To propose the use of choroidal vascularity index (CVI) as a novel tool to assess vascular status choroid using image binarization enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans in diabetes mellitus (DM).A prospective cross-sectional study was performed at tertiary referral eye care centre Singapore. Age and gender matched EDI-OCT 38 eyes 19 patients with DM were compared healthy controls (n = 19). The images binarized into luminal areas (LA) stromal (SA). Choroidal...

To determine the prevalence and risk factors for anxiety disorder depression among glaucoma patients in Singapore, to assess relationship between quality of life (QOL) depression/anxiety.In this cross-sectional study, aged 21 above with a known diagnosis primary open-angle or angle-closure were recruited from tertiary care hospital. Patients other types glaucoma, coexisting ocular psychiatric disorders excluded.Ophthalmic examination was carried out on all participants, which included...

Despite the potential usefulness of optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal and optic disc conditions, reliability imaging modality remains unclear. This study set out to measure microvascular density macula by mean report repeatability vessel measurements. Cross sectional observational cohort study. Subjects with normal eyes were recruited. Two sets images nerve head acquired during one visit. Novel in-house developed software was used count pixels each compute microvessel disc....

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety topical ganciclovir 0.15 % gel in management patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis. This a retrospective cohort disease course 31 (33 eyes) aqueous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive for CMV. Data from total 160 episodes uveitis flare 20 years, dating December 1992 2012, collected. All were treated concomitant anti-inflammatory medication. each eye analysed before after use %. mean age at initial presentation...

The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical features HIV patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) developing immune recovery uveitis (IRU) while on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and identify risk factors, visual outcomes complications IRU.Majority (n = 26, 86.7 %) were male, 76.7 % 23) having bilateral disease. Twenty-seven eyes (50.9 had both anterior vitritis. median CD4 at IRU was 210 cells/μL (IQR 140-279), >100 cells/μL. duration from initiation HAART...

To evaluate intraoperative decentration from pupil center and kappa intercept during small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) its impact on visual outcomes. This was a retrospective noncomparative case series. A total of 164 eyes that underwent SMILE at the Singapore National Eye Center were included. Screen captures videos analyzed. Preoperative 3 month postoperative vision refractive data analyzed against decentration. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) −5.84 ± 1.77. 0.13...

Petrina Tan MBBS, MMed (Ophth)*a, Yan Tong Koh MBBSb, Poh Ying Wong BSC (Hon, Statistics)c & Stephen C. Teoh MRCSEd (UK), (Ophth), FRCSEd FAMSca National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singaporeb Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, Singaporec Singapore

Purpose.: Wereport the epidemiologic trend of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients in Singapore.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the spectrum scleritis from database Ocular Autoimmune Systemic Inflammatory Infectious Study (OASIS) at a tertiary eye referral institute in Singapore. Clinical records 120 patients with 2200 were reviewed.56.6% females, mean age 48.6 ± 15.9 years. 75 (62.5%) had diffuse anterior scleritis, 25 (20.8%) nodular 7 (5.8%) necrotizing and 13 (10.8%) posterior scleritis. complications observed 53.3% patients, including uveitis (42.5%), raised intraocular...

Purpose: To report the trends in etiology of patients with anterior uveitis (AU) Singapore over 6 years.Methods: A retrospective review clinical records all new who presented to subspecialty clinic from 2005 2010 at Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.Results: There were 552 cases AU. This comprised 59.5% a total 928 diagnosed 2010. The mean age was 48.0 ± 17.2 years. male predominance (62.5%), male:female ratio 1.7:1. majority Chinese ethnicity (69%), followed by Malays (13.2%). Most...

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the influence of different clinical examination techniques, including optic nerve head ( ONH ) photography, visual field tests, and adjunct imaging on diagnosis glaucoma by Australian New Zealand optometrists. The effect a short‐term, didactic teaching module these is also explored. Methods Clinical data 30 patients previously seen at Centre for Eye Health was collected compiled into diagnostic assessment modules. Each six modules contained combinations results...

This study reports the surgical outcomes of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) -related retinal detachments(RD) in an Asian population.Review CMVR characteristics, and complications 19 eyes CMVR-related RD that underwent surgery from January 2000 to June 2011.CMVR was inactive 73.7% at time surgery. Anatomical success achieved 14 eyes. Seven (36.8%) had improvement two or more lines visual acuity (VA) 8 (42.1%) maintained VA. Thirteen...

