finding answers to such questions is not straightforward in the literature because terms " <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">judgment</i> and xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">decision making</i> are often used interchangeably. This terminology conflation leads a lack of clarity on whether people...