Since the energy crisis in 1960s, crucial research and activities were spurred to improve efficiency decrease environmental pollution. To deal with various problems construction industry are facing, concept of green buildings (GBs) has been gradually shaped put forward all over world, building rating systems (GBRSs) have developed. The GBs covers a wide range elements, its definition is constantly updated as develops. This paper compares development backgrounds statuses countries. It also...

The popularity of urban distributed photovoltaics is crucial for building low-carbon cities. Retrofitting roofs with photovoltaic tiles a new option. However, whether the public supports this initiative needs to be understood. Assessing willingness pay critical way measure acceptance. Therefore, paper assesses Chinese households' support retrofit promote construction To obtain factors that better explain pay, variables such as personal interest perception, moral perception and policy are...

There is a growing conflict between building density and the comfort of external environment in residential construction, especially high-density cities China. To address this conflict, sensible layout has to take both aspects into account. However, it difficult for traditional planning approaches produce layout. This partly due fact that an architect's subjective experiences are unreliable. On other hand, wind simulations professional software often time-consuming so they apply efficiently...

This paper presents a study of the effects wind-induced airflow through urban built layout pattern using statistical analysis. investigates association between typically enclosed office building patterns and wind environment. First all, this establishes an ideal site model 200 m × obtains four typical multi-story group layouts, namely multi-yard parallel opening, returning shape overall courtyard opening. Then, natural ventilation performance different morphologies is further evaluated via...

This paper explored the effects of side proportion building floor shape on energy consumption. It is based analysis regression models that were developed in present study. The simplified can be used to conduct a parametric study investigate effect plane parameters total heating and cooling load. DesignBuilder was build simulate individual configuration. Energy consumption simulations for forty-eight U-shaped buildings with different layouts performed create comprehensive dataset covering...

Numerical research is carried out to analyse the wind environment around building group consisting of six square cross-section high-rise buildings by using Reynolds averaged equations and renormalization κ-ϵ turbulence model. The are initially arranged into two rows three columns. Six types layout obtained altering cross-wind space between adjacent in velocity ratios corresponding vector field each type at pedestrian level (1.5m) then examined compared with other. results indicate that an...

The significance of form in green building design is well recognized, as it has a substantial impact on both energy performance and construction cost. This study investigates the U-shaped plan demand, which can be flexibly applied to irregular site forms clustered blocks, widely used existing office buildings. Specifically, we select object collect related case data primarily from Hangzhou Shanghai. Using Python, generate plans based two lengths, angles, depth, serve basic parameters...

The issue of high energy consumption in exhibition buildings has long been a focal point the field architectural design. However, current assessments for mainly focus on post-construction evaluations, lacking corresponding guidance during initial design phase. To address this issue, study selected 48 well-known both domestically and internationally as research subjects. Utilizing scatter plot curve fitting, it was discovered that there exists nonlinear quadratic relationship between building...

Teachers and students work study in classrooms for long durations. The indoor environment directly affects the health satisfaction of teachers students. To explore performance differences between green buildings, conventional retrofitted buildings terms their environment, occupant satisfaction, sick building syndrome (SBS), as well correlation these different aspects, three university teaching were selected hot summer cold winter regions China. These included a (GB), (RB), (CB). Long-term...

In situ precipitation: a novel approach for preparation of iron-oxide magnetoliposomes Shudong Xia,1 Peng Li,1 Qiang Chen,1 Malik Armah,2 Xiaoying Ying,3 Jian Wu,4 Jiangtao Lai51Yiwu Affiliated Hospital, College Medicine, 2College 3College Pharmacy, 4College Nanotechnology, 5First Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic ChinaBackground: Conventional methods preparing are complicated and inefficient. A was investigated in the study reported here.Methods: FeCl3/FeCl2 solutions were...

Abstract There is a contradiction between the high-density residential area development form and comfortable outdoor physical environment. The existing studies on wind environment of high-rise areas only provide guidance for simple general layouts, which cannot cope with fact that most are mixed point buildings board buildings, it would cost lot time resources to carry out computer simulation each layout. This paper presents new tool, uses automatic optimization function genetic algorithm...

This paper presented a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) study on the relationship between skyline quantitative factors and wind environment. At present, most researches revealed changes of aesthetic degrees but neglected influence outdoor addresses gap in using changing for prediction speed. It provides standardized range comfortable environment an exact To validate effectiveness proposed approach, case is undertaken existing Qianjiang New City Hangzhou extracts following three contour:...

Building density in a master plan directly affects the outdoor physical environmental quality residential area. Inappropriate design of layout may cause impact on external comfort, such as lack air movement. To tackle this problem, dimensional variable, named ventilation space was defined to feature building plan. It consists gable and fore-and-aft space. The Reynolds averaged equations renormalization group (RNG) κ-ε turbulence model used simulate wind condition some typical layouts under...

Abstract The significance of form in green building design is well recognized, as it has a substantial impact on both energy performance and construction cost. This study investigates the U-shaped plan demand, which can be flexibly applied to irregular site forms clustered blocks, widely used existing office buildings. Specifically, we select object collect related case data primarily from Hangzhou Shanghai. Using Python, generate plans based two lengths, angles, depth, serve basic...

As the best preserved inland canal in Taiwan, Tainan has witnessed rise and fall of city along with people. Due to industrial restructuring past years, its navigation function gradually declined areas adjacent fell into a recession. In order revive revitalize it, government initiates re-development project. The ideas on revitalizing functions, sectional positioning area control contained renewal planning provide an example for other river bordering cities.