Background:Screening for cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) is important in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and low CD4+ counts. However, many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) lack access to specialist ophthalmological care. Telemedicine screening a cost-effective method these patients. We aimed report the use of composite nine-field digital fundus photography (DFP) images CMVR screening. its sensitivity specificity detecting level agreement gold-standard binocular indirect...

Objective: To study the structural changes in choroid of diabetic patients following cataract surgery, using choroidal vascularity index and thickness. Methods: A prospective case–control was conducted 18 non-diabetic undergoing surgery (phacoemulsification) one eye. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography images were obtained before after surgery. Niblack’s image binarization performed to derive index. Independent sample T-test compared differences thickness between patients....

The study aims to describe the characteristics and etiologic causes of intermediate uveitis (IU) patients seen by a tertiary eye center in Singapore over 8 years.This was retrospective analysis clinical records consecutive new cases IU that presented subspecialty clinic from 2004-2011 at Tan Tock Seng Hospital. Data collected included demographics, laboratory findings. Diagnoses were based on standardized history, ophthalmological examination investigations.There 66 IU, comprising 5.7% 1168...

We assessed a novel, public, vertical integrated care model for glaucoma management in the community.This study was retrospective, longitudinal of 266 patients diagnosed or suspected glaucoma. Patients were stratified to either ongoing ophthalmology-led (n = 81) optometry-led shared 185). Demographics and clinical characteristics, including re-referral rate timeliness follow up analysed.Just under half (565/1224, 46%) all consultations over total period 45 months seen care, with...

Purpose: The study aims to analyze the trends of posterior uveitis and panuveitis patients seen by a tertiary eye center in Singapore between 2004 2012.Methods: We conducted retrospective analysis 363 consecutive new cases panuveitis. were segregated into idiopathic, infectious, or noninfectious.Results: found statistically significant differences etiologies ethnicity (p = 0.014). noticed downward trend (Spearman's rho (ρ) −0.812, p 0.008) for dengue uveitis, an upward idiopathic category...

Background:The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographics pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) in a Singapore hospital eye outpatient clinic.Methods: A retrospective 93 consecutive patients (146 eyes) with PXF undertaken by single ophthalmologist over period 37 months (July 1, 2006, July 31, 2009).Results: Ninety-three (2.8%) 3,297 seen during were diagnosed PXF.Forty-three (46.2%) male.Indians 5.04 times more likely develop than Chinese...

Purpose The detection of changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) as measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) is crucial glaucoma diagnosis and management. We investigated short-term repeatability peripapillary RNFL measurements a commercially available spectral domain OCT focusing on broad clinical spectrum patients. Methods Two consecutive were taken 227 eyes with Cirrus HD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Version 6.5 software) using optic disc 200 × protocol. Repeatability was...

To determine angle closure agreements between gonioscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), as well spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT). A secondary objective was to quantify inter-observer of AS-OCT SD-OCT assessments.Seventeen consecutive subjects (33 eyes) were recruited from the study hospital's Glaucoma clinic. Gonioscopy performed by a glaucomatologist masked results. images read independently 2 other glaucomatologists findings each other's analyses images.Totally...

Results of a direct simulation Monte Carlo method for hypersonic flow about flat plate at 40 deg angle attack have been compared with corresponding results from theory fully viscous shock layers (FVSLs). Using the 13-moment equations Maxwell gas, it is demonstrated that nonequilibrium and equilibrium FVSL flows can be correlated. With exception pressure density, most properties along streamline (including heat flux shear normal stresses) are correctly predicted to leading order by...

PURPOSE. The purpose of this research survey was to determine which Adult Critical Care Core Nursing Interventions (ACCCNIs) in the Classification constitutes a critical incident nursing intervention (CINI). A CINI is defined as any indirect or direct care registered nurse (RN)‐initiated treatment performed response life‐threatening diagnosis. METHODS. list ACCCNIs were sent 50 RNs two rounds. Responses >80% for each ACCCNI determined be CINI. FINDINGS. Forty‐one CINIs. CONCLUSIONS. It...

PURPOSE. Nursing terminology with implications for the rapid response system (RRS) is introduced and proposed: critical incident nursing diagnosis (CIND), defined as recognition of an acute life‐threatening event that occurs a result disease, surgery, treatment, or medication; intervention, any indirect direct care registered nurse‐initiated based upon clinical judgment knowledge nurse performs in to CIND; control, attempts reverse condition. DATA SOURCES. The current literature, research...